Geospatial Risk Factors of Canine American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) (42 Cases: 2000–2012)
American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi affects many mammals, including humans and dogs, in all Latin American countries outside the Caribbean and increasingly also in the southern United States. Dogs are considered as reliable sentinels and have been identified as an...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2015-10, Vol.15 (10), p.62-610 |
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| creator | Raghavan, Ram K. Saunders, Ashley B. Goodin, Doug G. Anderson, Gary A. Harkin, Kenneth R. |
| description | American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease caused by
Trypanosoma cruzi
affects many mammals, including humans and dogs, in all Latin American countries outside the Caribbean and increasingly also in the southern United States. Dogs are considered as reliable sentinels and have been identified as an important risk factor for the disease in humans in endemic countries. Factors that determine American trypanosomiasis in dogs may therefore have public health relevance. Associations of different environmental, locational, and pet owner socioeconomic conditions were evaluated retrospectively as potential risk factors for American trypanosomiasis status in dogs in a case–control study. Laboratory-confirmed cases received at the Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between the years 2000 and 2012 and candidate risk factor variables extracted from publicly available environmental data and 2010 US Census Bureau were used. The sample included 42 dogs serologically positive and 82 dogs serologically negative determined by indirect immunofluorescent assay. The diagnostic titer was 1:160 (case). Univariate logistic regressions followed by stepwise multivariate logistic modeling were used for variable screening and to determine the strengths of variable associations with case status. Total Edge Contrast Index (odds ratio [OR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.10, 3.62), residing in homes that had rural addresses (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 2.43, 2.53), total number of owner occupied housing units in a neighborhood with a householder who is Hispanic or Latino (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.04, 2.66), and the total number of housing units in a neighborhood that were built on or prior to year 1980 (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.94, 2.55) were identified as risk factors. Suitable awareness campaigns and future research that considers pet owner housing and socioeconomic circumstances are necessary for effective prevention and control of this disease among dogs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1089/vbz.2014.1754 |
| format | Article |
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Trypanosoma cruzi
affects many mammals, including humans and dogs, in all Latin American countries outside the Caribbean and increasingly also in the southern United States. Dogs are considered as reliable sentinels and have been identified as an important risk factor for the disease in humans in endemic countries. Factors that determine American trypanosomiasis in dogs may therefore have public health relevance. Associations of different environmental, locational, and pet owner socioeconomic conditions were evaluated retrospectively as potential risk factors for American trypanosomiasis status in dogs in a case–control study. Laboratory-confirmed cases received at the Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between the years 2000 and 2012 and candidate risk factor variables extracted from publicly available environmental data and 2010 US Census Bureau were used. The sample included 42 dogs serologically positive and 82 dogs serologically negative determined by indirect immunofluorescent assay. The diagnostic titer was 1:160 (case). Univariate logistic regressions followed by stepwise multivariate logistic modeling were used for variable screening and to determine the strengths of variable associations with case status. Total Edge Contrast Index (odds ratio [OR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.10, 3.62), residing in homes that had rural addresses (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 2.43, 2.53), total number of owner occupied housing units in a neighborhood with a householder who is Hispanic or Latino (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.04, 2.66), and the total number of housing units in a neighborhood that were built on or prior to year 1980 (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.94, 2.55) were identified as risk factors. Suitable awareness campaigns and future research that considers pet owner housing and socioeconomic circumstances are necessary for effective prevention and control of this disease among dogs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1530-3667</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1557-7759</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2014.1754</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26393300</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</publisher><subject>Animals ; Case-Control Studies ; Chagas Disease - epidemiology ; Chagas Disease - parasitology ; Chagas Disease - veterinary ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dog Diseases - epidemiology ; Dog Diseases - parasitology ; Dogs ; Female ; Geographic Information Systems ; Housing ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Original Articles ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Texas - epidemiology ; Trypanosoma cruzi ; Trypanosoma cruzi - immunology ; Trypanosoma cruzi - isolation & purification ; Zoonoses</subject><ispartof>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2015-10, Vol.15 (10), p.62-610</ispartof><rights>2015, Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-cb2cd993013a1272aa3d31c2f1a8d23a1e4fb1b1b0057a9ee7c977daef8051f13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-cb2cd993013a1272aa3d31c2f1a8d23a1e4fb1b1b0057a9ee7c977daef8051f13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27923,27924</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26393300$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Raghavan, Ram K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saunders, Ashley B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goodin, Doug G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Gary A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harkin, Kenneth R.</creatorcontrib><title>Geospatial Risk Factors of Canine American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) (42 Cases: 2000–2012)</title><title>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)</title><addtitle>Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis</addtitle><description>American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease caused by
Trypanosoma cruzi
affects many mammals, including humans and dogs, in all Latin American countries outside the Caribbean and increasingly also in the southern United States. Dogs are considered as reliable sentinels and have been identified as an important risk factor for the disease in humans in endemic countries. Factors that determine American trypanosomiasis in dogs may therefore have public health relevance. Associations of different environmental, locational, and pet owner socioeconomic conditions were evaluated retrospectively as potential risk factors for American trypanosomiasis status in dogs in a case–control study. Laboratory-confirmed cases received at the Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between the years 2000 and 2012 and candidate risk factor variables extracted from publicly available environmental data and 2010 US Census Bureau were used. The sample included 42 dogs serologically positive and 82 dogs serologically negative determined by indirect immunofluorescent assay. The diagnostic titer was 1:160 (case). Univariate logistic regressions followed by stepwise multivariate logistic modeling were used for variable screening and to determine the strengths of variable associations with case status. Total Edge Contrast Index (odds ratio [OR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.10, 3.62), residing in homes that had rural addresses (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 2.43, 2.53), total number of owner occupied housing units in a neighborhood with a householder who is Hispanic or Latino (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.04, 2.66), and the total number of housing units in a neighborhood that were built on or prior to year 1980 (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.94, 2.55) were identified as risk factors. Suitable awareness campaigns and future research that considers pet owner housing and socioeconomic circumstances are necessary for effective prevention and control of this disease among dogs.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Chagas Disease - epidemiology</subject><subject>Chagas Disease - parasitology</subject><subject>Chagas Disease - veterinary</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - epidemiology</subject><subject>Dog Diseases - parasitology</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Geographic Information Systems</subject><subject>Housing</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Logistic Models</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Original Articles</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Factors</subject><subject>Texas - epidemiology</subject><subject>Trypanosoma cruzi</subject><subject>Trypanosoma cruzi - immunology</subject><subject>Trypanosoma cruzi - isolation & purification</subject><subject>Zoonoses</subject><issn>1530-3667</issn><issn>1557-7759</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc9u1EAMxkcIREvhyBXNcXvIYs8kmQy3aqEFqRISKufImTgwkD_LOFupnHgH3pAnIdEWriAfbH36-ZPlT6nnCFuEyr-8bb5vDWC-RVfkD9QpFoXLnCv8w3W2kNmydCfqicgXAIMVFo_ViSmttxbgVIUrnmRPc6Ref4jyVV9SmKckeur0jsY4sr4YOMVAo75Jd3saJ5mGSBJFb3af6ROJfh2FSfhcb3KzLAnLK20A4NePn8tl5vypetRRL_zsvp-pj5dvbnZvs-v3V-92F9dZsA7mLDQmtN5bQEtonCGyrcVgOqSqNYvGedfgUgCFI8_sgneuJe4qKLBDe6Y2R999mr4dWOZ6iBK472nk6SA1OuNK7035PyhWHhHzYkGzIxrSJJK4q_cpDpTuaoR6jaBeIqjXCOo1goV_cW99aAZu_9J_fr4A9gisMo1jH7nhNP_D9jfX4JEE</recordid><startdate>20151001</startdate><enddate>20151001</enddate><creator>Raghavan, Ram K.</creator><creator>Saunders, Ashley B.</creator><creator>Goodin, Doug G.</creator><creator>Anderson, Gary A.</creator><creator>Harkin, Kenneth R.