Rates and patterns of urban expansion in China’s 32 major cities over the past three decades
CONTEXT: Rates, patterns, and consequences of urban expansion are drawing increasing attention globally because of their profound impacts on socioeconomics, human life, and the environment. Horizontal comparative studies across multiple cities over large geographic regions are rare. OBJECTIVES: We q...
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description | CONTEXT: Rates, patterns, and consequences of urban expansion are drawing increasing attention globally because of their profound impacts on socioeconomics, human life, and the environment. Horizontal comparative studies across multiple cities over large geographic regions are rare. OBJECTIVES: We quantified and compared the magnitude and forms of urban expansion for China’s 32 major cities, and examined the spatiotemporal evolution of urban growth and trajectory of patch structure formation. METHODS: Multi-temporal Landsat data of circa 1978, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010, patch-based analyses, and urban growth metrics were used. RESULTS: These 32 major cities have experienced extensive expansion during the study period. Leapfrogging was the dominant urban expansion form, followed by edge-expansion and infilling in the early time periods. Interestingly, the fractions of infilling, edge-expansion, and leapfrogging has gradually reached a quasi-equilibrium condition with a ratio of 2:4:4 (the number) and 2:5:3 (the area) during recent years. Patch analysis suggested that these cities evolved under a nationally-consistent converged urban patch structure regardless of city size, location, and history. The dynamics of urban growth in China corresponded well with its socioeconomic and political geography and the phased implementation of various regional and national policies. CONCLUSIONS: Our results generally supported the continuum of diffusion-coalescence urbanization process and a spatial self-organization of urban land patches during urbanization. More studies are needed to test the generality of urban growth hypothesis and examine the universality of converged urban patch structure across regions and countries and to understand their implications to city organization, metabolism, and evolution. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10980-015-0211-7 |
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Horizontal comparative studies across multiple cities over large geographic regions are rare. OBJECTIVES: We quantified and compared the magnitude and forms of urban expansion for China’s 32 major cities, and examined the spatiotemporal evolution of urban growth and trajectory of patch structure formation. METHODS: Multi-temporal Landsat data of circa 1978, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010, patch-based analyses, and urban growth metrics were used. RESULTS: These 32 major cities have experienced extensive expansion during the study period. Leapfrogging was the dominant urban expansion form, followed by edge-expansion and infilling in the early time periods. Interestingly, the fractions of infilling, edge-expansion, and leapfrogging has gradually reached a quasi-equilibrium condition with a ratio of 2:4:4 (the number) and 2:5:3 (the area) during recent years. Patch analysis suggested that these cities evolved under a nationally-consistent converged urban patch structure regardless of city size, location, and history. The dynamics of urban growth in China corresponded well with its socioeconomic and political geography and the phased implementation of various regional and national policies. CONCLUSIONS: Our results generally supported the continuum of diffusion-coalescence urbanization process and a spatial self-organization of urban land patches during urbanization. More studies are needed to test the generality of urban growth hypothesis and examine the universality of converged urban patch structure across regions and countries and to understand their implications to city organization, metabolism, and evolution.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0921-2973</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1572-9761</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10980-015-0211-7</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands</publisher><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences ; Cities ; Coalescence ; Comparative studies ; Ecology ; Environmental Management ; evolution ; Geography ; humans ; issues and policy ; Landsat ; Landscape Ecology ; Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning ; Life Sciences ; metabolism ; Nature Conservation ; politics ; Population growth ; Remote sensing ; Research Article ; Socioeconomics ; Sustainable Development ; Urban areas ; Urban sprawl ; Urbanization</subject><ispartof>Landscape ecology, 2015-10, Vol.30 (8), p.1541-1559</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-5f46ab9b5e71667b7e009f7f6af82f53383765cb2556555be0155c1edd08db2d3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-5f46ab9b5e71667b7e009f7f6af82f53383765cb2556555be0155c1edd08db2d3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10980-015-0211-7$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10980-015-0211-7$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Shuqing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Decheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qu, Wenyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Jiajia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Dian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Wenjia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuguang</creatorcontrib><title>Rates and patterns of urban expansion in China’s 32 major cities over the past three decades</title><title>Landscape ecology</title><addtitle>Landscape Ecol</addtitle><description>CONTEXT: Rates, patterns, and consequences of urban expansion are drawing increasing attention globally because of their profound impacts on socioeconomics, human life, and the environment. Horizontal comparative studies across multiple cities over large geographic regions are rare. OBJECTIVES: We quantified and compared the magnitude and forms of urban expansion for China’s 32 major cities, and examined the spatiotemporal evolution of urban growth and trajectory of patch structure formation. METHODS: Multi-temporal Landsat data of circa 1978, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010, patch-based analyses, and urban growth metrics were used. RESULTS: These 32 major cities have experienced extensive expansion during the study period. Leapfrogging was the dominant urban expansion form, followed by edge-expansion and infilling in the early time periods. Interestingly, the fractions of infilling, edge-expansion, and leapfrogging has gradually reached a quasi-equilibrium condition with a ratio of 2:4:4 (the number) and 2:5:3 (the area) during recent years. Patch analysis suggested that these cities evolved under a nationally-consistent converged urban patch structure regardless of city size, location, and history. The dynamics of urban growth in China corresponded well with its socioeconomic and political geography and the phased implementation of various regional and national policies. CONCLUSIONS: Our results generally supported the continuum of diffusion-coalescence urbanization process and a spatial self-organization of urban land patches during urbanization. More studies are needed to test the generality of urban growth hypothesis and examine the universality of converged urban patch structure across regions and countries and to understand their implications to city organization, metabolism, and evolution.</description><subject>Biomedical and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cities</subject><subject>Coalescence</subject><subject>Comparative studies</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Environmental Management</subject><subject>evolution</subject><subject>Geography</subject><subject>humans</subject><subject>issues and policy</subject><subject>Landsat</subject><subject>Landscape Ecology</subject><subject>Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning</subject><subject>Life Sciences</subject><subject>metabolism</subject><subject>Nature Conservation</subject><subject>politics</subject><subject>Population growth</subject><subject>Remote sensing</subject><subject>Research Article</subject><subject>Socioeconomics</subject><subject>Sustainable Development</subject><subject>Urban areas</subject><subject>Urban sprawl</subject><subject>Urbanization</subject><issn>0921-2973</issn><issn>1572-9761</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMFOGzEURa0KpKahH9AVlth0M_Bsx-OZJYpoi4SEBM0WyzPznEyU2MFvgmDX3-jv8SU4GhZVF6z8FudcXV_Gvgk4FwDmggTUFRQgdAFSiMJ8YhOhjSxqU4ojNoFaikLWRn1mX4jWAKAUwIQ93LkBibvQ8Z0bBkyBePR8nxoXOD7vXKA-Bt4HPl_1wb3--UtcSb5165h42w99luMTJj6sMCfQkI-EyDtsXYd0wo692xB-fX-nbPHj6vf8V3Fz-_N6fnlTtLOZGgrtZ6Vr6kajEWVpGoMAtTe-dL6SXitVKVPqtpFal1rrBvM_dSuw66DqGtmpKfs-5u5SfNwjDXbbU4ubjQsY92SFkVKYqip1Rs_-Q9dxn0JulymoTKX17ECJkWpTJEro7S71W5derAB7WNyOi9vcxB4WtyY7cnQos2GJ6Z_kD6TTUfIuWrdMPdnFvcwAgJRQ58JvfSuL9Q</recordid><startdate>20151001</startdate><enddate>20151001</enddate><creator>Zhao, Shuqing</creator><creator>Zhou, Decheng</creator><creator>Zhu, Chao</creator><creator>Qu, Wenyuan</creator><creator>Zhao, Jiajia</creator><creator>Sun, Yan</creator><creator>Huang, Dian</creator><creator>Wu, Wenjia</creator><creator>Liu, Shuguang</creator><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7U6</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151001</creationdate><title>Rates and patterns of urban expansion in China’s 32 major cities over the past three decades</title><author>Zhao, Shuqing ; Zhou, Decheng ; Zhu, Chao ; Qu, Wenyuan ; Zhao, Jiajia ; Sun, Yan ; Huang, Dian ; Wu, Wenjia ; Liu, Shuguang</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c443t-5f46ab9b5e71667b7e009f7f6af82f53383765cb2556555be0155c1edd08db2d3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Biomedical and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cities</topic><topic>Coalescence</topic><topic>Comparative studies</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Environmental Management</topic><topic>evolution</topic><topic>Geography</topic><topic>humans</topic><topic>issues and policy</topic><topic>Landsat</topic><topic>Landscape Ecology</topic><topic>Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning</topic><topic>Life Sciences</topic><topic>metabolism</topic><topic>Nature Conservation</topic><topic>politics</topic><topic>Population growth</topic><topic>Remote sensing</topic><topic>Research Article</topic><topic>Socioeconomics</topic><topic>Sustainable Development</topic><topic>Urban areas</topic><topic>Urban sprawl</topic><topic>Urbanization</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Shuqing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Decheng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhu, Chao</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qu, Wenyuan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Jiajia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sun, Yan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huang, Dian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wu, Wenjia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Shuguang</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Landscape ecology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Zhao, Shuqing</au><au>Zhou, Decheng</au><au>Zhu, Chao</au><au>Qu, Wenyuan</au><au>Zhao, Jiajia</au><au>Sun, Yan</au><au>Huang, Dian</au><au>Wu, Wenjia</au><au>Liu, Shuguang</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Rates and patterns of urban expansion in China’s 32 major cities over the past three decades</atitle><jtitle>Landscape ecology</jtitle><stitle>Landscape Ecol</stitle><date>2015-10-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>30</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>1541</spage><epage>1559</epage><pages>1541-1559</pages><issn>0921-2973</issn><eissn>1572-9761</eissn><abstract>CONTEXT: Rates, patterns, and consequences of urban expansion are drawing increasing attention globally because of their profound impacts on socioeconomics, human life, and the environment. Horizontal comparative studies across multiple cities over large geographic regions are rare. OBJECTIVES: We quantified and compared the magnitude and forms of urban expansion for China’s 32 major cities, and examined the spatiotemporal evolution of urban growth and trajectory of patch structure formation. METHODS: Multi-temporal Landsat data of circa 1978, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, and 2010, patch-based analyses, and urban growth metrics were used. RESULTS: These 32 major cities have experienced extensive expansion during the study period. Leapfrogging was the dominant urban expansion form, followed by edge-expansion and infilling in the early time periods. Interestingly, the fractions of infilling, edge-expansion, and leapfrogging has gradually reached a quasi-equilibrium condition with a ratio of 2:4:4 (the number) and 2:5:3 (the area) during recent years. Patch analysis suggested that these cities evolved under a nationally-consistent converged urban patch structure regardless of city size, location, and history. The dynamics of urban growth in China corresponded well with its socioeconomic and political geography and the phased implementation of various regional and national policies. CONCLUSIONS: Our results generally supported the continuum of diffusion-coalescence urbanization process and a spatial self-organization of urban land patches during urbanization. More studies are needed to test the generality of urban growth hypothesis and examine the universality of converged urban patch structure across regions and countries and to understand their implications to city organization, metabolism, and evolution.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer Netherlands</pub><doi>10.1007/s10980-015-0211-7</doi><tpages>19</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Biomedical and Life Sciences Cities Coalescence Comparative studies Ecology Environmental Management evolution Geography humans issues and policy Landsat Landscape Ecology Landscape/Regional and Urban Planning Life Sciences metabolism Nature Conservation politics Population growth Remote sensing Research Article Socioeconomics Sustainable Development Urban areas Urban sprawl Urbanization |
title | Rates and patterns of urban expansion in China’s 32 major cities over the past three decades |
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