Internalised homophobia is differentially associated with sexual risk behaviour by race/ethnicity and HIV serostatus among substance-using men who have sex with men in the United States
ObjectivesThere is a continuing need to identify factors associated with risk for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM), including a need for further research in the ongoing scientific debate about the association of internalised homophobia and sexual risk due partly to the lack of...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Sexually transmitted infections 2015-08, Vol.91 (5), p.324-328 |
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creator | Mansergh, Gordon Spikes, Pilgrim Flores, Stephen A Koblin, Beryl A McKirnan, David Hudson, Sharon M Colfax, Grant N |
description | ObjectivesThere is a continuing need to identify factors associated with risk for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM), including a need for further research in the ongoing scientific debate about the association of internalised homophobia and sexual risk due partly to the lack of specificity in analysis. We assess the association of internalised homophobia by race/ethnicity within HIV serostatus for a large sample of substance-using MSM at high risk of HIV acquisition or transmission.MethodsConvenience sample of substance-using (non-injection) MSM reporting unprotected anal sex in the prior 6 months residing in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco. The analytic sample included HIV-negative and HIV-positive black (n=391), Latino (n=220), and white (n=458) MSM. Internalised homophobia was assessed using a published four-item scale focusing on negative self-perceptions and feelings of their own sexual behaviour with men, or for being gay or bisexual. Analyses tested associations of internalised homophobia with recent risk behaviour, stratified by laboratory-confirmed HIV serostatus within race/ethnicity, and controlling for other demographic variables.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, internalised homophobia was inversely associated (p |
doi_str_mv | 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051827 |
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We assess the association of internalised homophobia by race/ethnicity within HIV serostatus for a large sample of substance-using MSM at high risk of HIV acquisition or transmission.MethodsConvenience sample of substance-using (non-injection) MSM reporting unprotected anal sex in the prior 6 months residing in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco. The analytic sample included HIV-negative and HIV-positive black (n=391), Latino (n=220), and white (n=458) MSM. Internalised homophobia was assessed using a published four-item scale focusing on negative self-perceptions and feelings of their own sexual behaviour with men, or for being gay or bisexual. Analyses tested associations of internalised homophobia with recent risk behaviour, stratified by laboratory-confirmed HIV serostatus within race/ethnicity, and controlling for other demographic variables.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, internalised homophobia was inversely associated (p<0.05) with recent unprotected anal sex among black MSM, and not significantly associated with sexual risk behaviour among white and Latino MSM.ConclusionsMore research is needed to further identify nuanced differences in subpopulations of MSM, but these results suggest differentially targeted intervention messages for MSM by race/ethnicity.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1368-4973</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1472-3263</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2014-051827</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25512667</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England</publisher><subject>Adult ; Bisexuality - ethnology ; Bisexuality - psychology ; Chicago - epidemiology ; Ethnic Groups ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; HIV Seropositivity - complications ; HIV Seropositivity - psychology ; Homophobia - psychology ; Homosexuality, Male - ethnology ; Homosexuality, Male - psychology ; Humans ; Los Angeles - epidemiology ; Male ; New York - epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Risk-Taking ; San Francisco - epidemiology ; Self Concept ; Sexual Behavior - ethnology ; Sexual Behavior - psychology ; Sexual Partners - psychology ; Substance-Related Disorders - complications ; Substance-Related Disorders - psychology ; United States - epidemiology</subject><ispartof>Sexually transmitted infections, 2015-08, Vol.91 (5), p.324-328</ispartof><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions</rights><rights>Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://group.bmj.com/group/rights-licensing/permissions.