Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite
An eight-week feeding trial followed by an acute combined stress test of low-salinity and nitrite were performed to evaluate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 shrimp pe...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | Fish & shellfish immunology 2015-04, Vol.43 (2), p.337-345 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | 345 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 2 |
| container_start_page | 337 |
| container_title | Fish & shellfish immunology |
| container_volume | 43 |
| creator | Wang, Yun Li, Zheng Li, Jian Duan, Ya-Fei Niu, Jin Wang, Jun Huang, Zhong Lin, Hei-Zhao |
| description | An eight-week feeding trial followed by an acute combined stress test of low-salinity and nitrite were performed to evaluate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 shrimp per tank) and triplicate tanks were fed with a control diet or diets containing different levels of CGA (100, 200 and 400 mg kg−1 feed) as treatment groups. Growth performance including weight gain (WG), biomass gain (BG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed intake were determined after feeding for 56 days. Antioxidant capacity were evaluated by determining the activity of total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) as well as the gene expression of GSH-Px and CAT in the hepatopancreas of shrimp at the end of feeding trial and again at the end of the combined stress test. The results indicated that supplemention of CGA had no significant effects on the growth performance and the activities of TAS, SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in hepatopancreas of shrimp cultured under normal conditions for 56 days. However, compared with the control group, CGA (200, 400 mg kg−1 feed) significantly improved the resistance of L. vannamei against the combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite, as indicated by the significant (P |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.008 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1727677861</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S1050464815000091</els_id><sourcerecordid>1727677861</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-f613de05099f0c457bb7454e059f7eecdebff2f082c1cfbd29f81fb8817293b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkctu1DAUhiNERUvLA7BBXrIgqZ2LnYgVqspFGqmb7i3HPu54lNjBdjr02Xg5TpjCEla-ff6Off6ieMtoxSjj14fKJlfVlHUVZRWl_YvigtGhK4ehFS-3eUfLlrf9efE6pQOllDecvirO645TPBsuip-31oLOiQRLjIOs4hPR-ynE8ADeaaK0MyR48hDDMe_JAtGGOCuv4QNRPrvwwxkciVYLovlp8xz3LgNJ--jmhexcDgt4BWsij8p7NYMjqzcQid9ME9HBG4cmj0KDq3l0HgxJOUL6_a4pHMukJuc3_8bgJGKJq-LMqinBm-fxsrj_fHt_87Xc3X35dvNpV-qm57m0nDUGtu8Oluq2E-Mo2q7FncEKAG1gtLa2tK8103Y09WB7Zse-Z6IemrG5LN6ftEsM31dIWc4uaZgm5SGsSSImuBA9lvkvyjlt27YWAlF2QnUMKUWwcsF-Yfslo3JLVx4kpiu3dCVlEtPFO--e9es4g_l740-cCHw8AYDteHQQZdIOMCzjIqYsTXD_0P8CuPG6sQ</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1660444277</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present)</source><creator>Wang, Yun ; Li, Zheng ; Li, Jian ; Duan, Ya-Fei ; Niu, Jin ; Wang, Jun ; Huang, Zhong ; Lin, Hei-Zhao</creator><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yun ; Li, Zheng ; Li, Jian ; Duan, Ya-Fei ; Niu, Jin ; Wang, Jun ; Huang, Zhong ; Lin, Hei-Zhao</creatorcontrib><description>An eight-week feeding trial followed by an acute combined stress test of low-salinity and nitrite were performed to evaluate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 shrimp per tank) and triplicate tanks were fed with a control diet or diets containing different levels of CGA (100, 200 and 400 mg kg−1 feed) as treatment groups. Growth performance including weight gain (WG), biomass gain (BG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed intake were determined after feeding for 56 days. Antioxidant capacity were evaluated by determining the activity of total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) as well as the gene expression of GSH-Px and CAT in the hepatopancreas of shrimp at the end of feeding trial and again at the end of the combined stress test. The results indicated that supplemention of CGA had no significant effects on the growth performance and the activities of TAS, SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in hepatopancreas of shrimp cultured under normal conditions for 56 days. However, compared with the control group, CGA (200, 400 mg kg−1 feed) significantly improved the resistance of L. vannamei against the combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite, as indicated by the significant (P < 0.05) higher survival, higher activities of TAS, GSH-Px and CAT, as well as higher transcript levels of GPx and CAT gene in shrimp treated with CGA in the combined tress test. Our findings suggested that CGA possessed dual-modulatory effects on antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei and could be a potential feed additive that can enhance shrimp resistance against environmental stresses. The recommended application dosage is 200 mg kg−1 and further studies are needed to clarify the action model of CGA efficiency.
