Estimation of Total Kidney Volume in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease

Background In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), obtaining measured total kidney volume (mTKV) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and manual tracing is time consuming. Two alternative MR imaging methods have recently been proposed to estimate TKV (eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK ), whi...

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Veröffentlicht in:American journal of kidney diseases 2015-11, Vol.66 (5), p.792-801
Hauptverfasser: Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD, van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc, Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD, Casteleijn, Niek F., MD, Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD, Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD, de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD, Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD, Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD, Kappert, Peter, MSc, Renken, Remco J., PhD, Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD, Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD, Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD, Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD
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container_end_page 801
container_issue 5
container_start_page 792
container_title American journal of kidney diseases
container_volume 66
creator Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD
van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc
Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD
Casteleijn, Niek F., MD
Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD
Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD
de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD
Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD
Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD
Kappert, Peter, MSc
Renken, Remco J., PhD
Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD
Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD
Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD
Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD
description Background In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), obtaining measured total kidney volume (mTKV) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and manual tracing is time consuming. Two alternative MR imaging methods have recently been proposed to estimate TKV (eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK ), which require less time. Study Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal diagnostic test study. Setting & Participants Patients with ADPKD with a wide range of kidney function and an approved T2-weighted MR image obtained at the University Medical Centers of Groningen, Leiden, Nijmegen, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands, in 2007 to 2014. Test set for assessing reproducibility, n = 10; cohort for cross-sectional analyses, n = 220; and cohort for longitudinal analyses, n = 48. Index Tests Average times for eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK were 5 and 15 minutes, respectively. Bias is defined as (mTKV − eTKV)/mTKV × 100%; precision, as one standard deviation of bias. Reference Tests mTKV using manual tracing to calculate the area within kidney boundaries times slice thickness. Average time for mTKV was 55 minutes. Results In the test set, intra- and intercoefficients of variation for mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.8% and 2.3%, 3.9% and 6.3%, and 3.0% and 3.4%, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, baseline mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.96 (IQR, 1.28-2.82), 1.93 (IQR, 1.25-2.82), and 1.81 (IQR, 1.17-2.62) L, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, bias was 0.02% ± 3.2%, 1.4% ± 9.2%, and 4.6% ± 7.6% for repeat mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK , respectively. In longitudinal analysis, no significant differences were observed between percentage change in mTKV (16.7% ± 17.1%) and percentage change in eTKVellipsoid (19.3% ± 16.1%) and eTKVPANK (17.8% ± 16.1%) over 3 years. Limitations Results for follow-up data should be interpreted with caution because of the limited number of patients. Conclusions Both methods for eTKV perform relatively well compared to mTKV and can detect change in TKV over time. Because eTKVellipsoid requires less time than eTKVPANK , we suggest that this method may be preferable in clinical care.
doi_str_mv 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.017
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Lianne, MD ; Casteleijn, Niek F., MD ; Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD ; Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD ; de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD ; Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD ; Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD ; Kappert, Peter, MSc ; Renken, Remco J., PhD ; Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD ; Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD ; Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD ; Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD</creator><creatorcontrib>Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD ; van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc ; Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD ; Casteleijn, Niek F., MD ; Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD ; Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD ; de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD ; Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD ; Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD ; Kappert, Peter, MSc ; Renken, Remco J., PhD ; Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD ; Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD ; Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD ; Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD ; DIPAK Consortium ; DIPAK Consortium</creatorcontrib><description>Background In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), obtaining measured total kidney volume (mTKV) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and manual tracing is time consuming. Two alternative MR imaging methods have recently been proposed to estimate TKV (eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK ), which require less time. Study Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal diagnostic test study. Setting &amp; Participants Patients with ADPKD with a wide range of kidney function and an approved T2-weighted MR image obtained at the University Medical Centers of Groningen, Leiden, Nijmegen, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands, in 2007 to 2014. Test set for assessing reproducibility, n = 10; cohort for cross-sectional analyses, n = 220; and cohort for longitudinal analyses, n = 48. Index Tests Average times for eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK were 5 and 15 minutes, respectively. Bias is defined as (mTKV − eTKV)/mTKV × 100%; precision, as one standard deviation of bias. Reference Tests mTKV using manual tracing to calculate the area within kidney boundaries times slice thickness. Average time for mTKV was 55 minutes. Results In the test set, intra- and intercoefficients of variation for mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.8% and 2.3%, 3.9% and 6.3%, and 3.0% and 3.4%, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, baseline mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.96 (IQR, 1.28-2.82), 1.93 (IQR, 1.25-2.82), and 1.81 (IQR, 1.17-2.62) L, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, bias was 0.02% ± 3.2%, 1.4% ± 9.2%, and 4.6% ± 7.6% for repeat mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK , respectively. In longitudinal analysis, no significant differences were observed between percentage change in mTKV (16.7% ± 17.1%) and percentage change in eTKVellipsoid (19.3% ± 16.1%) and eTKVPANK (17.8% ± 16.1%) over 3 years. Limitations Results for follow-up data should be interpreted with caution because of the limited number of patients. Conclusions Both methods for eTKV perform relatively well compared to mTKV and can detect change in TKV over time. Because eTKVellipsoid requires less time than eTKVPANK , we suggest that this method may be preferable in clinical care.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0272-6386</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1523-6838</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.017</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26235803</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adult ; Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) ; Cohort Studies ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; ellipsoid ; estimation methods ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Kidney - pathology ; Longitudinal Studies ; magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrology ; Organ Size ; PANK ; Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - diagnosis ; Reproducibility of Results ; total kidney volume (TKV) ; validation</subject><ispartof>American journal of kidney diseases, 2015-11, Vol.66 (5), p.792-801</ispartof><rights>National Kidney Foundation, Inc.</rights><rights>2015 National Kidney Foundation, Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-e3c31e10d90e64369cdee5407ddd5f7986a45c666e1b15248016b6efc2e9cd2e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-e3c31e10d90e64369cdee5407ddd5f7986a45c666e1b15248016b6efc2e9cd2e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.017$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3536,27903,27904,45974</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26235803$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casteleijn, Niek F., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kappert, Peter, MSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Renken, Remco J., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DIPAK Consortium</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DIPAK Consortium</creatorcontrib><title>Estimation of Total Kidney Volume in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease</title><title>American journal of kidney diseases</title><addtitle>Am J Kidney Dis</addtitle><description>Background In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), obtaining measured total kidney volume (mTKV) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and manual tracing is time consuming. Two alternative MR imaging methods have recently been proposed to estimate TKV (eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK ), which require less time. Study Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal diagnostic test study. Setting &amp; Participants Patients with ADPKD with a wide range of kidney function and an approved T2-weighted MR image obtained at the University Medical Centers of Groningen, Leiden, Nijmegen, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands, in 2007 to 2014. Test set for assessing reproducibility, n = 10; cohort for cross-sectional analyses, n = 220; and cohort for longitudinal analyses, n = 48. Index Tests Average times for eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK were 5 and 15 minutes, respectively. Bias is defined as (mTKV − eTKV)/mTKV × 100%; precision, as one standard deviation of bias. Reference Tests mTKV using manual tracing to calculate the area within kidney boundaries times slice thickness. Average time for mTKV was 55 minutes. Results In the test set, intra- and intercoefficients of variation for mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.8% and 2.3%, 3.9% and 6.3%, and 3.0% and 3.4%, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, baseline mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.96 (IQR, 1.28-2.82), 1.93 (IQR, 1.25-2.82), and 1.81 (IQR, 1.17-2.62) L, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, bias was 0.02% ± 3.2%, 1.4% ± 9.2%, and 4.6% ± 7.6% for repeat mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK , respectively. In longitudinal analysis, no significant differences were observed between percentage change in mTKV (16.7% ± 17.1%) and percentage change in eTKVellipsoid (19.3% ± 16.1%) and eTKVPANK (17.8% ± 16.1%) over 3 years. Limitations Results for follow-up data should be interpreted with caution because of the limited number of patients. Conclusions Both methods for eTKV perform relatively well compared to mTKV and can detect change in TKV over time. Because eTKVellipsoid requires less time than eTKVPANK , we suggest that this method may be preferable in clinical care.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>ellipsoid</subject><subject>estimation methods</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</subject><subject>Kidney - pathology</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nephrology</subject><subject>Organ Size</subject><subject>PANK</subject><subject>Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - diagnosis</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><subject>total kidney volume (TKV)</subject><subject>validation</subject><issn>0272-6386</issn><issn>1523-6838</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kctq3TAURUVpSG7S_EAHxcNO7BxJtmRDCYS8SSAtTTsVutIxyLGl1LIL_vvK3CSDDjLSQGtvOGsT8plCQaHiJ12huydbMKBVAaIAKj-QDa0Yz0XN649kA0yyXPBaHJDDGDsAaLgQ--SACcarGviG_LiMkxv05ILPQps9hkn32Z2zHpfsd-jnATPns7N5CjEM6esiDM5rP2XfQ7-YJYXNK37hIuqIn8heq_uIxy_vEfl1dfl4fpPfP1zfnp_d56aUcsqRG06Rgm0ARclFYyxiVYK01latbGqhy8oIIZBu001lDVRsBbaGYUIZ8iPyddf7PIY_M8ZJDS4a7HvtMcxRUclSS9OUMqFsh5oxxDhiq57HdPS4KApqVak6tapUq0oFQiWVKfTlpX_eDmjfIq_uEvBtB2C68q_DUUXj0Bu0bkQzKRvc-_2n_8VN77wzun_CBWMX5tEnf4qqyBSon-uY65a0WmeUnP8Ds2uZxQ</recordid><startdate>20151101</startdate><enddate>20151101</enddate><creator>Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD</creator><creator>van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc</creator><creator>Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD</creator><creator>Casteleijn, Niek