Impact of Pesticide Use on Organophosphorus and Organochlorine Concentration in Water and Sediment of Rawa Pening Lake, Indonesia

Rawa Pening, a Lake in Central Java, Indonesia, serves as a source of power, irrigation and flood control and is used for fishing. Due to highly intensity agriculture activities surround the lake, it might be contaminated by pesticides. The aims of this study were to survey the pesticide usage and to detect pesticide concentrations on water and sediment of Rawa Pening Lake. A questioner observation was used to inventory the types of pesticides used. Gas chromatography equipped with Flame Photometric Detector (FID) detector was used to analyze selected pesticide concentrations of water and sediment samples. The findings survey showed that profenofos organophosphate are most commonly being used in the Rawa Pening Lake, followed by Carbamate, Deltamethrin, Imidachloprid, Fentoat, Carbosulfan, Carbofuran and Lamda Sihalotrin. No organochlorine pesticide was used by the farmers. Both pesticide residue levels of selected organophosphates and organochlorines in water ranged from Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.054 plus or minus 0.039 mg L super( -1) and Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.016 plus or minus 0.008 mg L super( -1), respectively. Whereas, the residue level of organophosphates detected in sediment samples ranged from Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.199 plus or minus 0.083 kg super( -1), while organochlorine ranged Below Detection Limit (BDL) to 0.067 plus or minus 0.032 mg kg super( -1). Profenofos was the highest detected pesticides and exceeded the prescribed standards. This study proved that the presence of organophosphorus contamination in the Rawa Pening Lake due to pesticide usage in Rawa Pening Lake areas. While, the banned organochlorine pesticide compounds were still detected in the lake because of possible usage of these chemicals illegally at the present or in the past.