Experimental Reduction of Predators Reverses the Crash Phase of Small-Rodent Cycles
The mechanisms driving short-term (3-5 yr) cyclic fluctuations in densities of boreal small rodents, and especially, those causing a crash in numbers, have remained a puzzle, although food shortage and predation have been proposed as the main factors causing these fluctuations. In the first large-sc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecology (Durham) 1998-10, Vol.79 (7), p.2448-2455 |
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| creator | Korpimäki, Erkki Norrdahl, Kai |
| description | The mechanisms driving short-term (3-5 yr) cyclic fluctuations in densities of boreal small rodents, and especially, those causing a crash in numbers, have remained a puzzle, although food shortage and predation have been proposed as the main factors causing these fluctuations. In the first large-scale vertebrate predator manipulation experiment with sufficient replication, densities of small mustelids (the least weasel Mustela nivalis and the stoat M. erminea) and avian predators (mainly the Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus and Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus) were reduced in six different areas, 2-3 km2 each, in two crash phases (1992 and 1995) of the 3-yr cycle of voles (field vole Microtus agrestis, sibling vole M. rossiaemeridionalis, and bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus). The reduction of all main predators reversed the decline in density of small rodents in the subsequent summer, whereas in areas with least weasel reduction and in control areas without predator manipulation, small rodent densities continued to decline. That only reduction of all main predators was sufficient to prevent this summer crash was apparently because least weasels represent |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2448:EROPRT]2.0.CO;2 |
| format | Article |
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These results provide novel evidence for the hypothesis that specialist predators drive a summer decline of cyclic rodent populations in northern Europe.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0012-9658</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1939-9170</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2448:EROPRT]2.0.CO;2</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ECGYAQ</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: Ecological Society of America</publisher><subject>Animal and plant ecology ; Animal populations ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Aves ; Biological and medical sciences ; Birds of prey ; Breeding ; Demecology ; Ecology ; Environmental aspects ; field experiment ; Finland ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Mammalia ; Microtinae ; Owls ; Population density ; Population ecology ; Predation ; Predators ; Predatory animals ; raptor ; Rodents ; small rodent ; three-year population cycle ; Vertebrata ; vertebrate predator ; Voles ; weasel ; Weasels</subject><ispartof>Ecology (Durham), 1998-10, Vol.79 (7), p.2448-2455</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1998 Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1998 by the Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1999 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 1998 Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>Copyright Ecological Society of America Oct 1998</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5538-d87a86d47ff05df97557a7341ff22e851643e30fc376675d2887b8d693487be3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5538-d87a86d47ff05df97557a7341ff22e851643e30fc376675d2887b8d693487be3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/176834$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/176834$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1620148$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Korpimäki, Erkki</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Norrdahl, Kai</creatorcontrib><title>Experimental Reduction of Predators Reverses the Crash Phase of Small-Rodent Cycles</title><title>Ecology (Durham)</title><description>The mechanisms driving short-term (3-5 yr) cyclic fluctuations in densities of boreal small rodents, and especially, those causing a crash in numbers, have remained a puzzle, although food shortage and predation have been proposed as the main factors causing these fluctuations. 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These results provide novel evidence for the hypothesis that specialist predators drive a summer decline of cyclic rodent populations in northern Europe.