Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity
Objective Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adults. It has not been established whether NAFLD is related to early atherosclerotic changes in children. Methods In a cross‐sectional study, 78 non diabetic, non smoki...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) Md.), 2015-06, Vol.23 (6), p.1239-1243 |
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| container_title | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) |
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| creator | Koot, Bart G.P. de Groot, Eric van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H. Bohte, Anneloes E. Nederveen, Aart J. Jansen, Peter L.M. Stoker, Jaap Benninga, Marc A. |
| description | Objective
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adults. It has not been established whether NAFLD is related to early atherosclerotic changes in children.
Methods
In a cross‐sectional study, 78 non diabetic, non smoking children with severe obesity were evaluated for NAFLD. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect liver steatosis and serum ALT was used as a surrogate marker for steatohepatitis. Carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and arterial wall stiffness were measured using ultrasound.
Results
Steatosis was present in 41 (53%) of subjects. Of these children, 26 out of 41 (63%) had elevated ALT levels. No differences in CIMT and arterial wall stiffness were observed between those without and with steatosis and those with steatosis plus elevated ALT levels [CIMT = 0.47 (±0.06), 0.48 (±0.06) and 0.48 (±0.07) mm, respectively; stiffness = 2.78 (±0.50), 3.00 (±0.81), and 2.90 (±0.78), respectively]. Steatosis and ALT were not correlated to CIMT (r = −0.02 and −0.14, respectively) or arterial wall stiffness (r = 0.13 and −0.11, respectively).
Conclusions
In this study, no relationship between NAFLD and early atherosclerotic changes in children was observed. An atherogenic effect of steatohepatitis (NASH) on pediatric age and long‐term atherogenic consequences of simple steatosis cannot be excluded based on this study. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/oby.21076 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1683760041</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1683760041</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4586-8da4489f85c9651286e783d4c169a9db45c06ea11a57a9f1425e8e45f71e5b883</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kM9LwzAUgIMobk4P_gMS8KKHuqRt0uSow18giqCgp5Kmrywza2bSbvS_t7q5g-DpvQcfH7wPoWNKLigh8dgV3UVMScZ30JDKhERZIt92t7ugA3QQwoyQlBNG99EgZpL3lxyi50dXK6vd1FmjcaWapsPWLMHj0gRQAbCqS6yVL41bqqBbqzz2JnxgU2M9Nbb0UOOVaabYFRBM0x2ivUrZAEebOUKvN9cvk7vo4en2fnL5EOmUCR6JUqWpkJVgWnJGY8EhE0mZasqlkmWRMk04KEoVy5SsaBozEJCyKqPACiGSETpbexfefbYQmnxuggZrVQ2uDTnlIsm-v6Q9evoHnbnW93__UH0sKqXsqfM1pb0LwUOVL7yZK9_llOTfnfO-c_7TuWdPNsa2mEO5JX_D9sB4DayMhe5_U_509b5WfgHHE4Zh</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1687391999</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity</title><source>Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals</source><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</source><creator>Koot, Bart G.P. ; de Groot, Eric ; van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H. ; Bohte, Anneloes E. ; Nederveen, Aart J. ; Jansen, Peter L.M. ; Stoker, Jaap ; Benninga, Marc A.</creator><creatorcontrib>Koot, Bart G.P. ; de Groot, Eric ; van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H. ; Bohte, Anneloes E. ; Nederveen, Aart J. ; Jansen, Peter L.M. ; Stoker, Jaap ; Benninga, Marc A.</creatorcontrib><description>Objective
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adults. It has not been established whether NAFLD is related to early atherosclerotic changes in children.
Methods
In a cross‐sectional study, 78 non diabetic, non smoking children with severe obesity were evaluated for NAFLD. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect liver steatosis and serum ALT was used as a surrogate marker for steatohepatitis. Carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and arterial wall stiffness were measured using ultrasound.
Results
Steatosis was present in 41 (53%) of subjects. Of these children, 26 out of 41 (63%) had elevated ALT levels. No differences in CIMT and arterial wall stiffness were observed between those without and with steatosis and those with steatosis plus elevated ALT levels [CIMT = 0.47 (±0.06), 0.48 (±0.06) and 0.48 (±0.07) mm, respectively; stiffness = 2.78 (±0.50), 3.00 (±0.81), and 2.90 (±0.78), respectively]. Steatosis and ALT were not correlated to CIMT (r = −0.02 and −0.14, respectively) or arterial wall stiffness (r = 0.13 and −0.11, respectively).
