Chronic depression is associated with a pronounced decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor over time
One of the leading neurobiological hypotheses on depression states that decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) contributes to depression. This is supported by consistent findings of low serum BDNF levels in depressed patients compared with non-depressed controls. Whereas it...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Molecular psychiatry 2015-05, Vol.20 (5), p.602-608 |
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| creator | Bus, B A A Molendijk, M L Tendolkar, I Penninx, B W J H Prickaerts, J Elzinga, B M Voshaar, R C O |
| description | One of the leading neurobiological hypotheses on depression states that decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) contributes to depression. This is supported by consistent findings of low serum BDNF levels in depressed patients compared with non-depressed controls. Whereas it has been generally assumed that this is a state characteristic of depression, strong inferences about state or trait effects require a longitudinal study design. To investigate the longitudinal association between serum BDNF and depression, we measured serum BDNF, (current and past) depression status, use of antidepressants, and all potential covariates at baseline and after 2 years in 1751 individuals, consisting of patients with an incident (
n
=153), remitted (
n
=420) and persistent depression (
n
=310) and non-depressed controls (
n
=868). We analyzed change/differences in serum BDNF across these four groups with analyses of covariance adjusted for covariates and baseline BDNF value, together with the effects of starting and stopping antidepressant treatment. Our analyses revealed a significant difference for the depression course groups (
P
=0.007). Compared with non-depressed controls, persistently depressed and remitted patients had a steeper decrease of BDNF levels over time (−1.33 (
P
=0.001) and −0.97 ng ml
−1
(
P
=0.011), respectively), whereas BDNF reductions in patients with incident depression were similar to those in healthy controls. Initiation or discontinuation of antidepressants was not associated with BDNF change (
P
=0.72). These findings suggest that BDNF not only contributes to depression, but that depression in turn may also contribute to low BDNF. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1038/mp.2014.83 |
| format | Article |
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n
=153), remitted (
n
=420) and persistent depression (
n
=310) and non-depressed controls (
n
=868). We analyzed change/differences in serum BDNF across these four groups with analyses of covariance adjusted for covariates and baseline BDNF value, together with the effects of starting and stopping antidepressant treatment. Our analyses revealed a significant difference for the depression course groups (
P
=0.007). Compared with non-depressed controls, persistently depressed and remitted patients had a steeper decrease of BDNF levels over time (−1.33 (
P
=0.001) and −0.97 ng ml
−1
(
P
=0.011), respectively), whereas BDNF reductions in patients with incident depression were similar to those in healthy controls. Initiation or discontinuation of antidepressants was not associated with BDNF change (
P
=0.72). These findings suggest that BDNF not only contributes to depression, but that depression in turn may also contribute to low BDNF.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1359-4184</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1476-5578</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1038/mp.2014.83</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25155878</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>London: Nature Publishing Group UK</publisher><subject>631/378/1686 ; 692/699/476/1414 ; Adult ; Analysis ; Antidepressants ; Antidepressants, Tricyclic ; Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use ; Anxiety ; Behavioral Sciences ; Biological Psychology ; Brain-derived neurotrophic factor ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - blood ; Care and treatment ; Child ; Child Abuse - psychology ; Chronic Disease ; Cohort analysis ; Comparative analysis ; Depression - blood ; Depression - classification ; Depression - drug therapy ; Depression, Mental ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hypotheses ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Mental depression ; Mental health ; Middle Aged ; Neurobiology ; Neuropsychology ; Neurosciences ; original-article ; Pharmacotherapy ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychiatry ; Retrospective Studies ; Statistics, Nonparametric ; Stress ; Stress response</subject><ispartof>Molecular psychiatry, 2015-05, Vol.20 (5), p.602-608</ispartof><rights>Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2015 Nature Publishing Group</rights><rights>Copyright Nature Publishing Group May 2015</rights><rights>Macmillan Publishers Limited 2014.