Environmental risk factors and hotspot analysis of dengue distribution in Pakistan
This study is an attempt to find out the factors responsible for sudden dengue outbreak in different cities of Pakistan during 2011. For this purpose, spatio-temporal distribution of dengue in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi has been taken into account. According to the available data, th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of biometeorology 2015-11, Vol.59 (11), p.1721-1746 |
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| description | This study is an attempt to find out the factors responsible for sudden dengue outbreak in different cities of Pakistan during 2011. For this purpose, spatio-temporal distribution of dengue in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi has been taken into account. According to the available data, the factors responsible for this spread includes climate covariates like rainfall, temperature, and wind speed; social covariates like population, and area of locality, and environmental risk factors like drainage pattern and geo-hydrological conditions. Reported dengue cases from localities and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 90 m digital elevation model (DEM) of study areas have been processed for hotspots, regression model and stream density in the localities of high dengue incidence. The relationship of daily dengue incidence with climate covariates during the months of July–October of the study year is analyzed. Results show that each dry spell of 2–4 days provides suitable conditions for the development and survival of dengue vectors during the wet months of July and August in the areas of high stream density and population. Very few cases have been reported in July while higher number of cases reported in the months of August, September, until late October. Hotspot analysis highlights the areas of high dengue incidence while regression analysis shows the relationship between the population and the areas of localities with the dengue incidence. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00484-015-0982-1 |
| format | Article |
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For this purpose, spatio-temporal distribution of dengue in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi has been taken into account. According to the available data, the factors responsible for this spread includes climate covariates like rainfall, temperature, and wind speed; social covariates like population, and area of locality, and environmental risk factors like drainage pattern and geo-hydrological conditions. Reported dengue cases from localities and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 90 m digital elevation model (DEM) of study areas have been processed for hotspots, regression model and stream density in the localities of high dengue incidence. The relationship of daily dengue incidence with climate covariates during the months of July–October of the study year is analyzed. Results show that each dry spell of 2–4 days provides suitable conditions for the development and survival of dengue vectors during the wet months of July and August in the areas of high stream density and population. Very few cases have been reported in July while higher number of cases reported in the months of August, September, until late October. Hotspot analysis highlights the areas of high dengue incidence while regression analysis shows the relationship between the population and the areas of localities with the dengue incidence.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0020-7128</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1254</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00484-015-0982-1</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25869291</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Animal Physiology ; Biological and Medical Physics ; Biophysics ; Climate ; Dengue - epidemiology ; Dengue fever ; Disease Outbreaks ; Drainage patterns ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Environmental risk ; Epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Meteorology ; Original Paper ; Pakistan - epidemiology ; Plant Physiology ; Population Density ; Rain ; Regression analysis ; Risk Factors ; Rivers ; Temperature ; Temporal distribution ; Vector-borne diseases ; Wind ; Wind speed</subject><ispartof>International journal of biometeorology, 2015-11, Vol.59 (11), p.1721-1746</ispartof><rights>ISB 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-d4a8056f858760e9b6c2c6a8c698cf08b28c77e3a9b3be25e94277bba91f1b243</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c405t-d4a8056f858760e9b6c2c6a8c698cf08b28c77e3a9b3be25e94277bba91f1b243</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00484-015-0982-1$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00484-015-0982-1$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25869291$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Khalid, Bushra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghaffar, Abdul</creatorcontrib><title>Environmental risk factors and hotspot analysis of dengue distribution in Pakistan</title><title>International journal of biometeorology</title><addtitle>Int J Biometeorol</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Biometeorol</addtitle><description>This study is an attempt to find out the factors responsible for sudden dengue outbreak in different cities of Pakistan during 2011. For this purpose, spatio-temporal distribution of dengue in Islamabad, Rawalpindi, Lahore, and Karachi has been taken into account. According to the available data, the factors responsible for this spread includes climate covariates like rainfall, temperature, and wind speed; social covariates like population, and area of locality, and environmental risk factors like drainage pattern and geo-hydrological conditions. Reported dengue cases from localities and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) 90 m digital elevation model (DEM) of study areas have been processed for hotspots, regression model and stream density in the localities of high dengue incidence. The relationship of daily dengue incidence with climate covariates during the months of July–October of the study year is analyzed. Results show that each dry spell of 2–4 days provides suitable conditions for the development and survival of dengue vectors during the wet months of July and August in the areas of high stream density and population. Very few cases have been reported in July while higher number of cases reported in the months of August, September, until late October. 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epidemiology</topic><topic>Dengue fever</topic><topic>Disease Outbreaks</topic><topic>Drainage patterns</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Environment</topic><topic>Environmental Health</topic><topic>Environmental risk</topic><topic>Epidemiology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Incidence</topic><topic>Least-Squares Analysis</topic><topic>Meteorology</topic><topic>Original Paper</topic><topic>Pakistan - epidemiology</topic><topic>Plant Physiology</topic><topic>Population Density</topic><topic>Rain</topic><topic>Regression analysis</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Rivers</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temporal distribution</topic><topic>Vector-borne diseases</topic><topic>Wind</topic><topic>Wind speed</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Khalid, Bushra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ghaffar, Abdul</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Military Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Sustainability</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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Results show that each dry spell of 2–4 days provides suitable conditions for the development and survival of dengue vectors during the wet months of July and August in the areas of high stream density and population. Very few cases have been reported in July while higher number of cases reported in the months of August, September, until late October. Hotspot analysis highlights the areas of high dengue incidence while regression analysis shows the relationship between the population and the areas of localities with the dengue incidence.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>25869291</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00484-015-0982-1</doi><tpages>26</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animal Physiology Biological and Medical Physics Biophysics Climate Dengue - epidemiology Dengue fever Disease Outbreaks Drainage patterns Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Health Environmental risk Epidemiology Humans Incidence Least-Squares Analysis Meteorology Original Paper Pakistan - epidemiology Plant Physiology Population Density Rain Regression analysis Risk Factors Rivers Temperature Temporal distribution Vector-borne diseases Wind Wind speed |
| title | Environmental risk factors and hotspot analysis of dengue distribution in Pakistan |
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