Self-esteem growth trajectory from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence
The present study examined the trajectory of self-esteem from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence in a prospective cohort sample with a 26-year follow-up. Participants of a Finnish cohort study in 1983 at 16 years (N=2194) were followed up at ages 22 (N=1656), 32 (N=1471)...
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description | The present study examined the trajectory of self-esteem from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence in a prospective cohort sample with a 26-year follow-up. Participants of a Finnish cohort study in 1983 at 16 years (N=2194) were followed up at ages 22 (N=1656), 32 (N=1471) and 42 (N=1334) years. Self-esteem development was analyzed using latent growth curve models with parental socioeconomic status (SES), parental divorce, school achievement, daily smoking, and heavy drinking as time invariant covariates. Self-esteem grew linearly from 16 to 32 years, but stabilized after that with no growth between 32 and 42 years. Males had significantly higher self-esteem throughout the follow-up, although females had a faster growth rate. Better school performance and higher parental SES were associated with a higher initial level of self-esteem among both genders, while parental divorce among females and daily smoking among males were associated with a lower initial level of self-esteem. Among females the growth rate of self-esteem was practically unaffected by the studied covariates. Among males, however, the initial differences in self-esteem favouring those from a higher SES background were indicated to diminish, while the differences between non-smokers and smokers were indicated to increase. The studied adolescent covariates combined had only limited predictive value for the later self-esteem development. However, the effects of any covariate on the level and slope of the self-esteem trajectory, even if small, should be assessed in combination in order to identify whether they lead to converging, diverging or constantly equidistant self-esteem trajectories. The findings highlight the variety of roles that adolescent behaviours and social environments may have in the developmental process of self-esteem from adolescence into mid-adulthood. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.alcr.2014.12.003 |
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Participants of a Finnish cohort study in 1983 at 16 years (N=2194) were followed up at ages 22 (N=1656), 32 (N=1471) and 42 (N=1334) years. Self-esteem development was analyzed using latent growth curve models with parental socioeconomic status (SES), parental divorce, school achievement, daily smoking, and heavy drinking as time invariant covariates. Self-esteem grew linearly from 16 to 32 years, but stabilized after that with no growth between 32 and 42 years. Males had significantly higher self-esteem throughout the follow-up, although females had a faster growth rate. Better school performance and higher parental SES were associated with a higher initial level of self-esteem among both genders, while parental divorce among females and daily smoking among males were associated with a lower initial level of self-esteem. Among females the growth rate of self-esteem was practically unaffected by the studied covariates. Among males, however, the initial differences in self-esteem favouring those from a higher SES background were indicated to diminish, while the differences between non-smokers and smokers were indicated to increase. The studied adolescent covariates combined had only limited predictive value for the later self-esteem development. However, the effects of any covariate on the level and slope of the self-esteem trajectory, even if small, should be assessed in combination in order to identify whether they lead to converging, diverging or constantly equidistant self-esteem trajectories. The findings highlight the variety of roles that adolescent behaviours and social environments may have in the developmental process of self-esteem from adolescence into mid-adulthood.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1040-2608</identifier><identifier>ISSN: 1569-4909</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1879-6974</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.alcr.2014.12.003</identifier><identifier>PMID: 26047839</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Academic Achievement ; Adolescence ; Adolescent ; Adolescent Development ; Adolescents ; Adult ; Divorce ; Female ; Females ; Finland ; Human Development ; Humans ; Life course ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Mid-adulthood ; Parents ; Predictors of development ; Self Concept ; Self Esteem ; Sex Differences ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Status ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Advances in life course research, 2015-03, Vol.23, p.29-43</ispartof><rights>2014 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-5f999afae8135f617e63b92c8de0cff764c51cfbc0803bc6fdb54cbc9fbd5a023</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c389t-5f999afae8135f617e63b92c8de0cff764c51cfbc0803bc6fdb54cbc9fbd5a023</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,33780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26047839$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kiviruusu, Olli</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Huurre, Taina</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aro, Hillevi</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marttunen, Mauri</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haukkala, Ari</creatorcontrib><title>Self-esteem growth trajectory from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence</title><title>Advances in life course research</title><addtitle>Adv Life Course Res</addtitle><description>The present study examined the trajectory of self-esteem from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence in a prospective cohort sample with a 26-year follow-up. Participants