In situ application of activated carbon and biochar to PCB-contaminated soil and the effects of mixing regime
The in situ use of carbon amendments such as activated carbon (AC) and biochar to minimize the bioavailability of organic contaminants is gaining in popularity. In the first in situ experiment conducted at a Canadian PCB-contaminated Brownfield site, GAC and two types of biochar were statistically e...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental pollution (1987) 2013-11, Vol.182, p.201-208 |
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| creator | Denyes, Mackenzie J. Rutter, Allison Zeeb, Barbara A. |
| description | The in situ use of carbon amendments such as activated carbon (AC) and biochar to minimize the bioavailability of organic contaminants is gaining in popularity. In the first in situ experiment conducted at a Canadian PCB-contaminated Brownfield site, GAC and two types of biochar were statistically equal at reducing PCB uptake into plants. PCB concentrations in Cucurbita pepo root tissue were reduced by 74%, 72% and 64%, with the addition of 2.8% GAC, Burt's biochar and BlueLeaf biochar, respectively. A complementary greenhouse study which included a bioaccumulation study of Eisenia fetida (earthworm), found mechanically mixing carbon amendments with PCB-contaminated soil (i.e. 24 h at 30 rpm) resulted in shoot, root and worm PCB concentrations 66%, 59% and 39% lower than in the manually mixed treatments (i.e. with a spade and bucket). Therefore, studies which mechanically mix carbon amendments with contaminated soil may over-estimate the short-term potential to reduce PCB bioavailability.
[Display omitted]
•Biochar and GAC reduced PCB uptake into plants and earthworms.•Biochar offered additional benefits, including increased plant and earthworm biomass.•BSAF reductions are greater when amendments are mechanically vs. manually mixed.•Mechanically mixing carbon amendments may over-estimate their remediation potential.
In situ AC and biochar soil amendments perform equally well at reducing PCB uptake, however, laboratory-based mixing methods may exaggerate the sorptive capacities of both amendments. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.016 |
| format | Article |
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[Display omitted]
•Biochar and GAC reduced PCB uptake into plants and earthworms.•Biochar offered additional benefits, including increased plant and earthworm biomass.•BSAF reductions are greater when amendments are mechanically vs. manually mixed.•Mechanically mixing carbon amendments may over-estimate their remediation potential.
In situ AC and biochar soil amendments perform equally well at reducing PCB uptake, however, laboratory-based mixing methods may exaggerate the sorptive capacities of both amendments.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-7491</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1873-6424</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.016</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23933124</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ENVPAF</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Kidlington: Elsevier Ltd</publisher><subject>Activated carbon ; Animals ; Applied sciences ; bioaccumulation ; Bioavailability ; Biochar ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Carbon ; Charcoal - chemistry ; Cucurbita pepo ; Decontamination. Miscellaneous ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; earthworms ; Eisenia fetida ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods ; Exact sciences and technology ; Greenhouses ; In situ immobilization ; mixing ; Oligochaeta - metabolism ; Phytoextraction ; polluted soils ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - chemistry ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism ; Remediation ; Roots ; shoots ; Soil (material) ; Soil - chemistry ; Soil and sediments pollution ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; Soil Pollutants - chemistry ; Soil Pollutants - metabolism ; Uptakes</subject><ispartof>Environmental pollution (1987), 2013-11, Vol.182, p.201-208</ispartof><rights>2013 Elsevier Ltd</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a622t-cd3f62ed93038b9e6d0b36d1c8246af4769192491eac63da94b9ef4741a541f03</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a622t-cd3f62ed93038b9e6d0b36d1c8246af4769192491eac63da94b9ef4741a541f03</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.016$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,3551,27926,27927,45997</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27798272$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23933124$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Denyes, Mackenzie J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rutter, Allison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeeb, Barbara A.</creatorcontrib><title>In situ application of activated carbon and biochar to PCB-contaminated soil and the effects of mixing regime</title><title>Environmental pollution (1987)</title><addtitle>Environ Pollut</addtitle><description>The in situ use of carbon amendments such as activated carbon (AC) and biochar to minimize the bioavailability of organic contaminants is gaining in popularity. In the first in situ experiment conducted at a Canadian PCB-contaminated Brownfield site, GAC and two types of biochar were statistically equal at reducing PCB uptake into plants. PCB concentrations in Cucurbita pepo root tissue were reduced by 74%, 72% and 64%, with the addition of 2.8% GAC, Burt's biochar and BlueLeaf biochar, respectively. A complementary greenhouse study which included a bioaccumulation study of Eisenia fetida (earthworm), found mechanically mixing carbon amendments with PCB-contaminated soil (i.e. 24 h at 30 rpm) resulted in shoot, root and worm PCB concentrations 66%, 59% and 39% lower than in the manually mixed treatments (i.e. with a spade and bucket). Therefore, studies which mechanically mix carbon amendments with contaminated soil may over-estimate the short-term potential to reduce PCB bioavailability.