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-b393t-c1bd012392ee0c994cd037bf6fad2205f720af27a87f76fecfa30bf8992203e13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-b393t-c1bd012392ee0c994cd037bf6fad2205f720af27a87f76fecfa30bf8992203e13</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://sti.bmj.com/content/91/5/324.full.pdf$$EPDF$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://sti.bmj.com/content/91/5/324.full$$EHTML$$P50$$Gbmj$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>114,115,314,780,784,3196,23571,27924,27925,77600,77631</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25512667$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Mansergh, Gordon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spikes, Pilgrim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flores, Stephen A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koblin, Beryl A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKirnan, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hudson, Sharon M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colfax, Grant N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Project MIX Study Group</creatorcontrib><title>Internalised homophobia is differentially associated with sexual risk behaviour by race/ethnicity and HIV serostatus among substance-using men who have sex with men in the United States</title><title>Sexually transmitted infections</title><addtitle>Sex Transm Infect</addtitle><description>ObjectivesThere is a continuing need to identify factors associated with risk for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM), including a need for further research in the ongoing scientific debate about the association of internalised homophobia and sexual risk due partly to the lack of specificity in analysis. We assess the association of internalised homophobia by race/ethnicity within HIV serostatus for a large sample of substance-using MSM at high risk of HIV acquisition or transmission.MethodsConvenience sample of substance-using (non-injection) MSM reporting unprotected anal sex in the prior 6 months residing in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco. The analytic sample included HIV-negative and HIV-positive black (n=391), Latino (n=220), and white (n=458) MSM. Internalised homophobia was assessed using a published four-item scale focusing on negative self-perceptions and feelings of their own sexual behaviour with men, or for being gay or bisexual. Analyses tested associations of internalised homophobia with recent risk behaviour, stratified by laboratory-confirmed HIV serostatus within race/ethnicity, and controlling for other demographic variables.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, internalised homophobia was inversely associated (p<0.05) with recent unprotected anal sex among black MSM, and not significantly associated with sexual risk behaviour among white and Latino MSM.ConclusionsMore research is needed to further identify nuanced differences in subpopulations of MSM, but these results suggest differentially targeted intervention messages for MSM by race/ethnicity.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Bisexuality - ethnology</subject><subject>Bisexuality - psychology</subject><subject>Chicago - epidemiology</subject><subject>Ethnic Groups</subject><subject>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</subject><subject>HIV Seropositivity - complications</subject><subject>HIV Seropositivity - psychology</subject><subject>Homophobia - psychology</subject><subject>Homosexuality, Male - ethnology</subject><subject>Homosexuality, Male - psychology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Los Angeles - epidemiology</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>New York - epidemiology</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Risk-Taking</subject><subject>San Francisco - epidemiology</subject><subject>Self Concept</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior - ethnology</subject><subject>Sexual Behavior - psychology</subject><subject>Sexual Partners - psychology</subject><subject>Substance-Related Disorders - complications</subject><subject>Substance-Related Disorders - psychology</subject><subject>United States - epidemiology</subject><issn>1368-4973</issn><issn>1472-3263</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1u1TAUhCMEoqXlDRDykk16_ZPEyRJV0F6pEgtot5HtHBOXxL74OLT30Xi7OkrLmpV97JlvbE1RfGD0gjHR7BAeU1QeS05ZVdKatVy-Kk5ZJXkpeCNe571o2rLqpDgp3iHeU0obWXdvixNe14w3jTwt_u59gujV5BAGMoY5HMagnSIOyeCshQg-OTVNR6IQg3EqZd2DSyPJD1jURKLDX0TDqP64sESijyQqAztIo3fGpezzA7ne32V9DJhUWpCoOfifBBedZ2-gXNDleQZPHsZAMgpW-haznjpP0gjk1rs1_XuGAJ4Xb6yaEN4_r2fF7dcvPy6vy5tvV_vLzzelFp1IpWF6oIyLjgNQ03WVGaiQ2jZWDZzT2kpOleVStdLKxoKxSlBt267LtwKYOCs-bdxDDL8XwNTPDg1Mk_IQFuxZ07U0g1idpdUmNfmnGMH2h-hmFY89o_1aWv9SWr-W1m-lZdvH54RFzzD8M720lAW7TaDn-_9DPgFSK6m7</recordid><startdate>201508</startdate><enddate>201508</enddate><creator>Mansergh, Gordon</creator><creator>Spikes, Pilgrim</creator><creator>Flores, Stephen A</creator><creator>Koblin, Beryl A</creator><creator>McKirnan, David</creator><creator>Hudson, Sharon M</creator><creator>Colfax, Grant N</creator><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201508</creationdate><title>Internalised homophobia is differentially associated with sexual risk behaviour by race/ethnicity and HIV serostatus among substance-using men who have sex with men in the United States</title><author>Mansergh, Gordon ; Spikes, Pilgrim ; Flores, Stephen A ; Koblin, Beryl A ; McKirnan, David ; Hudson, Sharon M ; Colfax, Grant