Joint Association of Active and Passive Smoking with Psychiatric Distress and Violence Behaviors in a Representative Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study
Background Mental health and smoking have been receiving increasing attention in adolescents all over the world. Although some studies have assessed the independent association of active/passive smoking with mental health, joint association of active and passive smoking with mental health remains un...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of behavioral medicine 2015-10, Vol.22 (5), p.652-661 |
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| creator | Kelishadi, Roya Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr Qorbani, Mostafa Ahadi, Zeinab Heshmat, Ramin Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil Ardalan, Gelayol Ataie-Jafari, Asal Asayesh, Hamid Mohammadi, Rasool |
| description | Background
Mental health and smoking have been receiving increasing attention in adolescents all over the world. Although some studies have assessed the independent association of active/passive smoking with mental health, joint association of active and passive smoking with mental health remains unclear.
Purpose
This study was designed to evaluate the joint association of smoking status (active and passive smoking) with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in Iranian children and adolescents.
Method
In this national survey, 13,486 students, aged 6–18 years, living in rural and urban areas of 30 provinces of Iran were selected via multistage, cluster sampling method. Psychiatric distress (including worthless, angriness, worrying, insomnia, confusion, depression, and anxiety), violence behaviors (including bullying, victim, and physical fight), and smoking status (nonsmoker, only passive smoker, only active smoker, and active and passive smoker) were assessed. The questionnaire was prepared based on the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS). Data were analyzed by the Stata package.
Results
Psychiatric distress and violent behaviors had linearly positive association with smoking status (
p
trend |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12529-015-9462-6 |
| format | Article |
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Mental health and smoking have been receiving increasing attention in adolescents all over the world. Although some studies have assessed the independent association of active/passive smoking with mental health, joint association of active and passive smoking with mental health remains unclear.
Purpose
This study was designed to evaluate the joint association of smoking status (active and passive smoking) with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in Iranian children and adolescents.
Method
In this national survey, 13,486 students, aged 6–18 years, living in rural and urban areas of 30 provinces of Iran were selected via multistage, cluster sampling method. Psychiatric distress (including worthless, angriness, worrying, insomnia, confusion, depression, and anxiety), violence behaviors (including bullying, victim, and physical fight), and smoking status (nonsmoker, only passive smoker, only active smoker, and active and passive smoker) were assessed. The questionnaire was prepared based on the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS). Data were analyzed by the Stata package.
Results
Psychiatric distress and violent behaviors had linearly positive association with smoking status (
p
trend < 0.001). Compared to “nonsmoker” group, participants who were exposed to passive smoking besides active tobacco use were at increased risk of having angriness (odds ratio (OR) 2.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.86–3.48), worrying (OR 1.66, 95 % CI 1.24–2.20), and anxiety (OR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.52–2.61) and victim (OR 1.77, 95 % CI 1.34–2.33) and bully behaviors (OR 3.08, 95 % CI 2.33–4.07).
Conclusion
The current findings suggest that active and passive tobacco smoking has synergistic effect on psychiatric distress. Since majority of smokers with psychiatric distress do not receive mental health services or counseling on smoking, strategies to address mental health problems and smoking prevention should be included as a part of school health services.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1070-5503</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1532-7558</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12529-015-9462-6</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25608459</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York: Springer US</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Aggression - psychology ; Anxiety - epidemiology ; Bullying - statistics & numerical data ; Child ; Child & adolescent psychiatry ; Depression - epidemiology ; Emotional disorders ; Family Medicine ; Female ; General Practice ; Health Psychology ; Humans ; Iran - epidemiology ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Mental Health ; Smoking ; Smoking - psychology ; Students - psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tobacco smoke ; Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data ; Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology ; Violence ; Violence - statistics & numerical data</subject><ispartof>International journal of behavioral medicine, 2015-10, Vol.22 (5), p.652-661</ispartof><rights>International Society of Behavioral Medicine 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-7f51a5108ade54faabccedc092542bc97dba91ebd731f33321bf61959036fb6a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-7f51a5108ade54faabccedc092542bc97dba91ebd731f33321bf61959036fb6a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12529-015-9462-6$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12529-015-9462-6$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25608459$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kelishadi, Roya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qorbani, Mostafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahadi, Zeinab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heshmat, Ramin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ardalan, Gelayol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ataie-Jafari, Asal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asayesh, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammadi, Rasool</creatorcontrib><title>Joint Association of Active and Passive Smoking with Psychiatric Distress and Violence Behaviors in a Representative Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study</title><title>International journal of behavioral medicine</title><addtitle>Int.J. Behav. Med</addtitle><addtitle>Int J Behav Med</addtitle><description>Background
Mental health and smoking have been receiving increasing attention in adolescents all over the world. Although some studies have assessed the independent association of active/passive smoking with mental health, joint association of active and passive smoking with mental health remains unclear.