[Display omitted]
•Biochar and GAC reduced PCB uptake into plants and earthworms.•Biochar offered additional benefits, including increased plant and earthworm biomass.•BSAF reductions are greater when amendments are mechanically vs. manually mixed.•Mechanically mixing carbon amendments may over-estimate their remediation potential.
In situ AC and biochar soil amendments perform equally well at reducing PCB uptake, however, laboratory-based mixing methods may exaggerate the sorptive capacities of both amendments.</description><subject>Activated carbon</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>bioaccumulation</subject><subject>Bioavailability</subject><subject>Biochar</subject><subject>Biodegradation, Environmental</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Charcoal - chemistry</subject><subject>Cucurbita pepo</subject><subject>Decontamination. Miscellaneous</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>earthworms</subject><subject>Eisenia fetida</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Greenhouses</subject><subject>In situ immobilization</subject><subject>mixing</subject><subject>Oligochaeta - metabolism</subject><subject>Phytoextraction</subject><subject>polluted soils</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Polychlorinated biphenyls</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - chemistry</subject><subject>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism</subject><subject>Remediation</subject><subject>Roots</subject><subject>shoots</subject><subject>Soil (material)</subject><subject>Soil - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil and sediments pollution</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - chemistry</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - metabolism</subject><subject>Uptakes</subject><issn>0269-7491</issn><issn>1873-6424</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkkuLFDEURgtRnJ7RfyCajTCbKvOqVNVG0MbHwICCzjrcyqMnTVXSJulG_73prlZ36ipwOfnuF06q6hnBDcFEvNo2xh92YWooJqzBXVOGD6oV6TtWC075w2qFqRjqjg_korpMaYsx5oyxx9UFZQNjhPJVNd94lFzeI9jtJqcgu-BRsAhUdgfIRiMFcSwz8BqNLqh7iCgH9Hn9tlbBZ5idP2EpuOkE5XuDjLVG5XQMmt135zcomo2bzZPqkYUpmafn86q6e__u6_pjffvpw836zW0NgtJcK82soEYPDLN-HIzQeGRCE9VTLsDyTgxkoOVdBpRgGgZeoDLmBFpOLGZX1fWSu4vh296kLGeXlJkm8CbskySib3tMeiL-A-0Ea3Hb0X-jnDNOSrW2oHxBVQwpRWPlLroZ4g9JsDzqk1u56JNHfRJ3Ep_KPD9v2I-z0b8v_fJVgJdnAJKCyUbwyqU_XNcNPT1VfbFwFoKETSzM3ZeyqS1_oOTwY8PXC2GKh4MzUSbljFdGu1jcSR3c37v-BO6mwnY</recordid><startdate>20131101</startdate><enddate>20131101</enddate><creator>Denyes, Mackenzie J.</creator><creator>Rutter, Allison</creator><creator>Zeeb, Barbara A.</creator><general>Elsevier Ltd</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U6</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131101</creationdate><title>In situ application of activated carbon and biochar to PCB-contaminated soil and the effects of mixing regime</title><author>Denyes, Mackenzie J. ; Rutter, Allison ; Zeeb, Barbara A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a622t-cd3f62ed93038b9e6d0b36d1c8246af4769192491eac63da94b9ef4741a541f03</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Activated carbon</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>bioaccumulation</topic><topic>Bioavailability</topic><topic>Biochar</topic><topic>Biodegradation, Environmental</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Charcoal - chemistry</topic><topic>Cucurbita pepo</topic><topic>Decontamination. Miscellaneous</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>earthworms</topic><topic>Eisenia fetida</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Greenhouses</topic><topic>In situ immobilization</topic><topic>mixing</topic><topic>Oligochaeta - metabolism</topic><topic>Phytoextraction</topic><topic>polluted soils</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Polychlorinated biphenyls</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - chemistry</topic><topic>Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism</topic><topic>Remediation</topic><topic>Roots</topic><topic>shoots</topic><topic>Soil (material)</topic><topic>Soil - chemistry</topic><topic>Soil and sediments pollution</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - chemistry</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - metabolism</topic><topic>Uptakes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Denyes, Mackenzie J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rutter, Allison</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zeeb, Barbara A.