Expression of TaCYP78A3, a gene encoding cytochrome P450 CYP78A3 protein in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), affects seed size
Summary Several studies have described quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed size in wheat, but the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 encoded wheat cytochr...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology 2015-07, Vol.83 (2), p.312-325 |
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| creator | Ma, Meng Wang, Qian Li, Zhanjie Cheng, Huihui Li, Zhaojie Liu, Xiangli Song, Weining Appels, Rudi Zhao, Huixian |
| description | Summary
Several studies have described quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed size in wheat, but the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 encoded wheat cytochrome P450 CYP78A3, and was specifically expressed in wheat reproductive organs. TaCYP78A3 activity was positively correlated with the final seed size. Its silencing caused a reduction of cell number in the seed coat, resulting in an 11% decrease in wheat seed size, whereas TaCYP78A3 over‐expression induced production of more cells in the seed coat, leading to an 11–48% increase in Arabidopsis seed size. In addition, the cell number in the final seed coat was determined by the TaCYP78A3 expression level, which affected the extent of integument cell proliferation in the developing ovule and seed. Unfortunately, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression in Arabidopsis caused a reduced seed set due to an ovule developmental defect. Moreover, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression affected embryo development by promoting embryo integument cell proliferation during seed development, which also ultimately affected the final seed size in Arabidopsis. In summary, our results indicated that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation. The present study provides direct evidence that TaCYP78A3 affects seed size in wheat, and contributes to an understanding of the cellular basis of the gene influencing seed development.
Significance Statement
The molecular mechanisms that determine the final seed size remain largely unknown in wheat. Here, we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 silencing and overexpression caused a 10.8% decrease in wheat seed size and a 11.4–47.6% increase in Arabidopsis seed size, respectively. Further cytological observations showed that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/tpj.12896 |
| format | Article |
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Several studies have described quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed size in wheat, but the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 encoded wheat cytochrome P450 CYP78A3, and was specifically expressed in wheat reproductive organs. TaCYP78A3 activity was positively correlated with the final seed size. Its silencing caused a reduction of cell number in the seed coat, resulting in an 11% decrease in wheat seed size, whereas TaCYP78A3 over‐expression induced production of more cells in the seed coat, leading to an 11–48% increase in Arabidopsis seed size. In addition, the cell number in the final seed coat was determined by the TaCYP78A3 expression level, which affected the extent of integument cell proliferation in the developing ovule and seed. Unfortunately, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression in Arabidopsis caused a reduced seed set due to an ovule developmental defect. Moreover, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression affected embryo development by promoting embryo integument cell proliferation during seed development, which also ultimately affected the final seed size in Arabidopsis. In summary, our results indicated that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation. The present study provides direct evidence that TaCYP78A3 affects seed size in wheat, and contributes to an understanding of the cellular basis of the gene influencing seed development.
Significance Statement
The molecular mechanisms that determine the final seed size remain largely unknown in wheat. Here, we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 silencing and overexpression caused a 10.8% decrease in wheat seed size and a 11.4–47.6% increase in Arabidopsis seed size, respectively. Further cytological observations showed that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0960-7412</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-313X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12896</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26043144</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>BSMV‐VIGS ; Cell growth ; Cell Proliferation - genetics ; CYP78A ; Cytochrome ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics ; cytochrome P450 ; Gene expression ; Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Gene Silencing ; Genes, Plant ; Germination ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Plant growth ; Plant populations ; Proteins ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; seed size ; Seeds ; TaCYP78A3 ; Triticum - embryology ; Triticum - enzymology ; Triticum - genetics ; Triticum aestivum ; Wheat</subject><ispartof>The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology, 2015-07, Vol.83 (2), p.312-325</ispartof><rights>2015 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2015 The Authors The Plant Journal © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and the Society for Experimental Biology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3856-953549b7c657ed61d452f6e13297f6a2f76a786be27666c1cd054ff69081037a3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Ftpj.12896$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Ftpj.12896$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,1427,27901,27902,45550,45551,46384,46808</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26043144$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ma, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zhanjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Huihui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zhaojie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiangli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Weining</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Appels, Rudi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Huixian</creatorcontrib><title>Expression of TaCYP78A3, a gene encoding cytochrome P450 CYP78A3 protein in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), affects seed size</title><title>The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology</title><addtitle>Plant J</addtitle><description>Summary
Several studies have described quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed size in wheat, but the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 encoded wheat cytochrome P450 CYP78A3, and was specifically expressed in wheat reproductive organs. TaCYP78A3 activity was positively correlated with the final seed size. Its silencing caused a reduction of cell number in the seed coat, resulting in an 11% decrease in wheat seed size, whereas TaCYP78A3 over‐expression induced production of more cells in the seed coat, leading to an 11–48% increase in Arabidopsis seed size. In addition, the cell number in the final seed coat was determined by the TaCYP78A3 expression level, which affected the extent of integument cell proliferation in the developing ovule and seed. Unfortunately, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression in Arabidopsis caused a reduced seed set due to an ovule developmental defect. Moreover, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression affected embryo development by promoting embryo integument cell proliferation during seed development, which also ultimately affected the final seed size in Arabidopsis. In summary, our results indicated that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation. The present study provides direct evidence that TaCYP78A3 affects seed size in wheat, and contributes to an understanding of the cellular basis of the gene influencing seed development.