Purpose
This study was designed to evaluate the joint association of smoking status (active and passive smoking) with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in Iranian children and adolescents.
Method
In this national survey, 13,486 students, aged 6–18 years, living in rural and urban areas of 30 provinces of Iran were selected via multistage, cluster sampling method. Psychiatric distress (including worthless, angriness, worrying, insomnia, confusion, depression, and anxiety), violence behaviors (including bullying, victim, and physical fight), and smoking status (nonsmoker, only passive smoker, only active smoker, and active and passive smoker) were assessed. The questionnaire was prepared based on the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS). Data were analyzed by the Stata package.
Results
Psychiatric distress and violent behaviors had linearly positive association with smoking status (
p
trend < 0.001). Compared to “nonsmoker” group, participants who were exposed to passive smoking besides active tobacco use were at increased risk of having angriness (odds ratio (OR) 2.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.86–3.48), worrying (OR 1.66, 95 % CI 1.24–2.20), and anxiety (OR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.52–2.61) and victim (OR 1.77, 95 % CI 1.34–2.33) and bully behaviors (OR 3.08, 95 % CI 2.33–4.07).
Conclusion
The current findings suggest that active and passive tobacco smoking has synergistic effect on psychiatric distress. Since majority of smokers with psychiatric distress do not receive mental health services or counseling on smoking, strategies to address mental health problems and smoking prevention should be included as a part of school health services.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Aggression - psychology</subject><subject>Anxiety - epidemiology</subject><subject>Bullying - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child & adolescent psychiatry</subject><subject>Depression - epidemiology</subject><subject>Emotional disorders</subject><subject>Family Medicine</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General Practice</subject><subject>Health Psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iran - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Mental Health</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Smoking - psychology</subject><subject>Students - psychology</subject><subject>Surveys and Questionnaires</subject><subject>Tobacco smoke</subject><subject>Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data</subject><subject>Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology</subject><subject>Violence</subject><subject>Violence - statistics & numerical data</subject><issn>1070-5503</issn><issn>1532-7558</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kcFu1DAQhiMEoqXwAFyQJS5cArYTx2tuYaGwqIIVC71GjjNpXLL24nFa7YPxfji7BSEkTjPSfPPNSH-WPWX0JaNUvkLGBVc5ZSJXZcXz6l52ykTBcynE4n7qqaS5ELQ4yR4hXlNKhZT0YXbCRUUXpVCn2c-P3rpIakRvrI7WO-J7Uptob4Bo15G1Rpz7zdZ_t-6K3No4kDXuzZDwYA15azEGQDzQl9aP4AyQNzDoG-sDEuuIJl9glxhwUR_EG73djTBfWgXtrHZkOdixC-AOlrpLFjQJx9ckDkCW9Wa9qj_lq0uyiVO3f5w96PWI8OSunmXfzt99XX7ILz6_Xy3ri9yUJY-57AXTgtGF7kCUvdatMdAZqrgoeWuU7FqtGLSdLFhfFAVnbV8xJRQtqr6tdHGWvTh6d8H_mABjs7Xpr3HUDvyEDZNMKCZKqRL6_B_02k_Bpe9mqmSKiqpKFDtSJnjEAH2zC3arw75htJkzbY6ZNinTZs60mXee3Zmndgvdn43fISaAHwFMI3cF4a_T_7X-AixkrjA</recordid><startdate>20151001</startdate><enddate>20151001</enddate><creator>Kelishadi, Roya</creator><creator>Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr</creator><creator>Qorbani, Mostafa</creator><creator>Ahadi, Zeinab</creator><creator>Heshmat, Ramin</creator><creator>Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil</creator><creator>Ardalan, Gelayol</creator><creator>Ataie-Jafari, Asal</creator><creator>Asayesh, Hamid</creator><creator>Mohammadi, Rasool</creator><general>Springer US</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20151001</creationdate><title>Joint Association of Active and Passive Smoking with Psychiatric Distress and Violence Behaviors in a Representative Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study</title><author>Kelishadi, Roya ; Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr ; Qorbani, Mostafa ; Ahadi, Zeinab ; Heshmat, Ramin ; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil ; Ardalan, Gelayol ; Ataie-Jafari, Asal ; Asayesh, Hamid ; Mohammadi, Rasool</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c442t-7f51a5108ade54faabccedc092542bc97dba91ebd731f33321bf61959036fb6a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Aggression - psychology</topic><topic>Anxiety - epidemiology</topic><topic>Bullying - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child & adolescent psychiatry</topic><topic>Depression - epidemiology</topic><topic>Emotional disorders</topic><topic>Family Medicine</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General Practice</topic><topic>Health Psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iran - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Mental Health</topic><topic>Smoking</topic><topic>Smoking - psychology</topic><topic>Students - psychology</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>Tobacco