Conclusions
In this study, no relationship between NAFLD and early atherosclerotic changes in children was observed. An atherogenic effect of steatohepatitis (NASH) on pediatric age and long‐term atherogenic consequences of simple steatosis cannot be excluded based on this study.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1930-7381</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1930-739X</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/oby.21076</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25960049</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Atherosclerosis - etiology ; Atherosclerosis - pathology ; Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Fatty Liver - etiology ; Fatty Liver - pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin resistance ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology ; Obesity ; Obesity - complications ; Pediatric Obesity - complications ; Pediatric Obesity - pathology ; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Risk Factors ; Spectrum analysis ; Studies ; Vascular Stiffness</subject><ispartof>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2015-06, Vol.23 (6), p.1239-1243</ispartof><rights>2015 The Obesity Society</rights><rights>2015 The Obesity Society.</rights><rights>Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Jun 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4586-8da4489f85c9651286e783d4c169a9db45c06ea11a57a9f1425e8e45f71e5b883</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4586-8da4489f85c9651286e783d4c169a9db45c06ea11a57a9f1425e8e45f71e5b883</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Foby.21076$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Foby.21076$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,1433,27924,27925,45574,45575,46409,46833</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25960049$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Koot, Bart G.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Groot, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohte, Anneloes E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nederveen, Aart J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansen, Peter L.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stoker, Jaap</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benninga, Marc A.</creatorcontrib><title>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity</title><title>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)</title><addtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring)</addtitle><description>Objective
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adults. It has not been established whether NAFLD is related to early atherosclerotic changes in children.
Methods
In a cross‐sectional study, 78 non diabetic, non smoking children with severe obesity were evaluated for NAFLD. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect liver steatosis and serum ALT was used as a surrogate marker for steatohepatitis. Carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and arterial wall stiffness were measured using ultrasound.
Results
Steatosis was present in 41 (53%) of subjects. Of these children, 26 out of 41 (63%) had elevated ALT levels. No differences in CIMT and arterial wall stiffness were observed between those without and with steatosis and those with steatosis plus elevated ALT levels [CIMT = 0.47 (±0.06), 0.48 (±0.06) and 0.48 (±0.07) mm, respectively; stiffness = 2.78 (±0.50), 3.00 (±0.81), and 2.90 (±0.78), respectively]. Steatosis and ALT were not correlated to CIMT (r = −0.02 and −0.14, respectively) or arterial wall stiffness (r = 0.13 and −0.11, respectively).
Conclusions
In this study, no relationship between NAFLD and early atherosclerotic changes in children was observed. An atherogenic effect of steatohepatitis (NASH) on pediatric age and long‐term atherogenic consequences of simple steatosis cannot be excluded based on this study.</description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis - etiology</subject><subject>Atherosclerosis - pathology</subject><subject>Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis</subject><subject>Carotid Intima-Media Thickness</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Fatty Liver - etiology</subject><subject>Fatty Liver - pathology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications</subject><subject>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology</subject><subject>Obesity</subject><subject>Obesity - complications</subject><subject>Pediatric Obesity - complications</subject><subject>Pediatric Obesity - pathology</subject><subject>Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</subject><subject>Risk Factors</subject><subject>Spectrum analysis</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Vascular Stiffness</subject><issn>1930-7381</issn><issn>1930-739X</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kM9LwzAUgIMobk4P_gMS8KKHuqRt0uSow18giqCgp5Kmrywza2bSbvS_t7q5g-DpvQcfH7wPoWNKLigh8dgV3UVMScZ30JDKhERZIt92t7ugA3QQwoyQlBNG99EgZpL3lxyi50dXK6vd1FmjcaWapsPWLMHj0gRQAbCqS6yVL41bqqBbqzz2JnxgU2M9Nbb0UOOVaabYFRBM0x2ivUrZAEebOUKvN9cvk7vo4en2fnL5EOmUCR6JUqWpkJVgWnJGY8EhE0mZasqlkmWRMk04KEoVy5SsaBozEJCyKqPACiGSETpbexfefbYQmnxuggZrVQ2uDTnlIsm-v6Q9evoHnbnW93__UH0sKqXsqfM1pb0LwUOVL7yZK9_llOTfnfO-c_7TuWdPNsa2mEO5JX_D9sB4DayMhe5_U_509b5WfgHHE4Zh</recordid><startdate>201506</startdate><enddate>201506</enddate><creator>Koot, Bart G.P.