F., MD</creator><creator>Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD</creator><creator>de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD</creator><creator>Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD</creator><creator>Kappert, Peter, MSc</creator><creator>Renken, Remco J., PhD</creator><creator>Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD</creator><creator>Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD</creator><creator>Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151101</creationdate><title>Estimation of Total Kidney Volume in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease</title><author>Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD ; van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc ; Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD ; Casteleijn, Niek F., MD ; Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD ; Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD ; de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD ; Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD ; Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD ; Kappert, Peter, MSc ; Renken, Remco J., PhD ; Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD ; Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD ; Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD ; Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-e3c31e10d90e64369cdee5407ddd5f7986a45c666e1b15248016b6efc2e9cd2e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)</topic><topic>Cohort Studies</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>ellipsoid</topic><topic>estimation methods</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</topic><topic>Kidney - pathology</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nephrology</topic><topic>Organ Size</topic><topic>PANK</topic><topic>Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - diagnosis</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><topic>total kidney volume (TKV)</topic><topic>validation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Casteleijn, Niek F., MD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kappert, Peter, MSc</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Renken, Remco J., PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DIPAK Consortium</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DIPAK Consortium</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>American journal of kidney diseases</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Spithoven, Edwin M., MD, PhD</au><au>van Gastel, Maatje D.A., BSc</au><au>Messchendorp, A. Lianne, MD</au><au>Casteleijn, Niek F., MD</au><au>Drenth, Joost P.H., MD, PhD</au><au>Gaillard, Carlo A., MD, PhD</au><au>de Fijter, Johan W., MD, PhD</au><au>Meijer, Esther, MD, PhD</au><au>Peters, Dorien J.M., PhD</au><au>Kappert, Peter, MSc</au><au>Renken, Remco J., PhD</au><au>Visser, Folkert W., MD, PhD</au><au>Wetzels, Jack F.M., MD, PhD</au><au>Zietse, Robert, MD, PhD</au><au>Gansevoort, Ron T., MD, PhD</au><aucorp>DIPAK Consortium</aucorp><aucorp>DIPAK Consortium</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Estimation of Total Kidney Volume in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease</atitle><jtitle>American journal of kidney diseases</jtitle><addtitle>Am J Kidney Dis</addtitle><date>2015-11-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>66</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>792</spage><epage>801</epage><pages>792-801</pages><issn>0272-6386</issn><eissn>1523-6838</eissn><abstract>Background In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), obtaining measured total kidney volume (mTKV) by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and manual tracing is time consuming. Two alternative MR imaging methods have recently been proposed to estimate TKV (eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK ), which require less time. Study Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal diagnostic test study. Setting &amp; Participants Patients with ADPKD with a wide range of kidney function and an approved T2-weighted MR image obtained at the University Medical Centers of Groningen, Leiden, Nijmegen, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands, in 2007 to 2014. Test set for assessing reproducibility, n = 10; cohort for cross-sectional analyses, n = 220; and cohort for longitudinal analyses, n = 48. Index Tests Average times for eTKVellipsoid and eTKVPANK were 5 and 15 minutes, respectively. Bias is defined as (mTKV − eTKV)/mTKV × 100%; precision, as one standard deviation of bias. Reference Tests mTKV using manual tracing to calculate the area within kidney boundaries times slice thickness. Average time for mTKV was 55 minutes. Results In the test set, intra- and intercoefficients of variation for mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.8% and 2.3%, 3.9% and 6.3%, and 3.0% and 3.4%, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, baseline mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK were 1.96 (IQR, 1.28-2.82), 1.93 (IQR, 1.25-2.82), and 1.81 (IQR, 1.17-2.62) L, respectively. In cross-sectional analysis, bias was 0.02% ± 3.2%, 1.4% ± 9.2%, and 4.6% ± 7.6% for repeat mTKV, eTKVellipsoid , and eTKVPANK , respectively. In longitudinal analysis, no significant differences were observed between percentage change in mTKV (16.7% ± 17.1%) and percentage change in eTKVellipsoid (19.3% ± 16.1%) and eTKVPANK (17.8% ± 16.1%) over 3 years. Limitations Results for follow-up data should be interpreted with caution because of the limited number of patients. Conclusions Both methods for eTKV perform relatively well compared to mTKV and can detect change in TKV over time. Because eTKVellipsoid requires less time than eTKVPANK , we suggest that this method may be preferable in clinical care.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>26235803</pmid><doi>10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.06.017</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record>
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identifier ISSN: 0272-6386
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1523-6838
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source MEDLINE; Elsevier ScienceDirect Journals Complete
subjects Adult
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies
ellipsoid
estimation methods
Female
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Kidney - pathology
Longitudinal Studies
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Middle Aged
Nephrology
Organ Size
PANK
Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant - diagnosis
Reproducibility of Results
total kidney volume (TKV)
validation
title Estimation of Total Kidney Volume in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease
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