Feedback processes responsible for El Niño-La Niña amplitude asymmetry
To analyze El Niño‐La Niña asymmetry, Bjerknes Stability Index analysis applied separately for El Niño and La Niña events. The growth rate of the El Niño is larger than that of the La Niña. Their difference is mainly due to an increased positive dynamical feedback. The enhanced sensitivity of the oc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Geophysical research letters 2015-07, Vol.42 (13), p.5556-5563 |
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| creator | Im, Seul-Hee An, Soon-Il Kim, Seon Tae Jin, Fei-Fei |
| description | To analyze El Niño‐La Niña asymmetry, Bjerknes Stability Index analysis applied separately for El Niño and La Niña events. The growth rate of the El Niño is larger than that of the La Niña. Their difference is mainly due to an increased positive dynamical feedback. The enhanced sensitivity of the ocean's dynamic response to wind stress in El Niño is a primary cause for the increase in the positive dynamical feedbacks and is originated from the nonlinear response of atmospheric pattern to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, in particular the eastward shift of maximum wind loading and the equator‐confined wind patch during El Niño. The sensitivity of the wind intensity to SST anomalies is larger during El Niño; however, its impact is not greater than others. Difference in the negative feedbacks is mainly attributed to the damping by shortwave feedback, with the latent heat flux feedback being a secondary contributor.
Key Points
Larger El Niño is due to the larger ocean dynamic sensitivity to SST forcing
Ocean response to SST is related to the nonlinearity of wind's pattern to SST
Larger damping of El Niño is mainly due to shortwave feedback |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/2015GL064853 |
| format | Article |
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Key Points
Larger El Niño is due to the larger ocean dynamic sensitivity to SST forcing
Ocean response to SST is related to the nonlinearity of wind's pattern to SST
Larger damping of El Niño is mainly due to shortwave feedback</description><identifier>ISSN: 0094-8276</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1944-8007</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/2015GL064853</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Amplitude ; amplitude asymmetry ; Anomalies ; Asymmetry ; Bjerknes stability index ; Damping ; Dynamic response ; El Nino ; El Niño-La Niña asymmetry ; ENSO feedback ; Equator ; Feedback ; Growth rate ; Heat ; Heat flux ; Heat transfer ; La Nina ; La Nina events ; Latent heat ; Latent heat flux ; Meteorology ; nonlinear wind response ; Nonlinearity ; Ocean currents ; Ocean dynamics ; Ocean temperature ; Sea surface ; Sea surface temperature ; Sensitivity enhancement ; Stability ; Stability analysis ; Stresses ; Surface temperature ; Temperature effects ; Wind ; Wind stress</subject><ispartof>Geophysical research letters, 2015-07, Vol.42 (13), p.5556-5563</ispartof><rights>2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5429-20ad98ff048d979f760bea9785cf170242b67e5a5bda34cd2687e9a3bb0154453</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5429-20ad98ff048d979f760bea9785cf170242b67e5a5bda34cd2687e9a3bb0154453</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2F2015GL064853$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2F2015GL064853$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,778,782,1414,1430,11497,27907,27908,45557,45558,46392,46451,46816,46875</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Im, Seul-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>An, Soon-Il</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Seon Tae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Fei-Fei</creatorcontrib><title>Feedback processes responsible for El Niño-La Niña amplitude asymmetry</title><title>Geophysical research letters</title><addtitle>Geophys. Res. Lett</addtitle><description>To analyze El Niño‐La Niña asymmetry, Bjerknes Stability Index analysis applied separately for El Niño and La Niña events. The growth rate of the El Niño is larger than that of the La Niña. Their difference is mainly due to an increased positive dynamical feedback. The enhanced sensitivity of the ocean's dynamic response to wind stress in El Niño is a primary cause for the increase in the positive dynamical feedbacks and is originated from the nonlinear response of atmospheric pattern to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, in particular the eastward shift of maximum wind loading and the equator‐confined wind patch during El Niño. The sensitivity of the wind intensity to SST anomalies is larger during El Niño; however, its impact is not greater than others. Difference in the negative feedbacks is mainly attributed to the damping by shortwave feedback, with the latent heat flux feedback being a secondary contributor.