of a Finnish cohort study in 1983 at 16 years (N=2194) were followed up at ages 22 (N=1656), 32 (N=1471) and 42 (N=1334) years. Self-esteem development was analyzed using latent growth curve models with parental socioeconomic status (SES), parental divorce, school achievement, daily smoking, and heavy drinking as time invariant covariates. Self-esteem grew linearly from 16 to 32 years, but stabilized after that with no growth between 32 and 42 years. Males had significantly higher self-esteem throughout the follow-up, although females had a faster growth rate. Better school performance and higher parental SES were associated with a higher initial level of self-esteem among both genders, while parental divorce among females and daily smoking among males were associated with a lower initial level of self-esteem. Among females the growth rate of self-esteem was practically unaffected by the studied covariates. Among males, however, the initial differences in self-esteem favouring those from a higher SES background were indicated to diminish, while the differences between non-smokers and smokers were indicated to increase. The studied adolescent covariates combined had only limited predictive value for the later self-esteem development. However, the effects of any covariate on the level and slope of the self-esteem trajectory, even if small, should be assessed in combination in order to identify whether they lead to converging, diverging or constantly equidistant self-esteem trajectories. The findings highlight the variety of roles that adolescent behaviours and social environments may have in the developmental process of self-esteem from adolescence into mid-adulthood.</description><subject>Academic Achievement</subject><subject>Adolescence</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adolescent Development</subject><subject>Adolescents</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Divorce</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Females</subject><subject>Finland</subject><subject>Human Development</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Life course</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mid-adulthood</subject><subject>Parents</subject><subject>Predictors of development</subject><subject>Self Concept</subject><subject>Self Esteem</subject><subject>Sex Differences</subject><subject>Smoking</subject><subject>Social Class</subject><subject>Socioeconomic Status</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1040-2608</issn><issn>1569-4909</issn><issn>1879-6974</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BHHNA</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU9v1DAQxS0EolXpF-gB-cglYSaOnVjigir-SZU40J4txx5Tr5L1YmdB_fZ1tAVxgpNH1ntPM7_H2BVCi4Dq7a61s8ttB9i32LUA4hk7x3HQjdJD_7zO0EPTKRjP2GUpOwBAjaqT8iU7q9_9MAp9zuw3mkNDZSVa-Pecfq33fM12R25N-YGHnBZufZqpONo74mviS_SN9cd5vU_Jc7v3PK6FHzL5uJkKj_u_La_Yi2DnQpdP7wW7-_jh9vpzc_P105fr9zeNE6NeGxm01jZYGlHIoHAgJSbdudETuBAG1TuJLkwORhCTU8FPsneT02Hy0kInLtibU-4hpx_HepFZYt1gnu2e0rEYHIRUcgDE_0vVqHrsxbCldiepy6mUTMEcclxsfjAIZivC7MxWhNmKMNiZWkQ1vX7KP04L-T-W39ir4N1JQBXIz0jZFBc3WD7mSt74FP-V_wglEZsj</recordid><startdate>20150301</startdate><enddate>20150301</enddate><creator>Kiviruusu, Olli</creator><creator>Huurre, Taina</creator><creator>Aro, Hillevi</creator><creator>Marttunen, Mauri</creator><creator>Haukkala, Ari</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U4</scope><scope>BHHNA</scope><scope>DWI</scope><scope>WZK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150301</creationdate><title>Self-esteem growth trajectory from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence</title><author>Kiviruusu, Olli ; 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Participants of a Finnish cohort study in 1983 at 16 years (N=2194) were followed up at ages 22 (N=1656), 32 (N=1471) and 42 (N=1334) years. Self-esteem development was analyzed using latent growth curve models with parental socioeconomic status (SES), parental divorce, school achievement, daily smoking, and heavy drinking as time invariant covariates. Self-esteem grew linearly from 16 to 32 years, but stabilized after that with no growth between 32 and 42 years. Males had significantly higher self-esteem throughout the follow-up, although females had a faster growth rate. Better school performance and higher parental SES were associated with a higher initial level of self-esteem among both genders, while parental divorce among females and daily smoking among males were associated with a lower initial level of self-esteem. Among females the growth rate of self-esteem was practically unaffected by the studied covariates. Among males, however, the initial differences in self-esteem favouring those from a higher SES background were indicated to diminish, while the differences between non-smokers and smokers were indicated to increase. The studied adolescent covariates combined had only limited predictive value for the later self-esteem development. However, the effects of any covariate on the level and slope of the self-esteem trajectory, even if small, should be assessed in combination in order to identify whether they lead to converging, diverging or constantly equidistant self-esteem trajectories. The findings highlight the variety of roles that adolescent behaviours and social environments may have in the developmental process of self-esteem from adolescence into mid-adulthood.</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>26047839</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.alcr.2014.12.003</doi><tpages>15</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Academic Achievement Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Development Adolescents Adult Divorce Female Females Finland Human Development Humans Life course Longitudinal Studies Male Mid-adulthood Parents Predictors of development Self Concept Self Esteem Sex Differences Smoking Social Class Socioeconomic Status Young Adult |
title | Self-esteem growth trajectory from adolescence to mid-adulthood and its predictors in adolescence |
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