THE DIET OF STELLER'S EIDERS WINTERING IN VARANGERFJORD, NORTHERN NORWAY
We examined the winter diet of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) in Varangerfjord, northern Norway, by analyzing the esophagus content of 29 individuals (12 juveniles and 17 adults). A total of 8389 prey items of 31 species were identified: 13 species of gastropods (making up 68.4% of tota...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Wilson bulletin (Wilson Ornithological Society) 2000-03, Vol.112 (1), p.8-13 |
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| creator | Bustnes, Jan O Asheim, Magne Bjørn, Tor Harry Gabrielsen, Heidi Systad, Geir H |
| description | We examined the winter diet of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) in Varangerfjord, northern Norway, by analyzing the esophagus content of 29 individuals (12 juveniles and 17 adults). A total of 8389 prey items of 31 species were identified: 13 species of gastropods (making up 68.4% of total number of items); 4 species of bivalves (18.5%); 12 species of crustaceans (13%); and 2 species of echinoderms ( |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0008:TDOSSE]2.0.CO;2 |
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A total of 8389 prey items of 31 species were identified: 13 species of gastropods (making up 68.4% of total number of items); 4 species of bivalves (18.5%); 12 species of crustaceans (13%); and 2 species of echinoderms (<0.1%). In terms of percentage aggregate wet weight 31.4% was gastropods, 22.6% was bivalves, and 41.4% was crustaceans. Juvenile eiders ate more crustaceans (x̄ = 61% aggregate w.w.) than adults (x̄ = 26%, P < 0.05), possibly because they were in poor body condition and may have had higher energy requirements than adults. Adults tended to eat more gastropods (x̄ = 41% vs 22%) and Mytilus edulis (x̄ = 27% vs 12%) than juveniles. There were only small differences between sexes. Most of the prey items were of species known to be associated with kelp plants, especially Laminaria hyperborea, suggesting that Steller's Eiders obtain a large proportion of their prey directly from the vegetation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0043-5643</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2162-5204</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0008:TDOSSE]2.0.CO;2</identifier><identifier>CODEN: WILBAI</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Lawrence, KS: Wilson Ornithological Society</publisher><subject>adults ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Autoecology ; Aves ; Biological and medical sciences ; Birds ; body condition ; CONTENTS ; Crustacea ; Crustaceans ; Diet ; Ducks ; Echinodermata ; Eider ; energy requirements ; esophagus ; Female animals ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Gastropoda ; Health aspects ; juveniles ; Lagoons ; Laminaria ; macroalgae ; Male animals ; Marine ; Marine ecology ; Mytilus edulis ; Norway ; Polysticta stelleri ; vegetation ; Vertebrata ; Wildlife ecology ; Young animals</subject><ispartof>The Wilson bulletin (Wilson Ornithological Society), 2000-03, Vol.112 (1), p.8-13</ispartof><rights>The Wilson Ornithological Society</rights><rights>Copyright 2000 Wilson Ornithological Society</rights><rights>2000 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2000 Wilson Ornithological Society</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b594t-cd80b8fdf424c3f0dec9211cf968c442e3672d0e45b979c7b38108e1e706b0763</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b594t-cd80b8fdf424c3f0dec9211cf968c442e3672d0e45b979c7b38108e1e706b0763</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/4164163$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/4164163$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=1312660$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bustnes, Jan O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asheim, Magne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjørn, Tor Harry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabrielsen, Heidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Systad, Geir H</creatorcontrib><title>THE DIET OF STELLER'S EIDERS WINTERING IN VARANGERFJORD, NORTHERN NORWAY</title><title>The Wilson bulletin (Wilson Ornithological Society)</title><description>We examined the winter diet of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) in Varangerfjord, northern Norway, by analyzing the esophagus content of 29 individuals (12 juveniles and 17 adults). A total of 8389 prey items of 31 species were identified: 13 species of gastropods (making up 68.4% of total number of items); 4 species of bivalves (18.5%); 12 species of crustaceans (13%); and 2 species of echinoderms (<0.1%). In terms of percentage aggregate wet weight 31.4% was gastropods, 22.6% was bivalves, and 41.4% was crustaceans. Juvenile eiders ate more crustaceans (x̄ = 61% aggregate w.w.) than adults (x̄ = 26%, P < 0.05), possibly because they were in poor body condition and may have had higher energy requirements than adults. Adults tended to eat more gastropods (x̄ = 41% vs 22%) and Mytilus edulis (x̄ = 27% vs 12%) than juveniles. There were only small differences between sexes. Most of the prey items were of species known to be associated with kelp plants, especially Laminaria hyperborea, suggesting that Steller's Eiders obtain a large proportion of their prey directly from the vegetation.