Timing of Breeding and Molting in Six Species of Hawaiian Honeycreepers
The timing of breeding and molting was studied in six species of Hawaiian honeycreepers with differing food habits on the Island of Hawaii. The availability of nectar was highly seasonal, whereas insect abundance was relatively constant throughout the year. All six species of honeycreeper had extend...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.) Calif.), 1994-02, Vol.96 (1), p.151-161 |
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| container_title | The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.) |
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| creator | Ralph, C. John Fancy, Steven G. |
| description | The timing of breeding and molting was studied in six species of Hawaiian honeycreepers with differing food habits on the Island of Hawaii. The availability of nectar was highly seasonal, whereas insect abundance was relatively constant throughout the year. All six species of honeycreeper had extended breeding and molting periods with peak breeding between April and July and peak molting in August. Breeding and molting periods for Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea), two nectarivorous species, were shorter than those for the more insectivorous Common Amakihi (Hemignathus virens), Hawaii Creeper (Oreomystis mana), Akepa (Loxops coccineus), and Akiapolaau (Hemignathus munroi). Missing or growing flight feathers and either a brood patch or enlarged cloacal protuberance occurred simultaneously in only 3.2% of 2,786 adult birds examined. Although overlap of breeding and molting was rare, some individuals may have been able to allocate energy resources to both activities because of low clutch size, extended brooding of young, and a low rate of molting. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2307/1369072 |
| format | Article |
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John ; Fancy, Steven G.</creator><creatorcontrib>Ralph, C. John ; Fancy, Steven G.</creatorcontrib><description>The timing of breeding and molting was studied in six species of Hawaiian honeycreepers with differing food habits on the Island of Hawaii. The availability of nectar was highly seasonal, whereas insect abundance was relatively constant throughout the year. All six species of honeycreeper had extended breeding and molting periods with peak breeding between April and July and peak molting in August. Breeding and molting periods for Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea), two nectarivorous species, were shorter than those for the more insectivorous Common Amakihi (Hemignathus virens), Hawaii Creeper (Oreomystis mana), Akepa (Loxops coccineus), and Akiapolaau (Hemignathus munroi). Missing or growing flight feathers and either a brood patch or enlarged cloacal protuberance occurred simultaneously in only 3.2% of 2,786 adult birds examined. Although overlap of breeding and molting was rare, some individuals may have been able to allocate energy resources to both activities because of low clutch size, extended brooding of young, and a low rate of molting.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0010-5422</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1938-5129</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2732-4621</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2307/1369072</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CNDRAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Santa Clara, CA: Cooper Ornithological Society</publisher><subject>Aerial locomotion ; Animal and plant ecology ; Animal reproduction ; Animal, plant and microbial ecology ; Animals ; Autoecology ; Aves ; Aviculture ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bird nesting ; Bird songs ; Birds ; Breeding ; Breeding seasons ; Feathers ; Food habits ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Insect flight ; Molting ; Ornithology ; Singing ; Vertebrata</subject><ispartof>The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.), 1994-02, Vol.96 (1), p.151-161</ispartof><rights>Copyright 1994 The Cooper Ornithological Society</rights><rights>1994 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright Cooper Ornithological Society Feb 1994</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c254t-e068cd8ea5b590e1acdcda850adf0f44520ebf09c2c4736b006a8cce6a8e71973</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c254t-e068cd8ea5b590e1acdcda850adf0f44520ebf09c2c4736b006a8cce6a8e71973</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1369072$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/1369072$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27903,27904,57995,58228</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4099664$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ralph, C. John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fancy, Steven G.</creatorcontrib><title>Timing of Breeding and Molting in Six Species of Hawaiian Honeycreepers</title><title>The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.)</title><description>The timing of breeding and molting was studied in six species of Hawaiian honeycreepers with differing food habits on the Island of Hawaii. The availability of nectar was highly seasonal, whereas insect abundance was relatively constant throughout the year. All six species of honeycreeper had extended breeding and molting periods with peak breeding between April and July and peak molting in August. Breeding and molting periods for Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea), two nectarivorous species, were shorter than those for the more insectivorous Common Amakihi (Hemignathus virens), Hawaii Creeper (Oreomystis mana), Akepa (Loxops coccineus), and Akiapolaau (Hemignathus munroi). Missing or growing flight feathers and either a brood patch or enlarged cloacal protuberance occurred simultaneously in only 3.2% of 2,786 adult birds examined. Although overlap of breeding and molting was rare, some individuals may have been able to allocate energy resources to both activities because of low clutch size, extended brooding of young, and a low rate of molting.