•Evaluation of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei under normal and stress conditions.•Supplemental CGA significantly improved the survival of L. vannamei exposed to combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.•Supplemental CGA improved the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei against combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.•CGA could be served as a candidate to improve the capacity of shrimp to overcome environmental stresses.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1050-4648</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9947</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25600509</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Animal Feed - analysis ; Animals ; Antioxidant enzymes ; Antioxidants - metabolism ; Aquaculture ; Catalase - genetics ; Catalase - metabolism ; Chlorogenic acid ; Chlorogenic Acid - administration & dosage ; Chlorogenic Acid - metabolism ; Combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite ; Decapoda ; Diet ; Dietary Supplements - analysis ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics ; Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism ; Growth performance ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Nitrites - analysis ; Nitrites - toxicity ; Penaeidae - drug effects ; Penaeidae - enzymology ; Penaeidae - genetics ; Penaeidae - growth & development ; Salinity ; Sodium Chloride - analysis ; Stress, Physiological ; Superoxide Dismutase - genetics ; Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism</subject><ispartof>Fish & shellfish immunology, 2015-04, Vol.43 (2), p.337-345</ispartof><rights>2015 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-f613de05099f0c457bb7454e059f7eecdebff2f082c1cfbd29f81fb8817293b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-f613de05099f0c457bb7454e059f7eecdebff2f082c1cfbd29f81fb8817293b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.008$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27923,27924,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25600509$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Ya-Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niu, Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zhong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Hei-Zhao</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite</title><title>Fish & shellfish immunology</title><addtitle>Fish Shellfish Immunol</addtitle><description>An eight-week feeding trial followed by an acute combined stress test of low-salinity and nitrite were performed to evaluate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 shrimp per tank) and triplicate tanks were fed with a control diet or diets containing different levels of CGA (100, 200 and 400 mg kg−1 feed) as treatment groups. Growth performance including weight gain (WG), biomass gain (BG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed intake were determined after feeding for 56 days. Antioxidant capacity were evaluated by determining the activity of total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) as well as the gene expression of GSH-Px and CAT in the hepatopancreas of shrimp at the end of feeding trial and again at the end of the combined stress test. The results indicated that supplemention of CGA had no significant effects on the growth performance and the activities of TAS, SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in hepatopancreas of shrimp cultured under normal conditions for 56 days. However, compared with the control group, CGA (200, 400 mg kg−1 feed) significantly improved the resistance of L. vannamei against the combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite, as indicated by the significant (P < 0.05) higher survival, higher activities of TAS, GSH-Px and CAT, as well as higher transcript levels of GPx and CAT gene in shrimp treated with CGA in the combined tress test. Our findings suggested that CGA possessed dual-modulatory effects on antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei and could be a potential feed additive that can enhance shrimp resistance against environmental stresses. The recommended application dosage is 200 mg kg−1 and further studies are needed to clarify the action model of CGA efficiency.