</creator><creator>de Groot, Eric</creator><creator>van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H.</creator><creator>Bohte, Anneloes E.</creator><creator>Nederveen, Aart J.</creator><creator>Jansen, Peter L.M.</creator><creator>Stoker, Jaap</creator><creator>Benninga, Marc A.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201506</creationdate><title>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity</title><author>Koot, Bart G.P. ; de Groot, Eric ; van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H. ; Bohte, Anneloes E. ; Nederveen, Aart J. ; Jansen, Peter L.M. ; Stoker, Jaap ; Benninga, Marc A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4586-8da4489f85c9651286e783d4c169a9db45c06ea11a57a9f1425e8e45f71e5b883</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Atherosclerosis - etiology</topic><topic>Atherosclerosis - pathology</topic><topic>Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis</topic><topic>Carotid Intima-Media Thickness</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Fatty Liver - etiology</topic><topic>Fatty Liver - pathology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Insulin resistance</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications</topic><topic>Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology</topic><topic>Obesity</topic><topic>Obesity - complications</topic><topic>Pediatric Obesity - complications</topic><topic>Pediatric Obesity - pathology</topic><topic>Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</topic><topic>Risk Factors</topic><topic>Spectrum analysis</topic><topic>Studies</topic><topic>Vascular Stiffness</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Koot, Bart G.P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>de Groot, Eric</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bohte, Anneloes E.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nederveen, Aart J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jansen, Peter L.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Stoker, Jaap</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Benninga, Marc A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Koot, Bart G.P.</au><au>de Groot, Eric</au><au>van der Baan‐Slootweg, Olga H.</au><au>Bohte, Anneloes E.</au><au>Nederveen, Aart J.</au><au>Jansen, Peter L.M.</au><au>Stoker, Jaap</au><au>Benninga, Marc A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity</atitle><jtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)</jtitle><addtitle>Obesity (Silver Spring)</addtitle><date>2015-06</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>1239</spage><epage>1243</epage><pages>1239-1243</pages><issn>1930-7381</issn><eissn>1930-739X</eissn><abstract>Objective
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in adults. It has not been established whether NAFLD is related to early atherosclerotic changes in children.
Methods
In a cross‐sectional study, 78 non diabetic, non smoking children with severe obesity were evaluated for NAFLD. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to detect liver steatosis and serum ALT was used as a surrogate marker for steatohepatitis. Carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and arterial wall stiffness were measured using ultrasound.
Results
Steatosis was present in 41 (53%) of subjects. Of these children, 26 out of 41 (63%) had elevated ALT levels. No differences in CIMT and arterial wall stiffness were observed between those without and with steatosis and those with steatosis plus elevated ALT levels [CIMT = 0.47 (±0.06), 0.48 (±0.06) and 0.48 (±0.07) mm, respectively; stiffness = 2.78 (±0.50), 3.00 (±0.81), and 2.90 (±0.78), respectively]. Steatosis and ALT were not correlated to CIMT (r = −0.02 and −0.14, respectively) or arterial wall stiffness (r = 0.13 and −0.11, respectively).
Conclusions
In this study, no relationship between NAFLD and early atherosclerotic changes in children was observed. An atherogenic effect of steatohepatitis (NASH) on pediatric age and long‐term atherogenic consequences of simple steatosis cannot be excluded based on this study.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>25960049</pmid><doi>10.1002/oby.21076</doi><tpages>5</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| identifier | ISSN: 1930-7381 |
| ispartof | Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2015-06, Vol.23 (6), p.1239-1243 |
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| source | Wiley Online Library - AutoHoldings Journals; MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection) |
| subjects | Adolescent Adult Atherosclerosis - etiology Atherosclerosis - pathology Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Child Cross-Sectional Studies Fatty Liver - etiology Fatty Liver - pathology Female Humans Insulin resistance Male Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - complications Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - pathology Obesity Obesity - complications Pediatric Obesity - complications Pediatric Obesity - pathology Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Risk Factors Spectrum analysis Studies Vascular Stiffness |
| title | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular risk in children with obesity |
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