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-622ea06dfeadd681210f6c2ec7e3e5b44cde4fd221321e9701f881f15f2eaa393</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-622ea06dfeadd681210f6c2ec7e3e5b44cde4fd221321e9701f881f15f2eaa393</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/mp.2014.83$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1038/mp.2014.83$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,27901,27902,41464,42533,51294</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25155878$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Bus, B A A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molendijk, M L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tendolkar, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Penninx, B W J H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prickaerts, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elzinga, B M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voshaar, R C O</creatorcontrib><title>Chronic depression is associated with a pronounced decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor over time</title><title>Molecular psychiatry</title><addtitle>Mol Psychiatry</addtitle><addtitle>Mol Psychiatry</addtitle><description>One of the leading neurobiological hypotheses on depression states that decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) contributes to depression. This is supported by consistent findings of low serum BDNF levels in depressed patients compared with non-depressed controls. Whereas it has been generally assumed that this is a state characteristic of depression, strong inferences about state or trait effects require a longitudinal study design. To investigate the longitudinal association between serum BDNF and depression, we measured serum BDNF, (current and past) depression status, use of antidepressants, and all potential covariates at baseline and after 2 years in 1751 individuals, consisting of patients with an incident (
n
=153), remitted (
n
=420) and persistent depression (
n
=310) and non-depressed controls (
n
=868). We analyzed change/differences in serum BDNF across these four groups with analyses of covariance adjusted for covariates and baseline BDNF value, together with the effects of starting and stopping antidepressant treatment. Our analyses revealed a significant difference for the depression course groups (
P
=0.007). Compared with non-depressed controls, persistently depressed and remitted patients had a steeper decrease of BDNF levels over time (−1.33 (
P
=0.001) and −0.97 ng ml
−1
(
P
=0.011), respectively), whereas BDNF reductions in patients with incident depression were similar to those in healthy controls. Initiation or discontinuation of antidepressants was not associated with BDNF change (
P
=0.72). These findings suggest that BDNF not only contributes to depression, but that depression in turn may also contribute to low BDNF.</description><subject>631/378/1686</subject><subject>692/699/476/1414</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Antidepressants</subject><subject>Antidepressants, Tricyclic</subject><subject>Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Behavioral Sciences</subject><subject>Biological Psychology</subject><subject>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor</subject><subject>Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - blood</subject><subject>Care and treatment</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child Abuse - psychology</subject><subject>Chronic Disease</subject><subject>Cohort analysis</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>Depression - blood</subject><subject>Depression - classification</subject><subject>Depression - drug therapy</subject><subject>Depression, Mental</subject><subject>Diagnosis</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypotheses</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Mental depression</subject><subject>Mental health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Neurobiology</subject><subject>Neuropsychology</subject><subject>Neurosciences</subject><subject>original-article</subject><subject>Pharmacotherapy</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Statistics, Nonparametric</subject><subject>Stress</subject><subject>Stress response</subject><issn>1359-4184</issn><issn>1476-5578</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUuLFDEUhQtRnLF14w-QgBsZqTbvpJZD46gw4EbXIZ3cTGfoSsqkasR_b4oeHyiIEEi458u5J7ld95zgLcFMvxmnLcWEbzV70J0TrmQvhNIP25mJoedE87PuSa23GK-ieNydUUGE0Eqfd9PuUHKKDnmYCtQac0KxIltrdtHO4NHXOB-QRVPD8pJcq3hwBWwFFBOqUJYR7YuNqfdQ4l3TEywlzyVPh-YbrJtzQfkOCprjCE-7R8EeKzy73zfd56u3n3bv--uP7z7sLq97J7ice0kpWCx9AOu91IQSHKSj4BQwEHvOnQcePKWEUQKDwiRoTQIRod2zbGCb7tXJtwX_skCdzRirg-PRJshLNURqxgTHA_0PVCmm2Lo23cs_0Nu8lNQeYihjRNJBYvwvqnnJ5qQk_UXd2COYmEL7M-vW1uaSE6a0VFQ36uJEuZJrLRDMVOJoyzdDsFnHb8bJrOM3eo334r7xsh_B_0R_zLsBr09AbVK6gfJbsr_tvgPHq7fH</recordid><startdate>20150501</startdate><enddate>20150501</enddate><creator>Bus, B A A</creator><creator>Molendijk, M L</creator><creator>Tendolkar, I</creator><creator>Penninx, B W J H</creator><creator>Prickaerts, J</creator><creator>Elzinga, B M</creator><creator>Voshaar, R C O</creator><general>Nature Publishing Group UK</general><general>Nature Publishing Group</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88G</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2M</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>PHGZM</scope><scope>PHGZT</scope><scope>PJZUB</scope><scope>PKEHL</scope><scope>PPXIY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQGLB</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PSYQQ</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150501</creationdate><title>Chronic depression is associated with a pronounced decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor over time</title><author>Bus, B A A ; Molendijk, M L ; Tendolkar, I ; Penninx, B W J H ; Prickaerts, J ; Elzinga, B M ; Voshaar, R C O</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c546t-622ea06dfeadd681210f6c2ec7e3e5b44cde4fd221321e9701f881f15f2eaa393</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>631/378/1686</topic><topic>692/699/476/1414</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Analysis</topic><topic>Antidepressants</topic><topic>Antidepressants, Tricyclic</topic><topic>Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Behavioral