•Evaluation of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei under normal and stress conditions.•Supplemental CGA significantly improved the survival of L. vannamei exposed to combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.•Supplemental CGA improved the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei against combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.•CGA could be served as a candidate to improve the capacity of shrimp to overcome environmental stresses.</description><subject>Animal Feed - analysis</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Antioxidant enzymes</subject><subject>Antioxidants - metabolism</subject><subject>Aquaculture</subject><subject>Catalase - genetics</subject><subject>Catalase - metabolism</subject><subject>Chlorogenic acid</subject><subject>Chlorogenic Acid - administration & dosage</subject><subject>Chlorogenic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite</subject><subject>Decapoda</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Dietary Supplements - analysis</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation</subject><subject>Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics</subject><subject>Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism</subject><subject>Growth performance</subject><subject>Litopenaeus vannamei</subject><subject>Nitrites - analysis</subject><subject>Nitrites - toxicity</subject><subject>Penaeidae - drug effects</subject><subject>Penaeidae - enzymology</subject><subject>Penaeidae - genetics</subject><subject>Penaeidae - growth & development</subject><subject>Salinity</subject><subject>Sodium Chloride - analysis</subject><subject>Stress, Physiological</subject><subject>Superoxide Dismutase - genetics</subject><subject>Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism</subject><issn>1050-4648</issn><issn>1095-9947</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkctu1DAUhiNERUvLA7BBXrIgqZ2LnYgVqspFGqmb7i3HPu54lNjBdjr02Xg5TpjCEla-ff6Off6ieMtoxSjj14fKJlfVlHUVZRWl_YvigtGhK4ehFS-3eUfLlrf9efE6pQOllDecvirO645TPBsuip-31oLOiQRLjIOs4hPR-ynE8ADeaaK0MyR48hDDMe_JAtGGOCuv4QNRPrvwwxkciVYLovlp8xz3LgNJ--jmhexcDgt4BWsij8p7NYMjqzcQid9ME9HBG4cmj0KDq3l0HgxJOUL6_a4pHMukJuc3_8bgJGKJq-LMqinBm-fxsrj_fHt_87Xc3X35dvNpV-qm57m0nDUGtu8Oluq2E-Mo2q7FncEKAG1gtLa2tK8103Y09WB7Zse-Z6IemrG5LN6ftEsM31dIWc4uaZgm5SGsSSImuBA9lvkvyjlt27YWAlF2QnUMKUWwcsF-Yfslo3JLVx4kpiu3dCVlEtPFO--e9es4g_l740-cCHw8AYDteHQQZdIOMCzjIqYsTXD_0P8CuPG6sQ</recordid><startdate>201504</startdate><enddate>201504</enddate><creator>Wang, Yun</creator><creator>Li, Zheng</creator><creator>Li, Jian</creator><creator>Duan, Ya-Fei</creator><creator>Niu, Jin</creator><creator>Wang, Jun</creator><creator>Huang, Zhong</creator><creator>Lin, Hei-Zhao</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>H98</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201504</creationdate><title>Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite</title><author>Wang, Yun ; Li, Zheng ; Li, Jian ; Duan, Ya-Fei ; Niu, Jin ; Wang, Jun ; Huang, Zhong ; Lin, Hei-Zhao</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c386t-f613de05099f0c457bb7454e059f7eecdebff2f082c1cfbd29f81fb8817293b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Animal Feed - analysis</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Antioxidant enzymes</topic><topic>Antioxidants - metabolism</topic><topic>Aquaculture</topic><topic>Catalase - genetics</topic><topic>Catalase - metabolism</topic><topic>Chlorogenic acid</topic><topic>Chlorogenic Acid - administration & dosage</topic><topic>Chlorogenic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite</topic><topic>Decapoda</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Dietary Supplements - analysis</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation</topic><topic>Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics</topic><topic>Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism</topic><topic>Growth performance</topic><topic>Litopenaeus vannamei</topic><topic>Nitrites - analysis</topic><topic>Nitrites - toxicity</topic><topic>Penaeidae - drug effects</topic><topic>Penaeidae - enzymology</topic><topic>Penaeidae - genetics</topic><topic>Penaeidae - growth & development</topic><topic>Salinity</topic><topic>Sodium Chloride - analysis</topic><topic>Stress, Physiological</topic><topic>Superoxide Dismutase - genetics</topic><topic>Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Duan, Ya-Fei</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Niu, Jin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Jun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Zhong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lin, Hei-Zhao</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Aquaculture Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>Fish & shellfish