Significance Statement
The molecular mechanisms that determine the final seed size remain largely unknown in wheat. Here, we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 silencing and overexpression caused a 10.8% decrease in wheat seed size and a 11.4–47.6% increase in Arabidopsis seed size, respectively. Further cytological observations showed that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation.</description><subject>BSMV‐VIGS</subject><subject>Cell growth</subject><subject>Cell Proliferation - genetics</subject><subject>CYP78A</subject><subject>Cytochrome</subject><subject>Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics</subject><subject>cytochrome P450</subject><subject>Gene expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic</subject><subject>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</subject><subject>Gene Silencing</subject><subject>Genes, Plant</subject><subject>Germination</subject><subject>Molecular Sequence Data</subject><subject>Phylogeny</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Plant populations</subject><subject>Proteins</subject><subject>Quantitative Trait Loci</subject><subject>seed size</subject><subject>Seeds</subject><subject>TaCYP78A3</subject><subject>Triticum - embryology</subject><subject>Triticum - enzymology</subject><subject>Triticum - genetics</subject><subject>Triticum aestivum</subject><subject>Wheat</subject><issn>0960-7412</issn><issn>1365-313X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkU1vEzEQhi0EomnhwB9Alri0Ept61vZ491hF5UuRyCFIcLIc77h1lN0N692WwJ_HtIEDo5FmpHk082pexl6BmEOOy3G_nUNZ1fiEzUCiLiTIr0_ZTNQoCqOgPGGnKW2FACNRPWcnJQolQakZ-3X9Yz9QSrHveB_42i2-rUx1Jd9yx2-oI06d75vY3XB_GHt_O_Qt8ZXSgh9Bvh_6kWLHc97fkhv5-XqIY_RTyx2lMd7lZjm_yAtDID8mnoganuJPesGeBbdL9PJYz9iXd9frxYdi-fn9x8XVsvCy0ljUWmpVb4xHbahBaJQuAxLIsjYBXRkMOlPhhkqDiB58I7QKAWtRgZDGyTN2_rg3S_0-ZU22jcnTbuc66qdkwQDkG2B0Rt_8h277aeiyOgtYSwmApczU6yM1bVpq7H6IrRsO9u9bM3D5CNzHHR3-zUHYP37Z7Jd98MuuV58eGvkbUwODeQ</recordid><startdate>201507</startdate><enddate>201507</enddate><creator>Ma, Meng</creator><creator>Wang, Qian</creator><creator>Li, Zhanjie</creator><creator>Cheng, Huihui</creator><creator>Li, Zhaojie</creator><creator>Liu, Xiangli</creator><creator>Song, Weining</creator><creator>Appels, Rudi</creator><creator>Zhao, Huixian</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201507</creationdate><title>Expression of TaCYP78A3, a gene encoding cytochrome P450 CYP78A3 protein in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), affects seed size</title><author>Ma, Meng ; Wang, Qian ; Li, Zhanjie ; Cheng, Huihui ; Li, Zhaojie ; Liu, Xiangli ; Song, Weining ; Appels, Rudi ; Zhao, Huixian</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3856-953549b7c657ed61d452f6e13297f6a2f76a786be27666c1cd054ff69081037a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>BSMV‐VIGS</topic><topic>Cell growth</topic><topic>Cell Proliferation - genetics</topic><topic>CYP78A</topic><topic>Cytochrome</topic><topic>Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics</topic><topic>cytochrome P450</topic><topic>Gene expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic</topic><topic>Gene Expression Regulation, Plant</topic><topic>Gene Silencing</topic><topic>Genes, Plant</topic><topic>Germination</topic><topic>Molecular Sequence Data</topic><topic>Phylogeny</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Plant populations</topic><topic>Proteins</topic><topic>Quantitative Trait Loci</topic><topic>seed size</topic><topic>Seeds</topic><topic>TaCYP78A3</topic><topic>Triticum - embryology</topic><topic>Triticum - enzymology</topic><topic>Triticum - genetics</topic><topic>Triticum