The genetic basis of intradural spinal tumors and its impact on clinical treatment
Genetic alterations in the cells of intradural spinal tumors can have a significant impact on the treatment options, counseling, and prognosis for patients. Although surgery is the primary therapy for most intradural tumors, radiochemothera-peutic modalities and targeted interventions play an ever-e...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Neurosurgical focus 2015-08, Vol.39 (2), p.E3-E3 |
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creator | Karsy, Michael Guan, Jian Sivakumar, Walavan Neil, Jayson A Schmidt, Meic H Mahan, Mark A |
description | Genetic alterations in the cells of intradural spinal tumors can have a significant impact on the treatment options, counseling, and prognosis for patients. Although surgery is the primary therapy for most intradural tumors, radiochemothera-peutic modalities and targeted interventions play an ever-evolving role in treating aggressive cancers and in addressing cancer recurrence in long-term survivors. Recent studies have helped delineate specific genetic and molecular differences between intradural spinal tumors and their intracranial counterparts and have also identified significant variation in therapeutic effects on these tumors. This review discusses the genetic and molecular alterations in the most common intradural spinal tumors in both adult and pediatrie patients, including nerve sheath tumors (that is, neurofibroma and schwannoma), meningioma, ependymoma, astrocytoma (that is, low-grade glioma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma), hemangioblastoma, and medulloblastoma. It also examines the genetics of metastatic tumors to the spinal cord, arising either from the CNS or from systemic sources. Importantly, the impact of this knowledge on therapeutic options and its application to clinical practice are discussed. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3171/2015.5.FOCUS15143 |
format | Article |
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Although surgery is the primary therapy for most intradural tumors, radiochemothera-peutic modalities and targeted interventions play an ever-evolving role in treating aggressive cancers and in addressing cancer recurrence in long-term survivors. Recent studies have helped delineate specific genetic and molecular differences between intradural spinal tumors and their intracranial counterparts and have also identified significant variation in therapeutic effects on these tumors. This review discusses the genetic and molecular alterations in the most common intradural spinal tumors in both adult and pediatrie patients, including nerve sheath tumors (that is, neurofibroma and schwannoma), meningioma, ependymoma, astrocytoma (that is, low-grade glioma, anaplastic astrocytoma, and glioblastoma), hemangioblastoma, and medulloblastoma. It also examines the genetics of metastatic tumors to the spinal cord, arising either from the CNS or from systemic sources. 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subjects | Adult Age Factors Astrocytoma - genetics Child Ependymoma - genetics Hemangioblastoma - genetics Humans Medulloblastoma - genetics Meningioma - genetics Neoplasm Grading Neoplasm Metastasis - genetics Nerve Sheath Neoplasms - genetics Practice Guidelines as Topic Prognosis Spinal Cord - metabolism Spinal Cord - pathology Spinal Cord Neoplasms - classification Spinal Cord Neoplasms - genetics Spinal Cord Neoplasms - secondary Spinal Cord Neoplasms - therapy |
title | The genetic basis of intradural spinal tumors and its impact on clinical treatment |
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