N</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-b393t-c1bd012392ee0c994cd037bf6fad2205f720af27a87f76fecfa30bf8992203e13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Bisexuality - ethnology</topic><topic>Bisexuality - psychology</topic><topic>Chicago - epidemiology</topic><topic>Ethnic Groups</topic><topic>Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice</topic><topic>HIV Seropositivity - complications</topic><topic>HIV Seropositivity - psychology</topic><topic>Homophobia - psychology</topic><topic>Homosexuality, Male - ethnology</topic><topic>Homosexuality, Male - psychology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Los Angeles - epidemiology</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>New York - epidemiology</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Risk-Taking</topic><topic>San Francisco - epidemiology</topic><topic>Self Concept</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior - ethnology</topic><topic>Sexual Behavior - psychology</topic><topic>Sexual Partners - psychology</topic><topic>Substance-Related Disorders - complications</topic><topic>Substance-Related Disorders - psychology</topic><topic>United States - epidemiology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Mansergh, Gordon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Spikes, Pilgrim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Flores, Stephen A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Koblin, Beryl A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McKirnan, David</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hudson, Sharon M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Colfax, Grant N</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Project MIX Study Group</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Sexually transmitted infections</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Mansergh, Gordon</au><au>Spikes, Pilgrim</au><au>Flores, Stephen A</au><au>Koblin, Beryl A</au><au>McKirnan, David</au><au>Hudson, Sharon M</au><au>Colfax, Grant N</au><aucorp>Project MIX Study Group</aucorp><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Internalised homophobia is differentially associated with sexual risk behaviour by race/ethnicity and HIV serostatus among substance-using men who have sex with men in the United States</atitle><jtitle>Sexually transmitted infections</jtitle><addtitle>Sex Transm Infect</addtitle><date>2015-08</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>91</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>324</spage><epage>328</epage><pages>324-328</pages><issn>1368-4973</issn><eissn>1472-3263</eissn><abstract>ObjectivesThere is a continuing need to identify factors associated with risk for HIV transmission among men who have sex with men (MSM), including a need for further research in the ongoing scientific debate about the association of internalised homophobia and sexual risk due partly to the lack of specificity in analysis. We assess the association of internalised homophobia by race/ethnicity within HIV serostatus for a large sample of substance-using MSM at high risk of HIV acquisition or transmission.MethodsConvenience sample of substance-using (non-injection) MSM reporting unprotected anal sex in the prior 6 months residing in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York and San Francisco. The analytic sample included HIV-negative and HIV-positive black (n=391), Latino (n=220), and white (n=458) MSM. Internalised homophobia was assessed using a published four-item scale focusing on negative self-perceptions and feelings of their own sexual behaviour with men, or for being gay or bisexual. Analyses tested associations of internalised homophobia with recent risk behaviour, stratified by laboratory-confirmed HIV serostatus within race/ethnicity, and controlling for other demographic variables.ResultsIn multivariate analysis, internalised homophobia was inversely associated (p<0.05) with recent unprotected anal sex among black MSM, and not significantly associated with sexual risk behaviour among white and Latino MSM.ConclusionsMore research is needed to further identify nuanced differences in subpopulations of MSM, but these results suggest differentially targeted intervention messages for MSM by race/ethnicity.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pmid>25512667</pmid><doi>10.1136/sextrans-2014-051827</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adult Bisexuality - ethnology Bisexuality - psychology Chicago - epidemiology Ethnic Groups Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice HIV Seropositivity - complications HIV Seropositivity - psychology Homophobia - psychology Homosexuality, Male - ethnology Homosexuality, Male - psychology Humans Los Angeles - epidemiology Male New York - epidemiology Risk Factors Risk-Taking San Francisco - epidemiology Self Concept Sexual Behavior - ethnology Sexual Behavior - psychology Sexual Partners - psychology Substance-Related Disorders - complications Substance-Related Disorders - psychology United States - epidemiology |
title | Internalised homophobia is differentially associated with sexual risk behaviour by race/ethnicity and HIV serostatus among substance-using men who have sex with men in the United States |
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