</description><subject>adults</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Autoecology</subject><subject>Aves</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>body condition</subject><subject>CONTENTS</subject><subject>Crustacea</subject><subject>Crustaceans</subject><subject>Diet</subject><subject>Ducks</subject><subject>Echinodermata</subject><subject>Eider</subject><subject>energy requirements</subject><subject>esophagus</subject><subject>Female animals</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Gastropoda</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>juveniles</subject><subject>Lagoons</subject><subject>Laminaria</subject><subject>macroalgae</subject><subject>Male animals</subject><subject>Marine</subject><subject>Marine ecology</subject><subject>Mytilus edulis</subject><subject>Norway</subject><subject>Polysticta stelleri</subject><subject>vegetation</subject><subject>Vertebrata</subject><subject>Wildlife ecology</subject><subject>Young animals</subject><issn>0043-5643</issn><issn>2162-5204</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2000</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqdkd9r2zAQx83YYFm3_2AwP4z9gDo9ybJsb08mURKPYIPtrowxhKxIwcWxOyt92H8_CZfupU9DgtPpPnfc3dfzrhAsEY3pFQAJg4iS8BMGgM8I4Z_WJl-adVnX7BdewnJVfsXPvAVGFAcRBvLcWzxmvfReGXMLzo_ihbdrdsxf56zxy41fN2y_Z9XH2mf5mlW1f5MXDavyYuvnhf89q7Jiy6rNt7JaX_pFWdncqnCPm-zHa--FFr1Rbx7shXe9Yc1qF-zLbb7K9kEbpeQcyEMCbaIPmmAiQw0HJVOMkNQpTSQhWIU0xgdQJGrTOJVxGyYIEoVUDLSFmIYX3oe57t00_r5X5sxPnZGq78WgxnvDUQwhphgseDmDR9Er3g16PE9CHtWgJtGPg9Kd_c4oghBSEls8eAK356BOnXyK3868nEZjJqX53dSdxPSHI-BOKO5WzN3KuROKW6G4E4rPQnHr8VXJsa30_mEiYaTo9SQG2Zl_5UKEKXXzvJ2xW3Mep8cwQdTe0IbfzWEtRi6Ok61wXWNA1ElN49R1zGai7UY7z3_3-xdXzbTv</recordid><startdate>20000301</startdate><enddate>20000301</enddate><creator>Bustnes, Jan O</creator><creator>Asheim, Magne</creator><creator>Bjørn, Tor Harry</creator><creator>Gabrielsen, Heidi</creator><creator>Systad, Geir H</creator><general>Wilson Ornithological Society</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7TN</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H95</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20000301</creationdate><title>THE DIET OF STELLER'S EIDERS WINTERING IN VARANGERFJORD, NORTHERN NORWAY</title><author>Bustnes, Jan O ; Asheim, Magne ; Bjørn, Tor Harry ; Gabrielsen, Heidi ; Systad, Geir H</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b594t-cd80b8fdf424c3f0dec9211cf968c442e3672d0e45b979c7b38108e1e706b0763</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2000</creationdate><topic>adults</topic><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Autoecology</topic><topic>Aves</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>body condition</topic><topic>CONTENTS</topic><topic>Crustacea</topic><topic>Crustaceans</topic><topic>Diet</topic><topic>Ducks</topic><topic>Echinodermata</topic><topic>Eider</topic><topic>energy requirements</topic><topic>esophagus</topic><topic>Female animals</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Gastropoda</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>juveniles</topic><topic>Lagoons</topic><topic>Laminaria</topic><topic>macroalgae</topic><topic>Male animals</topic><topic>Marine</topic><topic>Marine ecology</topic><topic>Mytilus edulis</topic><topic>Norway</topic><topic>Polysticta stelleri</topic><topic>vegetation</topic><topic>Vertebrata</topic><topic>Wildlife ecology</topic><topic>Young animals</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bustnes, Jan O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Asheim, Magne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bjørn, Tor Harry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gabrielsen, Heidi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Systad, Geir H</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Oceanic Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><jtitle>The Wilson bulletin (Wilson Ornithological Society)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bustnes, Jan O</au><au>Asheim, Magne</au><au>Bjørn, Tor Harry</au><au>Gabrielsen, Heidi</au><au>Systad, Geir H</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>THE DIET OF STELLER'S EIDERS WINTERING IN VARANGERFJORD, NORTHERN NORWAY</atitle><jtitle>The Wilson bulletin (Wilson Ornithological Society)</jtitle><date>2000-03-01</date><risdate>2000</risdate><volume>112</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>8</spage><epage>13</epage><pages>8-13</pages><issn>0043-5643</issn><eissn>2162-5204</eissn><coden>WILBAI</coden><abstract>We examined the winter diet of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) in Varangerfjord, northern Norway, by analyzing the esophagus content of 29 individuals (12 juveniles and 17 adults). A total of 8389 prey items of 31 species were identified: 13 species of gastropods (making up 68.4% of total number of items); 4 species of bivalves (18.5%); 12 species of crustaceans (13%); and 2 species of echinoderms (<0.1%). In terms of percentage aggregate wet weight 31.4% was gastropods, 22.6% was bivalves, and 41.4% was crustaceans. Juvenile eiders ate more crustaceans (x̄ = 61% aggregate w.w.) than adults (x̄ = 26%, P < 0.05), possibly because they were in poor body condition and may have had higher energy requirements than adults. Adults tended to eat more gastropods (x̄ = 41% vs 22%) and Mytilus edulis (x̄ = 27% vs 12%) than juveniles. There were only small differences between sexes. Most of the prey items were of species known to be associated with kelp plants, especially Laminaria hyperborea, suggesting that Steller's Eiders obtain a large proportion of their prey directly from the vegetation.</abstract><cop>Lawrence, KS</cop><pub>Wilson Ornithological Society</pub><doi>10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0008:TDOSSE]2.0.CO;2</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | adults Animal and plant ecology Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Autoecology Aves Biological and medical sciences Birds body condition CONTENTS Crustacea Crustaceans Diet Ducks Echinodermata Eider energy requirements esophagus Female animals Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gastropoda Health aspects juveniles Lagoons Laminaria macroalgae Male animals Marine Marine ecology Mytilus edulis Norway Polysticta stelleri vegetation Vertebrata Wildlife ecology Young animals |
| title | THE DIET OF STELLER'S EIDERS WINTERING IN VARANGERFJORD, NORTHERN NORWAY |
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