Litter decomposition on the Mauna Loa environmental matrix, Hawai'i: patterns, mechanisms and models

We determined controls on litter decomposition and nutrient release for the widespread native tree Metrosideros polymorpha in 11 sites arrayed on gradients of elevation, precipitation, and substrate age on Hawaiian lava flows. The effects of site characteristics were evaluated using three common sub...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecology (Durham) 1994-03, Vol.75 (2), p.418-429
Hauptverfasser: Vitousek, P.M, Turner, D.R, Parton, W.J, Sanford, R.L
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Turner, D.R
Parton, W.J
Sanford, R.L
description We determined controls on litter decomposition and nutrient release for the widespread native tree Metrosideros polymorpha in 11 sites arrayed on gradients of elevation, precipitation, and substrate age on Hawaiian lava flows. The effects of site characteristics were evaluated using three common substrates (Metrosideros leaf litter from one of the sites, wood dowels, and filter paper) decomposed in each of the sites, and the inherent decomposability of tissue (substrate quality) was evaluated using Metrosideros leaf litter from each of the sites decomposed in a common site. Site characteristics were responsible for most of the variation in rates of decomposition in the range of sites and substrates examined. Common substrates decomposed much more rapidly in warm, low elevation sites; apparent Q"1"0 values, calculated on the basis of variation in mean annual temperature with elevation on individual lava flows, ranged from 4 to 11. Litter decomposed slowly in the dry sites, but leaf litter produced in the dry sites decomposed more than twice as rapidly as litter from wet sites when both were measured in the same site. The higher substrate quality of litter from dry sites could be due to trade-offs among nutrient-use efficiency, water-use efficiency, and carbon gain by water-limited Metrosideros. We used these results to test a revision of the CENTURY soil organic matter model that had been designed to simulate the decomposition of surface litter. Simulations accurately matched the pattern but underestimated the magnitude of among-site differences in the decomposition of common substrates in a range of sites. Analyses of both field and simulation results suggested that the decomposition of Metrosideros leaf litter could be limited by nitrogen availability.
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General forest ecology ; HAWAI ; HAWAII ; HOJARASCA ; Lava flows ; Leaves ; Lignin ; LITIERE VEGETALE ; MEDIO DE CULTIVO ; METROSIDEROS POLYMORPHA ; MILIEU DE CULTURE ; MODELE DE SIMULATION ; MODELOS DE SIMULACION ; MYRTACEAE ; Nitrogen ; NUTRIENTES ; NUTRIENTS ; Phosphorus ; PLANT LITTER ; PRECIPITACION ATMOSFERICA ; PRECIPITATION ; ROCHE MERE ; SIMULATION MODELS ; SITE FACTORS ; Soil ecology ; SOIL PARENT MATERIALS ; SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE ; SUBSTRATES ; Synecology ; Terrestrial ecosystems ; Thermal decomposition ; Trees ; use efficiency ; USES ; USO DEL AGUA ; USOS ; UTILISATION ; UTILISATION DE L'EAU ; VARIATION ; VOLCANIC LAVA ; WATER USE ; water use efficiency</subject><ispartof>Ecology (Durham), 1994-03, Vol.75 (2), p.418-429</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1994 The Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1994 by the Ecological Society of America</rights><rights>1994 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Ecological Society of America Mar 1994</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5198-b03772a1dec525f8365928b0869b5235e3c3e1570372d7bace47a4d8ab3edb7e3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1939545$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1939545$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,803,27869,27924,27925,58017,58250</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=4102851$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Vitousek, P.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turner, D.R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Parton, W.J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanford, R.L</creatorcontrib><title>Litter decomposition on the Mauna Loa environmental matrix, Hawai'i: patterns, mechanisms and models</title><title>Ecology (Durham)</title><description>We determined controls on litter decomposition and nutrient release for the widespread native tree Metrosideros polymorpha in 11 sites arrayed on gradients of elevation, precipitation, and substrate age on Hawaiian lava flows. The effects of site characteristics were evaluated using three common substrates (Metrosideros leaf litter from one of the sites, wood dowels, and filter paper) decomposed in each of the sites, and the inherent decomposability of tissue (substrate quality) was evaluated using Metrosideros leaf litter from each of the sites decomposed in a common site. Site characteristics were responsible for most of the variation in rates of decomposition in the range of sites and substrates examined. Common substrates decomposed much more rapidly in warm, low elevation sites; apparent Q"1"0 values, calculated on the basis of variation in mean annual temperature with elevation on individual lava flows, ranged from 4 to 11. Litter decomposed slowly in the dry sites, but leaf litter produced in the dry sites decomposed more than twice as rapidly as litter from wet sites when both were measured in the same site. 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The effects of site characteristics were evaluated using three common substrates (Metrosideros leaf litter from one of the sites, wood dowels, and filter paper) decomposed in each of the sites, and the inherent decomposability of tissue (substrate quality) was evaluated using Metrosideros leaf litter from each of the sites decomposed in a common site. Site characteristics were responsible for most of the variation in rates of decomposition in the range of sites and substrates examined. Common substrates decomposed much more rapidly in warm, low elevation sites; apparent Q"1"0 values, calculated on the basis of variation in mean annual temperature with elevation on individual lava flows, ranged from 4 to 11. Litter decomposed slowly in the dry sites, but leaf litter produced in the dry sites decomposed more than twice as rapidly as litter from wet sites when both were measured in the same site. The higher substrate quality of litter from dry sites could be due to trade-offs among nutrient-use efficiency, water-use efficiency, and carbon gain by water-limited Metrosideros. We used these results to test a revision of the CENTURY soil organic matter model that had been designed to simulate the decomposition of surface litter. Simulations accurately matched the pattern but underestimated the magnitude of among-site differences in the decomposition of common substrates in a range of sites. Analyses of both field and simulation results suggested that the decomposition of Metrosideros leaf litter could be limited by nitrogen availability.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>The Ecological Society of America</pub><doi>10.2307/1939545</doi><tpages>12</tpages></addata></record>
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language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_16827048
source Periodicals Index Online; Jstor Complete Legacy
subjects AGE
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
ALTITUD
ALTITUDE
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biological and medical sciences
CARACTERISTICAS DEL SITIO
Chemical decomposition
CULTURE MEDIA
Decomposition
DEGRADACION
DEGRADATION
Ecology
EDAD
EFFICACITE
EFFICIENCY
EFICACIA
ELEMENTO PRIMARIO DEL SUELO
FACTEUR LIE AU SITE
Forest ecology
Forestry
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
General forest ecology
Generalities. Production, biomass. Quality of wood and forest products. General forest ecology
HAWAI
HAWAII
HOJARASCA
Lava flows
Leaves
Lignin
LITIERE VEGETALE
MEDIO DE CULTIVO
METROSIDEROS POLYMORPHA
MILIEU DE CULTURE
MODELE DE SIMULATION
MODELOS DE SIMULACION
MYRTACEAE
Nitrogen
NUTRIENTES
NUTRIENTS
Phosphorus
PLANT LITTER
PRECIPITACION ATMOSFERICA
PRECIPITATION
ROCHE MERE
SIMULATION MODELS
SITE FACTORS
Soil ecology
SOIL PARENT MATERIALS
SUBSTANCE NUTRITIVE
SUBSTRATES
Synecology
Terrestrial ecosystems
Thermal decomposition
Trees
use efficiency
USES
USO DEL AGUA
USOS
UTILISATION
UTILISATION DE L'EAU
VARIATION
VOLCANIC LAVA
WATER USE
water use efficiency
title Litter decomposition on the Mauna Loa environmental matrix, Hawai'i: patterns, mechanisms and models
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