immunology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, Yun</au><au>Li, Zheng</au><au>Li, Jian</au><au>Duan, Ya-Fei</au><au>Niu, Jin</au><au>Wang, Jun</au><au>Huang, Zhong</au><au>Lin, Hei-Zhao</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite</atitle><jtitle>Fish & shellfish immunology</jtitle><addtitle>Fish Shellfish Immunol</addtitle><date>2015-04</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>43</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>337</spage><epage>345</epage><pages>337-345</pages><issn>1050-4648</issn><eissn>1095-9947</eissn><abstract>An eight-week feeding trial followed by an acute combined stress test of low-salinity and nitrite were performed to evaluate effects of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimp were randomly allocated in 12 tanks (30 shrimp per tank) and triplicate tanks were fed with a control diet or diets containing different levels of CGA (100, 200 and 400 mg kg−1 feed) as treatment groups. Growth performance including weight gain (WG), biomass gain (BG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and feed intake were determined after feeding for 56 days. Antioxidant capacity were evaluated by determining the activity of total antioxidant status (TAS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) as well as the gene expression of GSH-Px and CAT in the hepatopancreas of shrimp at the end of feeding trial and again at the end of the combined stress test. The results indicated that supplemention of CGA had no significant effects on the growth performance and the activities of TAS, SOD, GSH-Px and CAT in hepatopancreas of shrimp cultured under normal conditions for 56 days. However, compared with the control group, CGA (200, 400 mg kg−1 feed) significantly improved the resistance of L. vannamei against the combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite, as indicated by the significant (P < 0.05) higher survival, higher activities of TAS, GSH-Px and CAT, as well as higher transcript levels of GPx and CAT gene in shrimp treated with CGA in the combined tress test. Our findings suggested that CGA possessed dual-modulatory effects on antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei and could be a potential feed additive that can enhance shrimp resistance against environmental stresses. The recommended application dosage is 200 mg kg−1 and further studies are needed to clarify the action model of CGA efficiency.
•Evaluation of chlorogenic acid (CGA) on growth performance and antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei under normal and stress conditions.•Supplemental CGA significantly improved the survival of L. vannamei exposed to combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.•Supplemental CGA improved the antioxidant capacity of L. vannamei against combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite.•CGA could be served as a candidate to improve the capacity of shrimp to overcome environmental stresses.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>25600509</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.008</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1050-4648 |
| ispartof | Fish & shellfish immunology, 2015-04, Vol.43 (2), p.337-345 |
| issn | 1050-4648 1095-9947 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1727677861 |
| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Animal Feed - analysis Animals Antioxidant enzymes Antioxidants - metabolism Aquaculture Catalase - genetics Catalase - metabolism Chlorogenic acid Chlorogenic Acid - administration & dosage Chlorogenic Acid - metabolism Combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite Decapoda Diet Dietary Supplements - analysis Gene Expression Regulation Glutathione Peroxidase - genetics Glutathione Peroxidase - metabolism Growth performance Litopenaeus vannamei Nitrites - analysis Nitrites - toxicity Penaeidae - drug effects Penaeidae - enzymology Penaeidae - genetics Penaeidae - growth & development Salinity Sodium Chloride - analysis Stress, Physiological Superoxide Dismutase - genetics Superoxide Dismutase - metabolism |
| title | Effects of dietary chlorogenic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under normal condition and combined stress of low-salinity and nitrite |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-12T16%3A26%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects%20of%20dietary%20chlorogenic%20acid%20on%20growth%20performance,%20antioxidant%20capacity%20of%20white%20shrimp%20Litopenaeus%20vannamei%20under%20normal%20condition%20and%20combined%20stress%20of%20low-salinity%20and%20nitrite&rft.jtitle=Fish%20&%20shellfish%20immunology&rft.au=Wang,%20Yun&rft.date=2015-04&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=337&rft.epage=345&rft.pages=337-345&rft.issn=1050-4648&rft.eissn=1095-9947&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.008&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1727677861%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1660444277&rft_id=info:pmid/25600509&rft_els_id=S1050464815000091&rfr_iscdi=true |