Intranodal Mapping Using Carbon Dye Results in More Accurate Lymph Node Staging in Colon Cancer Patients
Introduction Small nodal tumor infiltrates (SNTI)—defined as isolated tumor cells and micrometastases—are associated with worse disease-free and overall survival in stage I and II colon cancer patients. Their detection, however, remains challenging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | World journal of surgery 2015-10, Vol.39 (10), p.2583-2589 |
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| creator | Weixler, Benjamin Warschkow, Rene Zettl, Andreas Riehle, Hans-Martin Guller, Ulrich Viehl, Carsten T. Zuber, Markus |
| description | Introduction
Small nodal tumor infiltrates (SNTI)—defined as isolated tumor cells and micrometastases—are associated with worse disease-free and overall survival in stage I and II colon cancer patients. Their detection, however, remains challenging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the location of SNTI and phagocytosed carbon dye particles in sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of colon cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Isosulfan blue and carbon dye were injected intraoperatively near the tumor to mark the SLN. Serial sections of SLN were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemistry. Intranodal distribution of phagocytosed carbon particles was compared to the presence of SNTI.
Results
Of a cohort of 159 patients, 24 patients had SNTI in their lymph nodes (LN). SNTI were found in a total of 116 LN of which 66 were SLN and 50 were non-SLN. In 59, these 116 LN with SNTI phagocytosed carbon dye were found (50.9 %). Phagocytosed carbon dye was identified significantly more often in SLN (49 of 66 SNTI positive SLN) compared to 10 of 50 SNTI positive non-SLN (
p
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00268-015-3130-5 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1708902852</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>3793407521</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4928-4777793a86ace5b38ee3a595b0da99429bc6c39a18799afc34a2bfcf812bf7e33</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi0EosvCD-CCLHHhEvBnbB9LoFC0BUSpOFqOd7JNlbVTOxHaf4-XFISQED545vA8o9G8CD2l5CUlRL3KhLBaV4TKilNOKnkPrajgrGKc8ftoRXgtSk_5CXqU8w0hVNWkfohOWE2lkEqs0PV5mJILcesGfOHGsQ87fJWPf-NSGwN-cwD8BfI8TBn3AV_EBPjU-zm5CfDmsB-v8ce4BXw5ud1RK0wThyI2LnhI-LObeghTfowedG7I8OSurtHV2duvzftq8-ndeXO6qbwwTFdClWe407XzIFuuAbiTRrZk64wRzLS-9tw4qpUxrvNcONZ2vtO0FAWcr9GLZe6Y4u0MebL7PnsYBhcgztlSRbQhTEtW0Od_oTdxTqFs95MSnKhyzTWiC-VTzDlBZ8fU7106WErsMQa7xGBLDPYYg5XFeXY3eW73sP1t_Lp7AcwCfO8HOPx_ov324fL1GVGS6eKyxc1FCztIf6z9z41-AGKPoh0</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1708430714</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Intranodal Mapping Using Carbon Dye Results in More Accurate Lymph Node Staging in Colon Cancer Patients</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Weixler, Benjamin ; Warschkow, Rene ; Zettl, Andreas ; Riehle, Hans-Martin ; Guller, Ulrich ; Viehl, Carsten T. ; Zuber, Markus</creator><creatorcontrib>Weixler, Benjamin ; Warschkow, Rene ; Zettl, Andreas ; Riehle, Hans-Martin ; Guller, Ulrich ; Viehl, Carsten T. ; Zuber, Markus</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
Small nodal tumor infiltrates (SNTI)—defined as isolated tumor cells and micrometastases—are associated with worse disease-free and overall survival in stage I and II colon cancer patients. Their detection, however, remains challenging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the location of SNTI and phagocytosed carbon dye particles in sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of colon cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Isosulfan blue and carbon dye were injected intraoperatively near the tumor to mark the SLN. Serial sections of SLN were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemistry. Intranodal distribution of phagocytosed carbon particles was compared to the presence of SNTI.
Results
Of a cohort of 159 patients, 24 patients had SNTI in their lymph nodes (LN). SNTI were found in a total of 116 LN of which 66 were SLN and 50 were non-SLN. In 59, these 116 LN with SNTI phagocytosed carbon dye were found (50.9 %). Phagocytosed carbon dye was identified significantly more often in SLN (49 of 66 SNTI positive SLN) compared to 10 of 50 SNTI positive non-SLN (
p
< 0.001). In 52 out of 59 LN (88.1 %), phagocytosed carbon dye was in close proximity to SNTI.
