Solvent Exposure as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study
This case-control study investigates whether history of organic solvent exposure is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study base includes about 23,000 persons aged 60 years or more from the local membership of a health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington, wh...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of epidemiology 1995-06, Vol.141 (11), p.1059-1071 |
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| container_title | American journal of epidemiology |
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| creator | Kukull, Walter A. Larson, Eric B. Bowen, James D. McCormick, Wayne C. Teri, Linda Pfanschmidt, Meredith L. Thompson, Jill D. O'Meara, Ellen S. Brenner, Daniel E. van Belle, Gerald |
| description | This case-control study investigates whether history of organic solvent exposure is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study base includes about 23,000 persons aged 60 years or more from the local membership of a health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington, who entered the study between 1987 and 1992. Probable Alzheimer's disease cases (n = 193) who had presented with new dementia symptoms were identified, enrolled, and diagnosed by our Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry following standardized criteria. Control subjects (n = 243), free of dementia and neurologic disease causing dementia, were selected randomly from the study base and frequency matched to cases for age and sex. Proxy informants provided specific solvent exposure history as well as job descriptions likely to involve solvent use as part of a comprehensive risk factor interview. Kappa statistics indicated substantial agreement for control-control proxy solvent responses. History of exposure to one or more solvent groups (benzene and toluene; phenols and alcohols; ketones; other solvents) yielded an adjusted Alzheimer's disease odds ratio of 2.3 (95 percent confidence interval 1.1–4.7); among males only, it increased to 6.0 (95% confidence interval 2.1–17.2). Thus, past exposure to organic solvents may be associated with onset of Alzheimer's disease. Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:1059–71. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117370 |
| format | Article |
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The study base includes about 23,000 persons aged 60 years or more from the local membership of a health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington, who entered the study between 1987 and 1992. Probable Alzheimer's disease cases (n = 193) who had presented with new dementia symptoms were identified, enrolled, and diagnosed by our Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry following standardized criteria. Control subjects (n = 243), free of dementia and neurologic disease causing dementia, were selected randomly from the study base and frequency matched to cases for age and sex. Proxy informants provided specific solvent exposure history as well as job descriptions likely to involve solvent use as part of a comprehensive risk factor interview. Kappa statistics indicated substantial agreement for control-control proxy solvent responses. History of exposure to one or more solvent groups (benzene and toluene; phenols and alcohols; ketones; other solvents) yielded an adjusted Alzheimer's disease odds ratio of 2.3 (95 percent confidence interval 1.1–4.7); among males only, it increased to 6.0 (95% confidence interval 2.1–17.2). Thus, past exposure to organic solvents may be associated with onset of Alzheimer's disease. Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:1059–71.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0002-9262</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-6256</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117370</identifier><identifier>PMID: 7771442</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Oxford University Press</publisher><subject>Age Factors ; Aged ; Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology ; Alzheimer Disease - chemically induced ; Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology ; Alzheimer's disease ; Case-Control Studies ; Confidence Intervals ; dementia ; Educational Status ; Female ; Humans ; Job Description ; Male ; Middle Aged ; neurotoxins ; Observer Variation ; Occupational Exposure ; Odds Ratio ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Sex Factors ; solvents ; Solvents - adverse effects ; Time Factors</subject><ispartof>American journal of epidemiology, 1995-06, Vol.141 (11), p.1059-1071</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-ce7d2e97b417b3b56207044c0b2e70baa12b1e88003b2167b551745acd4505263</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27869,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7771442$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kukull, Walter A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Larson, Eric B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bowen, James D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>McCormick, Wayne C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Teri, Linda</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pfanschmidt, Meredith L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thompson, Jill D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>O'Meara, Ellen S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brenner, Daniel E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Belle, Gerald</creatorcontrib><title>Solvent Exposure as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study</title><title>American journal of epidemiology</title><addtitle>Am J Epidemiol</addtitle><description>This case-control study investigates whether history of organic solvent exposure is associated with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study base includes about 23,000 persons aged 60 years or more from the local membership of a health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington, who entered the study between 1987 and 1992. Probable Alzheimer's disease cases (n = 193) who had presented with new dementia symptoms were identified, enrolled, and diagnosed by our Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry following standardized criteria. Control subjects (n = 243), free of dementia and neurologic disease causing dementia, were selected randomly from the study base and frequency matched to cases for age and sex. Proxy informants provided specific solvent exposure history as well as job descriptions likely to involve solvent use as part of a comprehensive risk factor interview. Kappa statistics indicated substantial agreement for control-control proxy solvent responses. History of exposure to one or more solvent groups (benzene and toluene; phenols and alcohols; ketones; other solvents) yielded an adjusted Alzheimer's disease odds ratio of 2.3 (95 percent confidence interval 1.1–4.7); among males only, it increased to 6.0 (95% confidence interval 2.1–17.2). Thus, past exposure to organic solvents may be associated with onset of Alzheimer's disease. Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:1059–71.</description><subject>Age Factors</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - chemically induced</subject><subject>Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology</subject><subject>Alzheimer's disease</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>Confidence Intervals</subject><subject>dementia</subject><subject>Educational Status</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Job Description</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>neurotoxins</subject><subject>Observer Variation</subject><subject>Occupational Exposure</subject><subject>Odds Ratio</subject><subject>Regression Analysis</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Sensitivity and Specificity</subject><subject>Sex Factors</subject><subject>solvents</subject><subject>Solvents - adverse effects</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><issn>0002-9262</issn><issn>1476-6256</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1995</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>K30</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkF1LG0EUhofSoqntTxCGFuzVxjPfiXchmmpJFauCeDPM7J7gxk0mzuyW6K93JFFor87F-3V4CPnGoM9gKA7DehZiNQ9dXLom9d0c-44xIwx8ID0mjS40V_oj6QEAL4Zc813yOaU5AGNDBTtkxxjDpOQ9cnEVmr-4bOnJehVSF5G6RB39U6cHOnFlGyLNW3TUPN9jvcD4I9HjOqFLeERHdJxvMQ7LNoaGXrVd9fSFfJrln_Dr9u6Rm8nJ9fi0mF78PBuPpkUpjWmLEk3FcWi8ZMYLrzQHA1KW4Dka8M4x7hkOBgDCc6aNV4oZqVxZSQWKa7FHDja9qxgeO0ytXdSpxKZxSwxdskwPtJDAs_H7f8Y3bpYJ0FoxPhDZdbRxlTGkFHFmV7FeuPhkGdhX5vZf5jYzt1vmOby_nej8Aqv36BZy1ouNXqcW1--yiw9W5wJlT2_v7N35-fTy8tfE_hYv4kmQwg</recordid><startdate>19950601</startdate><enddate>19950601</enddate><creator>Kukull, Walter A.</creator><creator>Larson, Eric B.</creator><creator>Bowen, James D.</creator><creator>McCormick, Wayne C.</creator><creator>Teri, Linda</creator><creator>Pfanschmidt, Meredith L.</creator><creator>Thompson, Jill D.</creator><creator>O'Meara, Ellen S.</creator><creator>Brenner, Daniel E.</creator><creator>van Belle, Gerald</creator><general>Oxford University Press</general><general>School of Hygiene and Public Health of the Johns Hopkins University</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>HVZBN</scope><scope>K30</scope><scope>PAAUG</scope><scope>PAWHS</scope><scope>PAWZZ</scope><scope>PAXOH</scope><scope>PBHAV</scope><scope>PBQSW</scope><scope>PBYQZ</scope><scope>PCIWU</scope><scope>PCMID</scope><scope>PCZJX</scope><scope>PDGRG</scope><scope>PDWWI</scope><scope>PETMR</scope><scope>PFVGT</scope><scope>PGXDX</scope><scope>PIHIL</scope><scope>PISVA</scope><scope>PJCTQ</scope><scope>PJTMS</scope><scope>PLCHJ</scope><scope>PMHAD</scope><scope>PNQDJ</scope><scope>POUND</scope><scope>PPLAD</scope><scope>PQAPC</scope><scope>PQCAN</scope><scope>PQCMW</scope><scope>PQEME</scope><scope>PQHKH</scope><scope>PQMID</scope><scope>PQNCT</scope><scope>PQNET</scope><scope>PQSCT</scope><scope>PQSET</scope><scope>PSVJG</scope><scope>PVMQY</scope><scope>PZGFC</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19950601</creationdate><title>Solvent Exposure as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study</title><author>Kukull, Walter A. ; Larson, Eric B. ; Bowen, James D. ; McCormick, Wayne C. ; Teri, Linda ; Pfanschmidt, Meredith L. ; Thompson, Jill D. ; O'Meara, Ellen S. ; Brenner, Daniel E. ; van Belle, Gerald</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c477t-ce7d2e97b417b3b56207044c0b2e70baa12b1e88003b2167b551745acd4505263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1995</creationdate><topic>Age Factors</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Alcohol Drinking - 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The study base includes about 23,000 persons aged 60 years or more from the local membership of a health maintenance organization in Seattle, Washington, who entered the study between 1987 and 1992. Probable Alzheimer's disease cases (n = 193) who had presented with new dementia symptoms were identified, enrolled, and diagnosed by our Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry following standardized criteria. Control subjects (n = 243), free of dementia and neurologic disease causing dementia, were selected randomly from the study base and frequency matched to cases for age and sex. Proxy informants provided specific solvent exposure history as well as job descriptions likely to involve solvent use as part of a comprehensive risk factor interview. Kappa statistics indicated substantial agreement for control-control proxy solvent responses. History of exposure to one or more solvent groups (benzene and toluene; phenols and alcohols; ketones; other solvents) yielded an adjusted Alzheimer's disease odds ratio of 2.3 (95 percent confidence interval 1.1–4.7); among males only, it increased to 6.0 (95% confidence interval 2.1–17.2). Thus, past exposure to organic solvents may be associated with onset of Alzheimer's disease. Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:1059–71.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Oxford University Press</pub><pmid>7771442</pmid><doi>10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117370</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | American journal of epidemiology, 1995-06, Vol.141 (11), p.1059-1071 |
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| source | Oxford University Press Journals Digital Archive legacy; MEDLINE; Periodicals Index Online |
| subjects | Age Factors Aged Alcohol Drinking - epidemiology Alzheimer Disease - chemically induced Alzheimer Disease - epidemiology Alzheimer's disease Case-Control Studies Confidence Intervals dementia Educational Status Female Humans Job Description Male Middle Aged neurotoxins Observer Variation Occupational Exposure Odds Ratio Regression Analysis Risk Factors Sensitivity and Specificity Sex Factors solvents Solvents - adverse effects Time Factors |
| title | Solvent Exposure as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study |
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