</description><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal populations</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Aves</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Birds of prey</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Demecology</subject><subject>Ecology</subject><subject>Environmental aspects</subject><subject>field experiment</subject><subject>Finland</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Mammalia</subject><subject>Microtinae</subject><subject>Owls</subject><subject>Population density</subject><subject>Population ecology</subject><subject>Predation</subject><subject>Predators</subject><subject>Predatory animals</subject><subject>raptor</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>small rodent</subject><subject>three-year population cycle</subject><subject>Vertebrata</subject><subject>vertebrate predator</subject><subject>Voles</subject><subject>weasel</subject><subject>Weasels</subject><issn>0012-9658</issn><issn>1939-9170</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1998</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqdkl2L1DAUhosoOK7-h6IiCnY2H20-1quljKuwMMPM3IhIiOnJTodMuyYddf69p3RRkb0yuUg4efImed9k2Tklc6o0OSeEskKLSr2mWqs3ROrPrCzVxWK9XK23X9iczOvlO_Ygm1HNdaGpJA-z2e9dj7MnKe0JNlqqWbZZ_LyF2B6gG2zI19Ac3dD2Xd77fBWhsUMfE5a_Q0yQ8mEHeR1t2uWrnU0wUpuDDaFY9w0q5PXJBUhPs0fehgTP7sazbPt-sa0_FNfLq4_15XXhqoqrolHSKtGU0ntSNV7LqpJW8pJ6zxioioqSAyfecSmErBqmlPyqGqF5iRPgZ9mrSfY29t-OkAZzaJODEGwH_TEZKilBYyoEn_8D7vtj7PBqhqGlQjBGEXo7QTc2gGk73w_RuhvoINrQd-BbLF8yyjjlSiFe3INjb-DQuvv4q4l3sU8pgje36LqNJ0OJGXM1Y0JmTMiMuRrM1Yy5milXwwwx9dIwVHp59xqbnA0-2s616Y-cYGOyiG0m7Ade5PS_p5lF_WkEpJbjMqq-mFT3CX_G36qME4mWC8VL_gtBjsc_</recordid><startdate>199810</startdate><enddate>199810</enddate><creator>Korpimäki, Erkki</creator><creator>Norrdahl, Kai</creator><general>Ecological Society of America</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>0U~</scope><scope>1-H</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88A</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.-</scope><scope>L.0</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>R05</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>SOI</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199810</creationdate><title>Experimental Reduction of Predators Reverses the Crash Phase of Small-Rodent Cycles</title><author>Korpimäki, Erkki ; Norrdahl, Kai</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5538-d87a86d47ff05df97557a7341ff22e851643e30fc376675d2887b8d693487be3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1998</creationdate><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal populations</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Aves</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Birds of prey</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>Demecology</topic><topic>Ecology</topic><topic>Environmental aspects</topic><topic>field experiment</topic><topic>Finland</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. 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boreal small rodents, and especially, those causing a crash in numbers, have remained a puzzle, although food shortage and predation have been proposed as the main factors causing these fluctuations. In the first large-scale vertebrate predator manipulation experiment with sufficient replication, densities of small mustelids (the least weasel Mustela nivalis and the stoat M. erminea) and avian predators (mainly the Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus and Tengmalm's Owl Aegolius funereus) were reduced in six different areas, 2-3 km2 each, in two crash phases (1992 and 1995) of the 3-yr cycle of voles (field vole Microtus agrestis, sibling vole M. rossiaemeridionalis, and bank vole Clethrionomys glareolus). The reduction of all main predators reversed the decline in density of small rodents in the subsequent summer, whereas in areas with least weasel reduction and in control areas without predator manipulation, small rodent densities continued to decline. That only reduction of all main predators was sufficient to prevent this summer crash was apparently because least weasels represent <40% of vole-eating predators in western Finland. These results provide novel evidence for the hypothesis that specialist predators drive a summer decline of cyclic rodent populations in northern Europe.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>Ecological Society of America</pub><doi>10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[2448:EROPRT]2.0.CO;2</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Ecology (Durham), 1998-10, Vol.79 (7), p.2448-2455 |
| issn | 0012-9658 1939-9170 |
| language | eng |
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| source | JSTOR Archive Collection A-Z Listing; Wiley Online Library All Journals |
| subjects | Animal and plant ecology Animal populations Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Aves Biological and medical sciences Birds of prey Breeding Demecology Ecology Environmental aspects field experiment Finland Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Mammalia Microtinae Owls Population density Population ecology Predation Predators Predatory animals raptor Rodents small rodent three-year population cycle Vertebrata vertebrate predator Voles weasel Weasels |
| title | Experimental Reduction of Predators Reverses the Crash Phase of Small-Rodent Cycles |
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