smoke</topic><topic>Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data</topic><topic>Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology</topic><topic>Violence</topic><topic>Violence - statistics & numerical data</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kelishadi, Roya</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qorbani, Mostafa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ahadi, Zeinab</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Heshmat, Ramin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ardalan, Gelayol</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ataie-Jafari, Asal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asayesh, Hamid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mohammadi, Rasool</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Psychology Database</collection><collection>Research Library</collection><collection>Research Library (Corporate)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>International journal of behavioral medicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kelishadi, Roya</au><au>Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr</au><au>Qorbani, Mostafa</au><au>Ahadi, Zeinab</au><au>Heshmat, Ramin</au><au>Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil</au><au>Ardalan, Gelayol</au><au>Ataie-Jafari, Asal</au><au>Asayesh, Hamid</au><au>Mohammadi, Rasool</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Joint Association of Active and Passive Smoking with Psychiatric Distress and Violence Behaviors in a Representative Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study</atitle><jtitle>International journal of behavioral medicine</jtitle><stitle>Int.J. Behav. Med</stitle><addtitle>Int J Behav Med</addtitle><date>2015-10-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>22</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>652</spage><epage>661</epage><pages>652-661</pages><issn>1070-5503</issn><eissn>1532-7558</eissn><abstract>Background
Mental health and smoking have been receiving increasing attention in adolescents all over the world. Although some studies have assessed the independent association of active/passive smoking with mental health, joint association of active and passive smoking with mental health remains unclear.
Purpose
This study was designed to evaluate the joint association of smoking status (active and passive smoking) with psychiatric distress and violent behaviors in Iranian children and adolescents.
Method
In this national survey, 13,486 students, aged 6–18 years, living in rural and urban areas of 30 provinces of Iran were selected via multistage, cluster sampling method. Psychiatric distress (including worthless, angriness, worrying, insomnia, confusion, depression, and anxiety), violence behaviors (including bullying, victim, and physical fight), and smoking status (nonsmoker, only passive smoker, only active smoker, and active and passive smoker) were assessed. The questionnaire was prepared based on the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey (WHO-GSHS). Data were analyzed by the Stata package.
Results
Psychiatric distress and violent behaviors had linearly positive association with smoking status (
p
trend < 0.001). Compared to “nonsmoker” group, participants who were exposed to passive smoking besides active tobacco use were at increased risk of having angriness (odds ratio (OR) 2.55, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.86–3.48), worrying (OR 1.66, 95 % CI 1.24–2.20), and anxiety (OR 1.99, 95 % CI 1.52–2.61) and victim (OR 1.77, 95 % CI 1.34–2.33) and bully behaviors (OR 3.08, 95 % CI 2.33–4.07).
Conclusion
The current findings suggest that active and passive tobacco smoking has synergistic effect on psychiatric distress. Since majority of smokers with psychiatric distress do not receive mental health services or counseling on smoking, strategies to address mental health problems and smoking prevention should be included as a part of school health services.</abstract><cop>New York</cop><pub>Springer US</pub><pmid>25608459</pmid><doi>10.1007/s12529-015-9462-6</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1070-5503 |
| ispartof | International journal of behavioral medicine, 2015-10, Vol.22 (5), p.652-661 |
| issn | 1070-5503 1532-7558 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Adolescent Aggression - psychology Anxiety - epidemiology Bullying - statistics & numerical data Child Child & adolescent psychiatry Depression - epidemiology Emotional disorders Family Medicine Female General Practice Health Psychology Humans Iran - epidemiology Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental Health Smoking Smoking - psychology Students - psychology Surveys and Questionnaires Tobacco smoke Tobacco Smoke Pollution - statistics & numerical data Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology Violence Violence - statistics & numerical data |
| title | Joint Association of Active and Passive Smoking with Psychiatric Distress and Violence Behaviors in a Representative Sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study |
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