Conclusions
In the majority of patients, SNTI are located in the same SLN compartment as phagocytosed carbon dye particles. Our investigation provides evidence that the use of carbon dye facilitates SNTI detection and improves LN staging in colon cancer. Therefore, the concept of intranodal mapping—which has been previously described for melanoma—can be extended to colon cancer patients.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0364-2313</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-2323</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00268-015-3130-5</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26154574</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cham: Springer International Publishing</publisher><subject>Abdominal Surgery ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carbon ; Cardiac Surgery ; Colon Cancer Patient ; Colonic Neoplasms - pathology ; Coloring Agents ; Female ; General Surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Isolate Tumor Cell ; Lymph Node ; Lymph Node Staging ; Lymph Nodes - pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Micrometastasis - diagnosis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Original Scientific Report ; Phagocytosis ; Prospective Studies ; Rosaniline Dyes ; Sentinel Lymph Node ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy - methods ; Surgery ; Thoracic Surgery ; Vascular Surgery</subject><ispartof>World journal of surgery, 2015-10, Vol.39 (10), p.2583-2589</ispartof><rights>Société Internationale de Chirurgie 2015</rights><rights>2015 The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Société Internationale de Chirurgie</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4928-4777793a86ace5b38ee3a595b0da99429bc6c39a18799afc34a2bfcf812bf7e33</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4928-4777793a86ace5b38ee3a595b0da99429bc6c39a18799afc34a2bfcf812bf7e33</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00268-015-3130-5$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00268-015-3130-5$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,41488,42557,45574,45575,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26154574$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Weixler, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Warschkow, Rene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zettl, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riehle, Hans-Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guller, Ulrich</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viehl, Carsten T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuber, Markus</creatorcontrib><title>Intranodal Mapping Using Carbon Dye Results in More Accurate Lymph Node Staging in Colon Cancer Patients</title><title>World journal of surgery</title><addtitle>World J Surg</addtitle><addtitle>World J Surg</addtitle><description>Introduction
Small nodal tumor infiltrates (SNTI)—defined as isolated tumor cells and micrometastases—are associated with worse disease-free and overall survival in stage I and II colon cancer patients. Their detection, however, remains challenging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the location of SNTI and phagocytosed carbon dye particles in sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of colon cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Isosulfan blue and carbon dye were injected intraoperatively near the tumor to mark the SLN. Serial sections of SLN were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemistry. Intranodal distribution of phagocytosed carbon particles was compared to the presence of SNTI.
Results
Of a cohort of 159 patients, 24 patients had SNTI in their lymph nodes (LN). SNTI were found in a total of 116 LN of which 66 were SLN and 50 were non-SLN. In 59, these 116 LN with SNTI phagocytosed carbon dye were found (50.9 %). Phagocytosed carbon dye was identified significantly more often in SLN (49 of 66 SNTI positive SLN) compared to 10 of 50 SNTI positive non-SLN (
p
< 0.001). In 52 out of 59 LN (88.1 %), phagocytosed carbon dye was in close proximity to SNTI.
Conclusions
In the majority of patients, SNTI are located in the same SLN compartment as phagocytosed carbon dye particles. Our investigation provides evidence that the use of carbon dye facilitates SNTI detection and improves LN staging in colon cancer. Therefore, the concept of intranodal mapping—which has been previously described for melanoma—can be extended to colon cancer patients.</description><subject>Abdominal Surgery</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Cardiac Surgery</subject><subject>Colon Cancer Patient</subject><subject>Colonic Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Coloring Agents</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>General Surgery</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Isolate Tumor Cell</subject><subject>Lymph Node</subject><subject>Lymph Node Staging</subject><subject>Lymph Nodes - pathology</subject><subject>Lymphatic Metastasis</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neoplasm Micrometastasis - diagnosis</subject><subject>Neoplasm Staging</subject><subject>Original Scientific Report</subject><subject>Phagocytosis</subject><subject>Prospective Studies</subject><subject>Rosaniline Dyes</subject><subject>Sentinel Lymph Node</subject><subject>Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy - methods</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><subject>Thoracic Surgery</subject><subject>Vascular Surgery</subject><issn>0364-2313</issn><issn>1432-2323</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU1v1DAQhi0EosvCD-CCLHHhEvBnbB9LoFC0BUSpOFqOd7JNlbVTOxHaf4-XFISQED545vA8o9G8CD2l5CUlRL3KhLBaV4TKilNOKnkPrajgrGKc8ftoRXgtSk_5CXqU8w0hVNWkfohOWE2lkEqs0PV5mJILcesGfOHGsQ87fJWPf-NSGwN-cwD8BfI8TBn3AV_EBPjU-zm5CfDmsB-v8ce4BXw5ud1RK0wThyI2LnhI-LObeghTfowedG7I8OSurtHV2duvzftq8-ndeXO6qbwwTFdClWe407XzIFuuAbiTRrZk64wRzLS-9tw4qpUxrvNcONZ2vtO0FAWcr9GLZe6Y4u0MebL7PnsYBhcgztlSRbQhTEtW0Od_oTdxTqFs95MSnKhyzTWiC-VTzDlBZ8fU7106WErsMQa7xGBLDPYYg5XFeXY3eW73sP1t_Lp7AcwCfO8HOPx_ov324fL1GVGS6eKyxc1FCztIf6z9z41-AGKPoh0</recordid><startdate>201510</startdate><enddate>201510</enddate><creator>Weixler, Benjamin</creator><creator>Warschkow, Rene</creator><creator>Zettl, Andreas</creator><creator>Riehle, Hans-Martin</creator><creator>Guller, Ulrich</creator><creator>Viehl, Carsten T.