Factor Structure of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Malaysian Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a common screening instrument used to determine the levels of anxiety and depression experienced by a patient and has been extensively used in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to establish the factor structure of HADS i...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Asia-Pacific journal of public health 2015-05, Vol.27 (4), p.450-460 |
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| container_title | Asia-Pacific journal of public health |
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| creator | Kaur, Satpal Zainal, Nor Zuraida Low, Wah Yun Ramasamy, Ravindran Sidhu, Jaideep Singh |
| description | The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a common screening instrument used to determine the levels of anxiety and depression experienced by a patient and has been extensively used in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to establish the factor structure of HADS in a Malaysian sample of 189 patients with CAD. Factor analysis of HADS using principal component analysis with varimax rotation yielded 3 factors. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the use of HADS in assessing 3 distinct dimensions of psychological distress—namely, anxiety, anhedonia, and psychomotor retardation. The HADS showed good internal consistency and was found to be a valid measure of psychological distress among Malaysian patients with CAD. However, low mean scores on the original 2 factors—that is, anxiety and depression—and also on the 2 depression subscales—anhedonia and psychomotor retardation—suggests that the recommended cutoff score to screen for psychological distress among CAD patients be reevaluated. Further research to determine the generalizability and consistency for the tridimensional structure of the HADS in Malaysia is recommended. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1177/1010539514533719 |
| format | Article |
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This study aimed to establish the factor structure of HADS in a Malaysian sample of 189 patients with CAD. Factor analysis of HADS using principal component analysis with varimax rotation yielded 3 factors. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the use of HADS in assessing 3 distinct dimensions of psychological distress—namely, anxiety, anhedonia, and psychomotor retardation. The HADS showed good internal consistency and was found to be a valid measure of psychological distress among Malaysian patients with CAD. However, low mean scores on the original 2 factors—that is, anxiety and depression—and also on the 2 depression subscales—anhedonia and psychomotor retardation—suggests that the recommended cutoff score to screen for psychological distress among CAD patients be reevaluated. Further research to determine the generalizability and consistency for the tridimensional structure of the HADS in Malaysia is recommended.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1010-5395</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1941-2479</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1177/1010539514533719</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24807887</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Anxiety - diagnosis ; Coronary Artery Disease - psychology ; Coronary Artery Disease - therapy ; Depression - diagnosis ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Hospitals ; Humans ; Malaysia ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Principal Component Analysis ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Reproducibility of Results</subject><ispartof>Asia-Pacific journal of public health, 2015-05, Vol.27 (4), p.450-460</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2015 Asia-Pacific Academic Consortium for Public Health</rights><rights>2014 APJPH</rights><rights>2014 APJPH.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-581b63cf38cb8f3a4d31ef8e80971236ba0685a7f8b4819465a59467faaf53ec3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-581b63cf38cb8f3a4d31ef8e80971236ba0685a7f8b4819465a59467faaf53ec3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/26725541$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/26725541$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,21798,27901,27902,43597,43598,57992,58225</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24807887$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Satpal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zainal, Nor Zuraida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Low, Wah Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramasamy, Ravindran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sidhu, Jaideep Singh</creatorcontrib><title>Factor Structure of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Malaysian Patients With Coronary Artery Disease</title><title>Asia-Pacific journal of public health</title><addtitle>Asia Pac J Public Health</addtitle><description>The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a common screening instrument used to determine the levels of anxiety and depression experienced by a patient and has been extensively used in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to establish the factor structure of HADS in a Malaysian sample of 189 patients with CAD. Factor analysis of HADS using principal component analysis with varimax rotation yielded 3 factors. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the use of HADS in assessing 3 distinct dimensions of psychological distress—namely, anxiety, anhedonia, and psychomotor retardation. The HADS showed good internal consistency and was found to be a valid measure of psychological distress among Malaysian patients with CAD. However, low mean scores on the original 2 factors—that is, anxiety and depression—and also on the 2 depression subscales—anhedonia and psychomotor retardation—suggests that the recommended cutoff score to screen for psychological distress among CAD patients be reevaluated. Further research to determine the generalizability and consistency for the tridimensional structure of the HADS in Malaysia is recommended.