Evaluation of the osteoinductive potential of a bio-inspired scaffold mimicking the osteogenic niche for bone augmentation

Abstract Augmentation of regenerative osteogenesis represents a premier clinical need, as hundreds of thousands of patients are left with insufficient healing of bony defects related to a host of insults ranging from congenital abnormalities to traumatic injury to surgically-induced deficits. A synt...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biomaterials 2015-09, Vol.62, p.128-137
Hauptverfasser: Minardi, Silvia, Corradetti, Bruna, Taraballi, Francesca, Sandri, Monica, Van Eps, Jeffrey, Cabrera, Fernando J, Weiner, Bradley K, Tampieri, Anna, Tasciotti, Ennio
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container_end_page 137
container_issue
container_start_page 128
container_title Biomaterials
container_volume 62
creator Minardi, Silvia
Corradetti, Bruna
Taraballi, Francesca
Sandri, Monica
Van Eps, Jeffrey
Cabrera, Fernando J
Weiner, Bradley K
Tampieri, Anna
Tasciotti, Ennio
description Abstract Augmentation of regenerative osteogenesis represents a premier clinical need, as hundreds of thousands of patients are left with insufficient healing of bony defects related to a host of insults ranging from congenital abnormalities to traumatic injury to surgically-induced deficits. A synthetic material that closely mimics the composition and structure of the human osteogenic niche represents great potential to successfully address this high demand. In this study, a magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite/type I collagen scaffold was fabricated through a biologically-inspired mineralization process and designed to mimic human trabecular bone. The composition of the scaffold was fully characterized by XRD, FTIR, ICP and TGA, and compared to human bone. Also, the scaffold microstructure was evaluated by SEM, while its nano-structure and nano-mechanical properties were evaluated by AFM. Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were used to test the in vitro capability of the scaffold to promote osteogenic differentiation. The cell/scaffold constructs were cultured up to 7 days and the adhesion, organization and proliferation of the cells were evaluated. The ability of the scaffold to induce osteogenic differentiation of the cells was assessed over 3 weeks and the correlate gene expression for classic genes of osteogenesis was assessed. Finally, when tested in an ectopic model in rabbit, the scaffold produced a large volume of trabecular bone in only two weeks, that subsequently underwent maturation over time as expected, with increased mature cortical bone formation, supporting its ability to promote bone regeneration in clinically-relevant scenarios. Altogether, these results confirm a high level of structural mimicry by the scaffold to the composition and structure of human osteogenic niche that translated to faster and more efficient osteoinduction in vivo – features that suggest such a biomaterial may have great utility in future clinical applications where bone regeneration is required.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.05.011
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subjects Advanced Basic Science
Animals
Biocompatibility
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Biomimetic material
Biomimetics - instrumentation
Biomineralization
Bone regeneration
Bone Regeneration - physiology
Bone Substitutes - chemical synthesis
Bones
Cell Differentiation - physiology
Cells, Cultured
Dentistry
Differentiation
Equipment Design
Equipment Failure Analysis
Human
Humans
Hydroxyapatite
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation - instrumentation
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - physiology
Osteoblasts - cytology
Osteoblasts - physiology
Osteogenesis - physiology
Rabbits
Scaffolds
Stem Cell Niche - physiology
Stem cells
Surgical implants
Tissue Scaffolds
title Evaluation of the osteoinductive potential of a bio-inspired scaffold mimicking the osteogenic niche for bone augmentation
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