Sciences</topic><topic>Biological Psychology</topic><topic>Brain-derived neurotrophic factor</topic><topic>Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - blood</topic><topic>Care and treatment</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child Abuse - psychology</topic><topic>Chronic Disease</topic><topic>Cohort analysis</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>Depression - blood</topic><topic>Depression - classification</topic><topic>Depression - drug therapy</topic><topic>Depression, Mental</topic><topic>Diagnosis</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hypotheses</topic><topic>Longitudinal Studies</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Mental depression</topic><topic>Mental health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Neurobiology</topic><topic>Neuropsychology</topic><topic>Neurosciences</topic><topic>original-article</topic><topic>Pharmacotherapy</topic><topic>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Statistics, Nonparametric</topic><topic>Stress</topic><topic>Stress response</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Bus, B A A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Molendijk, M L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tendolkar, I</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Penninx, B W J H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Prickaerts, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elzinga, B M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Voshaar, R C O</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Psychology Database (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Psychology</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Health & Nursing</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>ProQuest One Psychology</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Molecular psychiatry</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Bus, B A A</au><au>Molendijk, M L</au><au>Tendolkar, I</au><au>Penninx, B W J H</au><au>Prickaerts, J</au><au>Elzinga, B M</au><au>Voshaar, R C O</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chronic depression is associated with a pronounced decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor over time</atitle><jtitle>Molecular psychiatry</jtitle><stitle>Mol Psychiatry</stitle><addtitle>Mol Psychiatry</addtitle><date>2015-05-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>20</volume><issue>5</issue><spage>602</spage><epage>608</epage><pages>602-608</pages><issn>1359-4184</issn><eissn>1476-5578</eissn><abstract>One of the leading neurobiological hypotheses on depression states that decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) contributes to depression. This is supported by consistent findings of low serum BDNF levels in depressed patients compared with non-depressed controls. Whereas it has been generally assumed that this is a state characteristic of depression, strong inferences about state or trait effects require a longitudinal study design. To investigate the longitudinal association between serum BDNF and depression, we measured serum BDNF, (current and past) depression status, use of antidepressants, and all potential covariates at baseline and after 2 years in 1751 individuals, consisting of patients with an incident (
n
=153), remitted (
n
=420) and persistent depression (
n
=310) and non-depressed controls (
n
=868). We analyzed change/differences in serum BDNF across these four groups with analyses of covariance adjusted for covariates and baseline BDNF value, together with the effects of starting and stopping antidepressant treatment. Our analyses revealed a significant difference for the depression course groups (
P
=0.007). Compared with non-depressed controls, persistently depressed and remitted patients had a steeper decrease of BDNF levels over time (−1.33 (
P
=0.001) and −0.97 ng ml
−1
(
P
=0.011), respectively), whereas BDNF reductions in patients with incident depression were similar to those in healthy controls. Initiation or discontinuation of antidepressants was not associated with BDNF change (
P
=0.72). These findings suggest that BDNF not only contributes to depression, but that depression in turn may also contribute to low BDNF.</abstract><cop>London</cop><pub>Nature Publishing Group UK</pub><pmid>25155878</pmid><doi>10.1038/mp.2014.83</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Molecular psychiatry, 2015-05, Vol.20 (5), p.602-608 |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerLink Journals |
| subjects | 631/378/1686 692/699/476/1414 Adult Analysis Antidepressants Antidepressants, Tricyclic Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use Anxiety Behavioral Sciences Biological Psychology Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor - blood Care and treatment Child Child Abuse - psychology Chronic Disease Cohort analysis Comparative analysis Depression - blood Depression - classification Depression - drug therapy Depression, Mental Diagnosis Female Humans Hypotheses Longitudinal Studies Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Mental depression Mental health Middle Aged Neurobiology Neuropsychology Neurosciences original-article Pharmacotherapy Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Psychiatry Retrospective Studies Statistics, Nonparametric Stress Stress response |
| title | Chronic depression is associated with a pronounced decrease in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor over time |
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