</creator><general>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M7N</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151001</creationdate><title>Geospatial Risk Factors of Canine American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) (42 Cases: 2000–2012)</title><author>Raghavan, Ram K. ; Saunders, Ashley B. ; Goodin, Doug G. ; Anderson, Gary A. ; Harkin, Kenneth R.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c370t-cb2cd993013a1272aa3d31c2f1a8d23a1e4fb1b1b0057a9ee7c977daef8051f13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>Chagas Disease - epidemiology</topic><topic>Chagas Disease - parasitology</topic><topic>Chagas Disease - veterinary</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - epidemiology</topic><topic>Dog Diseases - parasitology</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Geographic Information Systems</topic><topic>Housing</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Infant</topic><topic>Logistic Models</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Original Articles</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Socioeconomic Factors</topic><topic>Texas - epidemiology</topic><topic>Trypanosoma cruzi</topic><topic>Trypanosoma cruzi - immunology</topic><topic>Trypanosoma cruzi - isolation & purification</topic><topic>Zoonoses</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Raghavan, Ram K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Saunders, Ashley B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Goodin, Doug G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Anderson, Gary A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Harkin, Kenneth R.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><jtitle>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Raghavan, Ram K.</au><au>Saunders, Ashley B.</au><au>Goodin, Doug G.</au><au>Anderson, Gary A.</au><au>Harkin, Kenneth R.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Geospatial Risk Factors of Canine American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) (42 Cases: 2000–2012)</atitle><jtitle>Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.)</jtitle><addtitle>Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis</addtitle><date>2015-10-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>15</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>62</spage><epage>610</epage><pages>62-610</pages><issn>1530-3667</issn><eissn>1557-7759</eissn><abstract>American trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease caused by
Trypanosoma cruzi
affects many mammals, including humans and dogs, in all Latin American countries outside the Caribbean and increasingly also in the southern United States. Dogs are considered as reliable sentinels and have been identified as an important risk factor for the disease in humans in endemic countries. Factors that determine American trypanosomiasis in dogs may therefore have public health relevance. Associations of different environmental, locational, and pet owner socioeconomic conditions were evaluated retrospectively as potential risk factors for American trypanosomiasis status in dogs in a case–control study. Laboratory-confirmed cases received at the Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between the years 2000 and 2012 and candidate risk factor variables extracted from publicly available environmental data and 2010 US Census Bureau were used. The sample included 42 dogs serologically positive and 82 dogs serologically negative determined by indirect immunofluorescent assay. The diagnostic titer was 1:160 (case). Univariate logistic regressions followed by stepwise multivariate logistic modeling were used for variable screening and to determine the strengths of variable associations with case status. Total Edge Contrast Index (odds ratio [OR] = 3.35, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.10, 3.62), residing in homes that had rural addresses (OR = 2.48, 95% CI 2.43, 2.53), total number of owner occupied housing units in a neighborhood with a householder who is Hispanic or Latino (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.04, 2.66), and the total number of housing units in a neighborhood that were built on or prior to year 1980 (OR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.94, 2.55) were identified as risk factors. Suitable awareness campaigns and future research that considers pet owner housing and socioeconomic circumstances are necessary for effective prevention and control of this disease among dogs.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Mary Ann Liebert, Inc</pub><pmid>26393300</pmid><doi>10.1089/vbz.2014.1754</doi><tpages>549</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.), 2015-10, Vol.15 (10), p.62-610 |
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| subjects | Animals Case-Control Studies Chagas Disease - epidemiology Chagas Disease - parasitology Chagas Disease - veterinary Child Child, Preschool Dog Diseases - epidemiology Dog Diseases - parasitology Dogs Female Geographic Information Systems Housing Humans Infant Logistic Models Male Original Articles Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Socioeconomic Factors Texas - epidemiology Trypanosoma cruzi Trypanosoma cruzi - immunology Trypanosoma cruzi - isolation & purification Zoonoses |
| title | Geospatial Risk Factors of Canine American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas Disease) (42 Cases: 2000–2012) |
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