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Sustainability Science Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><jtitle>Environmental pollution (1987)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Denyes, Mackenzie J.</au><au>Rutter, Allison</au><au>Zeeb, Barbara A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>In situ application of activated carbon and biochar to PCB-contaminated soil and the effects of mixing regime</atitle><jtitle>Environmental pollution (1987)</jtitle><addtitle>Environ Pollut</addtitle><date>2013-11-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>182</volume><spage>201</spage><epage>208</epage><pages>201-208</pages><issn>0269-7491</issn><eissn>1873-6424</eissn><coden>ENVPAF</coden><abstract>The in situ use of carbon amendments such as activated carbon (AC) and biochar to minimize the bioavailability of organic contaminants is gaining in popularity. In the first in situ experiment conducted at a Canadian PCB-contaminated Brownfield site, GAC and two types of biochar were statistically equal at reducing PCB uptake into plants. PCB concentrations in Cucurbita pepo root tissue were reduced by 74%, 72% and 64%, with the addition of 2.8% GAC, Burt's biochar and BlueLeaf biochar, respectively. A complementary greenhouse study which included a bioaccumulation study of Eisenia fetida (earthworm), found mechanically mixing carbon amendments with PCB-contaminated soil (i.e. 24 h at 30 rpm) resulted in shoot, root and worm PCB concentrations 66%, 59% and 39% lower than in the manually mixed treatments (i.e. with a spade and bucket). Therefore, studies which mechanically mix carbon amendments with contaminated soil may over-estimate the short-term potential to reduce PCB bioavailability.
[Display omitted]
•Biochar and GAC reduced PCB uptake into plants and earthworms.•Biochar offered additional benefits, including increased plant and earthworm biomass.•BSAF reductions are greater when amendments are mechanically vs. manually mixed.•Mechanically mixing carbon amendments may over-estimate their remediation potential.
In situ AC and biochar soil amendments perform equally well at reducing PCB uptake, however, laboratory-based mixing methods may exaggerate the sorptive capacities of both amendments.</abstract><cop>Kidlington</cop><pub>Elsevier Ltd</pub><pmid>23933124</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.envpol.2013.07.016</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
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| ispartof | Environmental pollution (1987), 2013-11, Vol.182, p.201-208 |
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| subjects | Activated carbon Animals Applied sciences bioaccumulation Bioavailability Biochar Biodegradation, Environmental Carbon Charcoal - chemistry Cucurbita pepo Decontamination. Miscellaneous Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space earthworms Eisenia fetida Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental Restoration and Remediation - methods Exact sciences and technology Greenhouses In situ immobilization mixing Oligochaeta - metabolism Phytoextraction polluted soils Pollution Pollution, environment geology Polychlorinated biphenyls Polychlorinated Biphenyls - analysis Polychlorinated Biphenyls - chemistry Polychlorinated Biphenyls - metabolism Remediation Roots shoots Soil (material) Soil - chemistry Soil and sediments pollution Soil Pollutants - analysis Soil Pollutants - chemistry Soil Pollutants - metabolism Uptakes |
| title | In situ application of activated carbon and biochar to PCB-contaminated soil and the effects of mixing regime |
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