Defining thresholds in occupational and environmental toxicology
When a chemical causes a defined form of toxicity, the threshold is the maximum exposure when this toxicity does not occur. It is an operational parameter and is limited in its interpretation and applicability. The aim of this paper is to consider biological parameters which influence exposure-respo...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Toxicology letters 1995-05, Vol.77 (1), p.109-118 |
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| container_end_page | 118 |
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| container_title | Toxicology letters |
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| creator | Aldridge, W.Norman |
| description | When a chemical causes a defined form of toxicity, the threshold is the maximum exposure when this toxicity does not occur. It is an operational parameter and is limited in its interpretation and applicability. The aim of this paper is to consider biological parameters which influence exposure-response relationships. Biomonitoring of dose and effects has much potential for defining thresholds in human exposure; extension of their use in experimental studies on new compounds should help predictions to thresholds for human exposure. Intoxication initiated by both reversible and covalent interactions with targets are discussed and, as exposure is reduced and the time of exposure extended, changes in the shape of the dose-response curves examined for acute and delayed neuropathy (axonopathy) and for carcinogenesis. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/0378-4274(95)03279-7 |
| format | Article |
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It is an operational parameter and is limited in its interpretation and applicability. The aim of this paper is to consider biological parameters which influence exposure-response relationships. Biomonitoring of dose and effects has much potential for defining thresholds in human exposure; extension of their use in experimental studies on new compounds should help predictions to thresholds for human exposure. 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Methods</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Maximum Allowable Concentration</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Nitrosamines</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Organophosphorus compounds</subject><subject>Risk Assessment</subject><subject>Target turnover</subject><subject>Toxicology</subject><issn>0378-4274</issn><issn>1879-3169</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kMlOwzAQQC0EKmX5A5ByQAgOATtx7PiCQGWVKnGBs-XYk9YosYudVvTvSWnUI6cZzbxZ9BA6I_iGYMJucc7LlGacXoniGucZFynfQ2NS9klOmNhH4x1yiI5i_MIYM8qKERpxRkqS0TG6f4TaOutmSTcPEOe-MTGxLvFaLxeqs96pJlHOJOBWNnjXguv6Sud_rPaNn61P0EGtmginQzxGn89PH5PXdPr-8jZ5mKaaEt6lNTVFxSgtclMqQQVRjJuMUqB1RQwFpQwRlcCMC6O4qjWoyhQlMzUFDQD5Mbrc7l0E_72E2MnWRg1Noxz4ZZSElZxxTnqQbkEdfIwBarkItlVhLQmWG3FyY0VurEhRyD9xkvdj58P-ZdWC2Q0Npvr-xdBXUaumDsppG3dYXpSEZpvrd1sMehcrC0FGbcFpMDaA7qTx9v8_fgG6g4tS</recordid><startdate>19950501</startdate><enddate>19950501</enddate><creator>Aldridge, W.Norman</creator><general>Elsevier Ireland Ltd</general><general>Elsevier Science</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950501</creationdate><title>Defining thresholds in occupational and environmental toxicology</title><author>Aldridge, W.Norman</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c417t-f4d5b64453d8a9491a67d244e4fb1d4eaad19b90679da7afceabd586df4eceee3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>2,5-Hexanedione</topic><topic>Acrylamide</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Axonopathies</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Carcinogenesis</topic><topic>Dose-Response Relationship, Drug</topic><topic>Drug Monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>General aspects. Methods</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Maximum Allowable Concentration</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Nitrosamines</topic><topic>Occupational Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Organophosphorus compounds</topic><topic>Risk Assessment</topic><topic>Target turnover</topic><topic>Toxicology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Aldridge, W.Norman</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Toxicology letters</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Aldridge, W.Norman</au><au>Chambers, CM (eds)</au><au>Chambers, PL</au><au>Mutti, A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Defining thresholds in occupational and environmental toxicology</atitle><jtitle>Toxicology letters</jtitle><addtitle>Toxicol Lett</addtitle><date>1995-05-01</date><risdate>1995</risdate><volume>77</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>109</spage><epage>118</epage><pages>109-118</pages><issn>0378-4274</issn><eissn>1879-3169</eissn><coden>TOLED5</coden><abstract>When a chemical causes a defined form of toxicity, the threshold is the maximum exposure when this toxicity does not occur. 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| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0378-4274 |
| ispartof | Toxicology letters, 1995-05, Vol.77 (1), p.109-118 |
| issn | 0378-4274 1879-3169 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier) |
| subjects | 2,5-Hexanedione Acrylamide Animals Axonopathies Biological and medical sciences Carcinogenesis Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Drug Monitoring Environmental Pollutants - analysis General aspects. Methods Humans Maximum Allowable Concentration Medical sciences Nitrosamines Occupational Exposure - analysis Organophosphorus compounds Risk Assessment Target turnover Toxicology |
| title | Defining thresholds in occupational and environmental toxicology |
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