</description><subject>Aerial locomotion</subject><subject>Animal and plant ecology</subject><subject>Animal reproduction</subject><subject>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Autoecology</subject><subject>Aves</subject><subject>Aviculture</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bird nesting</subject><subject>Bird songs</subject><subject>Birds</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Breeding seasons</subject><subject>Feathers</subject><subject>Food habits</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Insect flight</subject><subject>Molting</subject><subject>Ornithology</subject><subject>Singing</subject><subject>Vertebrata</subject><issn>0010-5422</issn><issn>1938-5129</issn><issn>2732-4621</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1994</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp10FFLwzAQB_AgCs4pfoUiok_VS5qkzaMO3YSJD5vPJUuvktElNenQfXtbHAqCL5cL_O7PcYScU7hhGeS3NJMKcnZARlRlRSooU4dkBEAhFZyxY3IS4xr6P-NsRKZLu7HuLfF1ch8Qq6HXrkqefdMNvXXJwn4mixaNxTiwmf7Q1mqXzLzDnemHWgzxlBzVuol4tn_H5PXxYTmZpfOX6dPkbp4aJniXIsjCVAVqsRIKkGpTmUoXAnRVQ825YICrGpRhhueZXAFIXRiDfcWcqjwbk6vv3Db49y3GrtzYaLBptEO_jSWVBTCheA8v_sC13wbX71YySpmUOageXX8jE3yMAeuyDXajw66kUA7XLPfX7OXlPk5Ho5s6aGds_OEclJKS_7J17Hz4N-0LQht9NQ</recordid><startdate>19940201</startdate><enddate>19940201</enddate><creator>Ralph, C. John</creator><creator>Fancy, Steven G.</creator><general>Cooper Ornithological Society</general><general>Cooper Ornithological Club</general><general>American Ornithological Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope></search><sort><creationdate>19940201</creationdate><title>Timing of Breeding and Molting in Six Species of Hawaiian Honeycreepers</title><author>Ralph, C. John ; Fancy, Steven G.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c254t-e068cd8ea5b590e1acdcda850adf0f44520ebf09c2c4736b006a8cce6a8e71973</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1994</creationdate><topic>Aerial locomotion</topic><topic>Animal and plant ecology</topic><topic>Animal reproduction</topic><topic>Animal, plant and microbial ecology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Autoecology</topic><topic>Aves</topic><topic>Aviculture</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bird nesting</topic><topic>Bird songs</topic><topic>Birds</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>Breeding seasons</topic><topic>Feathers</topic><topic>Food habits</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Insect flight</topic><topic>Molting</topic><topic>Ornithology</topic><topic>Singing</topic><topic>Vertebrata</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ralph, C. John</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fancy, Steven G.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ralph, C. John</au><au>Fancy, Steven G.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Timing of Breeding and Molting in Six Species of Hawaiian Honeycreepers</atitle><jtitle>The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.)</jtitle><date>1994-02-01</date><risdate>1994</risdate><volume>96</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>151</spage><epage>161</epage><pages>151-161</pages><issn>0010-5422</issn><eissn>1938-5129</eissn><eissn>2732-4621</eissn><coden>CNDRAB</coden><abstract>The timing of breeding and molting was studied in six species of Hawaiian honeycreepers with differing food habits on the Island of Hawaii. The availability of nectar was highly seasonal, whereas insect abundance was relatively constant throughout the year. All six species of honeycreeper had extended breeding and molting periods with peak breeding between April and July and peak molting in August. Breeding and molting periods for Apapane (Himatione sanguinea) and Iiwi (Vestiaria coccinea), two nectarivorous species, were shorter than those for the more insectivorous Common Amakihi (Hemignathus virens), Hawaii Creeper (Oreomystis mana), Akepa (Loxops coccineus), and Akiapolaau (Hemignathus munroi). Missing or growing flight feathers and either a brood patch or enlarged cloacal protuberance occurred simultaneously in only 3.2% of 2,786 adult birds examined. Although overlap of breeding and molting was rare, some individuals may have been able to allocate energy resources to both activities because of low clutch size, extended brooding of young, and a low rate of molting.</abstract><cop>Santa Clara, CA</cop><pub>Cooper Ornithological Society</pub><doi>10.2307/1369072</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0010-5422 |
| ispartof | The Condor (Los Angeles, Calif.), 1994-02, Vol.96 (1), p.151-161 |
| issn | 0010-5422 1938-5129 2732-4621 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_16802594 |
| source | SORA - Searchable Ornithological Research Archive; Jstor Complete Legacy |
| subjects | Aerial locomotion Animal and plant ecology Animal reproduction Animal, plant and microbial ecology Animals Autoecology Aves Aviculture Biological and medical sciences Bird nesting Bird songs Birds Breeding Breeding seasons Feathers Food habits Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Insect flight Molting Ornithology Singing Vertebrata |
| title | Timing of Breeding and Molting in Six Species of Hawaiian Honeycreepers |
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