Key Points
Larger El Niño is due to the larger ocean dynamic sensitivity to SST forcing
Ocean response to SST is related to the nonlinearity of wind's pattern to SST
Larger damping of El Niño is mainly due to shortwave feedback</description><subject>Amplitude</subject><subject>amplitude asymmetry</subject><subject>Anomalies</subject><subject>Asymmetry</subject><subject>Bjerknes stability index</subject><subject>Damping</subject><subject>Dynamic response</subject><subject>El Nino</subject><subject>El Niño-La Niña asymmetry</subject><subject>ENSO feedback</subject><subject>Equator</subject><subject>Feedback</subject><subject>Growth rate</subject><subject>Heat</subject><subject>Heat flux</subject><subject>Heat transfer</subject><subject>La Nina</subject><subject>La Nina events</subject><subject>Latent heat</subject><subject>Latent heat flux</subject><subject>Meteorology</subject><subject>nonlinear wind response</subject><subject>Nonlinearity</subject><subject>Ocean currents</subject><subject>Ocean dynamics</subject><subject>Ocean temperature</subject><subject>Sea surface</subject><subject>Sea surface temperature</subject><subject>Sensitivity enhancement</subject><subject>Stability</subject><subject>Stability analysis</subject><subject>Stresses</subject><subject>Surface temperature</subject><subject>Temperature effects</subject><subject>Wind</subject><subject>Wind stress</subject><issn>0094-8276</issn><issn>1944-8007</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqN0ctKw0AUBuBBFKzVnQ8QcOPC6JlbJrMU0SqECl6Lm2GSnEDapKkzLdrH8hl8MUcrIi6KqzmL7z_MzyFkn8IxBWAnDKgcZJCIVPIN0qNaiDgFUJukB6DDzFSyTXa8HwMAB0575PICscxtMYlmrivQe_SRQz_rpr7OG4yqzkXnTTSs39-6OLNfg41sO2vq-aLEyPpl2-LcLXfJVmUbj3vfb5_cX5zfnV3G2fXg6uw0iwspmI4Z2FKnVQUiLbXSlUogR6tVKouKKmCC5YlCaWVeWi6KkiWpQm15noduQkjeJ4erveG_zwv0c9PWvsCmsVPsFt5QRVOtZErVPyhoqhLFk0AP_tBxt3DTUMRQTUED52K9SrTmTAgGQR2tVOE67x1WZubq1rqloWA-72R-3ylwtuIvdYPLtdYMbjLJqdQhFK9CtZ_j60_IuokJfZQ0j8OBUXIkn0a30jzwD49DoMw</recordid><startdate>20150716</startdate><enddate>20150716</enddate><creator>Im, Seul-Hee</creator><creator>An, Soon-Il</creator><creator>Kim, Seon Tae</creator><creator>Jin, Fei-Fei</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>John Wiley & Sons, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150716</creationdate><title>Feedback processes responsible for El Niño-La Niña amplitude asymmetry</title><author>Im, Seul-Hee ; An, Soon-Il ; Kim, Seon Tae ; Jin, Fei-Fei</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5429-20ad98ff048d979f760bea9785cf170242b67e5a5bda34cd2687e9a3bb0154453</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Amplitude</topic><topic>amplitude asymmetry</topic><topic>Anomalies</topic><topic>Asymmetry</topic><topic>Bjerknes stability index</topic><topic>Damping</topic><topic>Dynamic response</topic><topic>El Nino</topic><topic>El Niño-La Niña asymmetry</topic><topic>ENSO feedback</topic><topic>Equator</topic><topic>Feedback</topic><topic>Growth rate</topic><topic>Heat</topic><topic>Heat flux</topic><topic>Heat transfer</topic><topic>La Nina</topic><topic>La Nina events</topic><topic>Latent heat</topic><topic>Latent heat flux</topic><topic>Meteorology</topic><topic>nonlinear wind response</topic><topic>Nonlinearity</topic><topic>Ocean currents</topic><topic>Ocean dynamics</topic><topic>Ocean temperature</topic><topic>Sea surface</topic><topic>Sea surface temperature</topic><topic>Sensitivity enhancement</topic><topic>Stability</topic><topic>Stability analysis</topic><topic>Stresses</topic><topic>Surface temperature</topic><topic>Temperature effects</topic><topic>Wind</topic><topic>Wind stress</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Im, Seul-Hee</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>An, Soon-Il</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Seon Tae</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jin, Fei-Fei</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Im, Seul-Hee</au><au>An, Soon-Il</au><au>Kim, Seon Tae</au><au>Jin, Fei-Fei</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Feedback processes responsible for El Niño-La Niña amplitude asymmetry</atitle><jtitle>Geophysical research letters</jtitle><addtitle>Geophys. Res. Lett</addtitle><date>2015-07-16</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>42</volume><issue>13</issue><spage>5556</spage><epage>5563</epage><pages>5556-5563</pages><issn>0094-8276</issn><eissn>1944-8007</eissn><abstract>To analyze El Niño‐La Niña asymmetry, Bjerknes Stability Index analysis applied separately for El Niño and La Niña events. The growth rate of the El Niño is larger than that of the La Niña. Their difference is mainly due to an increased positive dynamical feedback. The enhanced sensitivity of the ocean's dynamic response to wind stress in El Niño is a primary cause for the increase in the positive dynamical feedbacks and is originated from the nonlinear response of atmospheric pattern to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, in particular the eastward shift of maximum wind loading and the equator‐confined wind patch during El Niño. The sensitivity of the wind intensity to SST anomalies is larger during El Niño; however, its impact is not greater than others. Difference in the negative feedbacks is mainly attributed to the damping by shortwave feedback, with the latent heat flux feedback being a secondary contributor.
Key Points
Larger El Niño is due to the larger ocean dynamic sensitivity to SST forcing
Ocean response to SST is related to the nonlinearity of wind's pattern to SST
Larger damping of El Niño is mainly due to shortwave feedback</abstract><cop>Washington</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/2015GL064853</doi><tpages>8</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Geophysical research letters, 2015-07, Vol.42 (13), p.5556-5563 |
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| source | Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; Wiley Free Content; Wiley-Blackwell AGU Digital Library |
| subjects | Amplitude amplitude asymmetry Anomalies Asymmetry Bjerknes stability index Damping Dynamic response El Nino El Niño-La Niña asymmetry ENSO feedback Equator Feedback Growth rate Heat Heat flux Heat transfer La Nina La Nina events Latent heat Latent heat flux Meteorology nonlinear wind response Nonlinearity Ocean currents Ocean dynamics Ocean temperature Sea surface Sea surface temperature Sensitivity enhancement Stability Stability analysis Stresses Surface temperature Temperature effects Wind Wind stress |
| title | Feedback processes responsible for El Niño-La Niña amplitude asymmetry |
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