High Temperature Corrosion under Laboratory Conditions Simulating Biomass-Firing: A Comprehensive Characterization of Corrosion Products

An austenitic stainless steel (TP 347H FG) was coated with a synthetic deposit and exposed, under laboratory conditions simulating straw-firing at 560 °C, for 1 week. Microscopic, diffraction, and spectroscopic techniques were employed for cross-sectional and plan view “top-down” microstructural characterization of the corrosion products. The corrosion products consisted of three layers: (i) the outermost layer consists of a mixed layer of K2SO4 and Fe x O y on a partly molten layer of the initial deposit, (ii) the middle layer consists of spinel (FeCr2O4) and Fe2O3, and (iii) the innermost layer is a sponge-like Ni3S2-containing layer. At the corrosion front, Cl-rich protrusions were observed. Results indicate that selective corrosion of Fe and Cr by Cl, active oxidation, and sulfidation attack of Ni are possible corrosion mechanisms.