</creator><creator>Zuber, Markus</creator><general>Springer International Publishing</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201510</creationdate><title>Intranodal Mapping Using Carbon Dye Results in More Accurate Lymph Node Staging in Colon Cancer Patients</title><author>Weixler, Benjamin ; Warschkow, Rene ; Zettl, Andreas ; Riehle, Hans-Martin ; Guller, Ulrich ; Viehl, Carsten T. ; Zuber, Markus</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4928-4777793a86ace5b38ee3a595b0da99429bc6c39a18799afc34a2bfcf812bf7e33</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Abdominal Surgery</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Cardiac Surgery</topic><topic>Colon Cancer Patient</topic><topic>Colonic Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Coloring Agents</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>General Surgery</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Isolate Tumor Cell</topic><topic>Lymph Node</topic><topic>Lymph Node Staging</topic><topic>Lymph Nodes - pathology</topic><topic>Lymphatic Metastasis</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neoplasm Micrometastasis - diagnosis</topic><topic>Neoplasm Staging</topic><topic>Original Scientific Report</topic><topic>Phagocytosis</topic><topic>Prospective Studies</topic><topic>Rosaniline Dyes</topic><topic>Sentinel Lymph Node</topic><topic>Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy - methods</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><topic>Thoracic Surgery</topic><topic>Vascular Surgery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Weixler, Benjamin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Warschkow, Rene</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zettl, Andreas</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Riehle, Hans-Martin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guller, Ulrich</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Viehl, Carsten T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zuber, Markus</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>World journal of surgery</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Weixler, Benjamin</au><au>Warschkow, Rene</au><au>Zettl, Andreas</au><au>Riehle, Hans-Martin</au><au>Guller, Ulrich</au><au>Viehl, Carsten T.</au><au>Zuber, Markus</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Intranodal Mapping Using Carbon Dye Results in More Accurate Lymph Node Staging in Colon Cancer Patients</atitle><jtitle>World journal of surgery</jtitle><stitle>World J Surg</stitle><addtitle>World J Surg</addtitle><date>2015-10</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>39</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>2583</spage><epage>2589</epage><pages>2583-2589</pages><issn>0364-2313</issn><eissn>1432-2323</eissn><abstract>Introduction
Small nodal tumor infiltrates (SNTI)—defined as isolated tumor cells and micrometastases—are associated with worse disease-free and overall survival in stage I and II colon cancer patients. Their detection, however, remains challenging. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the location of SNTI and phagocytosed carbon dye particles in sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of colon cancer patients.
Materials and Methods
Isosulfan blue and carbon dye were injected intraoperatively near the tumor to mark the SLN. Serial sections of SLN were stained with hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemistry. Intranodal distribution of phagocytosed carbon particles was compared to the presence of SNTI.
Results
Of a cohort of 159 patients, 24 patients had SNTI in their lymph nodes (LN). SNTI were found in a total of 116 LN of which 66 were SLN and 50 were non-SLN. In 59, these 116 LN with SNTI phagocytosed carbon dye were found (50.9 %). Phagocytosed carbon dye was identified significantly more often in SLN (49 of 66 SNTI positive SLN) compared to 10 of 50 SNTI positive non-SLN (
p
< 0.001). In 52 out of 59 LN (88.1 %), phagocytosed carbon dye was in close proximity to SNTI.
Conclusions
In the majority of patients, SNTI are located in the same SLN compartment as phagocytosed carbon dye particles. Our investigation provides evidence that the use of carbon dye facilitates SNTI detection and improves LN staging in colon cancer. Therefore, the concept of intranodal mapping—which has been previously described for melanoma—can be extended to colon cancer patients.</abstract><cop>Cham</cop><pub>Springer International Publishing</pub><pmid>26154574</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00268-015-3130-5</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Abdominal Surgery Aged Aged, 80 and over Carbon Cardiac Surgery Colon Cancer Patient Colonic Neoplasms - pathology Coloring Agents Female General Surgery Humans Immunohistochemistry Isolate Tumor Cell Lymph Node Lymph Node Staging Lymph Nodes - pathology Lymphatic Metastasis Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Neoplasm Micrometastasis - diagnosis Neoplasm Staging Original Scientific Report Phagocytosis Prospective Studies Rosaniline Dyes Sentinel Lymph Node Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy - methods Surgery Thoracic Surgery Vascular Surgery |
| title | Intranodal Mapping Using Carbon Dye Results in More Accurate Lymph Node Staging in Colon Cancer Patients |
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