aestivum</topic><topic>Wheat</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ma, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Qian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zhanjie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cheng, Huihui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Li, Zhaojie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Liu, Xiangli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Song, Weining</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Appels, Rudi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhao, Huixian</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ma, Meng</au><au>Wang, Qian</au><au>Li, Zhanjie</au><au>Cheng, Huihui</au><au>Li, Zhaojie</au><au>Liu, Xiangli</au><au>Song, Weining</au><au>Appels, Rudi</au><au>Zhao, Huixian</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Expression of TaCYP78A3, a gene encoding cytochrome P450 CYP78A3 protein in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), affects seed size</atitle><jtitle>The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology</jtitle><addtitle>Plant J</addtitle><date>2015-07</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>83</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>312</spage><epage>325</epage><pages>312-325</pages><issn>0960-7412</issn><eissn>1365-313X</eissn><abstract>Summary
Several studies have described quantitative trait loci (QTL) for seed size in wheat, but the relevant genes and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 encoded wheat cytochrome P450 CYP78A3, and was specifically expressed in wheat reproductive organs. TaCYP78A3 activity was positively correlated with the final seed size. Its silencing caused a reduction of cell number in the seed coat, resulting in an 11% decrease in wheat seed size, whereas TaCYP78A3 over‐expression induced production of more cells in the seed coat, leading to an 11–48% increase in Arabidopsis seed size. In addition, the cell number in the final seed coat was determined by the TaCYP78A3 expression level, which affected the extent of integument cell proliferation in the developing ovule and seed. Unfortunately, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression in Arabidopsis caused a reduced seed set due to an ovule developmental defect. Moreover, TaCYP78A3 over‐expression affected embryo development by promoting embryo integument cell proliferation during seed development, which also ultimately affected the final seed size in Arabidopsis. In summary, our results indicated that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation. The present study provides direct evidence that TaCYP78A3 affects seed size in wheat, and contributes to an understanding of the cellular basis of the gene influencing seed development.
Significance Statement
The molecular mechanisms that determine the final seed size remain largely unknown in wheat. Here, we report the functional characterization of the wheat TaCYP78A3 gene and its effect on seed size. TaCYP78A3 silencing and overexpression caused a 10.8% decrease in wheat seed size and a 11.4–47.6% increase in Arabidopsis seed size, respectively. Further cytological observations showed that TaCYP78A3 plays critical roles in influencing seed size by affecting the extent of integument cell proliferation.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>26043144</pmid><doi>10.1111/tpj.12896</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | BSMV‐VIGS Cell growth Cell Proliferation - genetics CYP78A Cytochrome Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System - genetics cytochrome P450 Gene expression Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Gene Silencing Genes, Plant Germination Molecular Sequence Data Phylogeny Plant growth Plant populations Proteins Quantitative Trait Loci seed size Seeds TaCYP78A3 Triticum - embryology Triticum - enzymology Triticum - genetics Triticum aestivum Wheat |
| title | Expression of TaCYP78A3, a gene encoding cytochrome P450 CYP78A3 protein in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), affects seed size |
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