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Anxiety - diagnosis</subject><subject>Coronary Artery Disease - psychology</subject><subject>Coronary Artery Disease - therapy</subject><subject>Depression - diagnosis</subject><subject>Factor Analysis, Statistical</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Hospitals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Malaysia</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Principal Component Analysis</subject><subject>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</subject><subject>Reproducibility of Results</subject><issn>1010-5395</issn><issn>1941-2479</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kUFvFDEMhSNERUvhzgWUI5eBZDKZZI6rLaVIRa3UIo4jT9aBrGaTJc5I7L8n1RaQOHCxLfnzk_3M2Csp3klpzHsppNBq0LLTShk5PGFncuhk03ZmeFrr2m4e-qfsOdFWCD1YMTxjp21nhbHWnLH5ElxJmd-VvLiyZOTJ86tE-1Bg5qv4M2A5cIgbfoH7jEQhRX7nYEYeIv8MMxwoQOS3UALGQvxrKN_5OuUUIR_4Khes6SIQAuELduJhJnz5mM_Zl8sP9-ur5vrm46f16rpxSg-l0VZOvXJeWTdZr6DbKIneYt3dyFb1E4jeajDeTp2t9_YadI3GA3it0Klz9vaou8_px4JUxl0gh_MMEdNCo-ytbHvd6r6i4oi6nIgy-nGfw66uPkoxPng8_utxHXnzqL5MO9z8GfhtagWaI0DwDcdtWnKs1_5P8PWR31J9xV-93rRad1L9AmZPjZc</recordid><startdate>20150501</startdate><enddate>20150501</enddate><creator>Kaur, Satpal</creator><creator>Zainal, Nor Zuraida</creator><creator>Low, Wah Yun</creator><creator>Ramasamy, Ravindran</creator><creator>Sidhu, Jaideep Singh</creator><general>SAGE Publications</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150501</creationdate><title>Factor Structure of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Malaysian Patients With Coronary Artery Disease</title><author>Kaur, Satpal ; Zainal, Nor Zuraida ; Low, Wah Yun ; Ramasamy, Ravindran ; Sidhu, Jaideep Singh</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c359t-581b63cf38cb8f3a4d31ef8e80971236ba0685a7f8b4819465a59467faaf53ec3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Anxiety - diagnosis</topic><topic>Coronary Artery Disease - psychology</topic><topic>Coronary Artery Disease - therapy</topic><topic>Depression - diagnosis</topic><topic>Factor Analysis, Statistical</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Hospitals</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Malaysia</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Principal Component Analysis</topic><topic>Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</topic><topic>Reproducibility of Results</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kaur, Satpal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zainal, Nor Zuraida</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Low, Wah Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ramasamy, Ravindran</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sidhu, Jaideep Singh</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Asia-Pacific journal of public health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kaur, Satpal</au><au>Zainal, Nor Zuraida</au><au>Low, Wah Yun</au><au>Ramasamy, Ravindran</au><au>Sidhu, Jaideep Singh</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Factor Structure of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Malaysian Patients With Coronary Artery Disease</atitle><jtitle>Asia-Pacific journal of public health</jtitle><addtitle>Asia Pac J Public Health</addtitle><date>2015-05-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>450</spage><epage>460</epage><pages>450-460</pages><issn>1010-5395</issn><eissn>1941-2479</eissn><abstract>The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a common screening instrument used to determine the levels of anxiety and depression experienced by a patient and has been extensively used in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to establish the factor structure of HADS in a Malaysian sample of 189 patients with CAD. Factor analysis of HADS using principal component analysis with varimax rotation yielded 3 factors. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the use of HADS in assessing 3 distinct dimensions of psychological distress—namely, anxiety, anhedonia, and psychomotor retardation. The HADS showed good internal consistency and was found to be a valid measure of psychological distress among Malaysian patients with CAD. However, low mean scores on the original 2 factors—that is, anxiety and depression—and also on the 2 depression subscales—anhedonia and psychomotor retardation—suggests that the recommended cutoff score to screen for psychological distress among CAD patients be reevaluated. Further research to determine the generalizability and consistency for the tridimensional structure of the HADS in Malaysia is recommended.</abstract><cop>Los Angeles, CA</cop><pub>SAGE Publications</pub><pmid>24807887</pmid><doi>10.1177/1010539514533719</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Asia-Pacific journal of public health, 2015-05, Vol.27 (4), p.450-460 |
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| source | SAGE Complete A-Z List; Jstor Complete Legacy; MEDLINE |
| subjects | Adult Aged Anxiety - diagnosis Coronary Artery Disease - psychology Coronary Artery Disease - therapy Depression - diagnosis Factor Analysis, Statistical Female Hospitals Humans Malaysia Male Middle Aged Principal Component Analysis Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Reproducibility of Results |
| title | Factor Structure of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale in Malaysian Patients With Coronary Artery Disease |
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