The high-redshift star formation rate derived from gamma-ray bursts: possible origin and cosmic reionization
The collapsar model of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) indicates that they may trace the star formation history, so long GRBs may be a useful tool for measuring the high-redshift star formation rate (SFR). The collapsar model explains GRB formation via the collapse of a rapidly rotating massive star wi...
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| description | The collapsar model of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) indicates that they may trace the star formation history, so long GRBs may be a useful tool for measuring the high-redshift star formation rate (SFR). The collapsar model explains GRB formation via the collapse of a rapidly rotating massive star with M > 30 M⊙ into a black hole, which may imply a decrease in SFR at high redshift. However, we find that the Swift GRBs during 2005 to 2012 are biased when tracing the SFR, including a factor about (1 + z)0.5, which agrees with recent results. After taking this factor, the SFR derived from GRBs does not show a steep drop up to z ~ 9.4. We consider the GRBs produced by rapidly rotating metal-poor stars with low masses to explain the high-redshift GRB rate excess. The chemically homogeneous evolution scenario (CHES) of rapidly rotating stars with mass higher than 12 M⊙ is recognized as a promising path towards collapsars in connection with long GRBs. Our results indicate that the stars in the mass range 12 M⊙ |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1051/0004-6361/201321623 |
| format | Article |
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Y.</creator><creatorcontrib>Wang, F. Y.</creatorcontrib><description>The collapsar model of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) indicates that they may trace the star formation history, so long GRBs may be a useful tool for measuring the high-redshift star formation rate (SFR). The collapsar model explains GRB formation via the collapse of a rapidly rotating massive star with M > 30 M⊙ into a black hole, which may imply a decrease in SFR at high redshift. However, we find that the Swift GRBs during 2005 to 2012 are biased when tracing the SFR, including a factor about (1 + z)0.5, which agrees with recent results. After taking this factor, the SFR derived from GRBs does not show a steep drop up to z ~ 9.4. We consider the GRBs produced by rapidly rotating metal-poor stars with low masses to explain the high-redshift GRB rate excess. The chemically homogeneous evolution scenario (CHES) of rapidly rotating stars with mass higher than 12 M⊙ is recognized as a promising path towards collapsars in connection with long GRBs. Our results indicate that the stars in the mass range 12 M⊙ < M < 30 M⊙ for low enough metallicity Z ≤ 0.004 with the GRB efficiency factor 10-5 can fit the derived SFR with good accuracy. Combining these two factors, we find that the conversion efficiency from massive stars to GRBs is enhanced by a factor of 10, which may explain the excess of the high-redshift GRB rate. We also investigate the cosmic reionization history using the derived SFR. The GRB-inferred SFR would be sufficient to maintain cosmic reionization over 6 < z < 10 and reproduce the observed optical depth of Thomson scattering to the cosmic microwave background.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0004-6361</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-0746</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201321623</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>EDP Sciences</publisher><subject>Collapsars ; Cosmic microwave background ; dark ages ; first stars ; Gamma ray bursts ; gamma rays: general ; Massive stars ; Mathematical models ; reionization ; Rotating ; Star formation rate ; Stars ; stars: formation</subject><ispartof>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin), 2013-08, Vol.556, p.1-7</ispartof><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-2b496755256b3e15d66fa778af06ad4543c91e8517ff4a3dc458c0fd2f2ecdd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-2b496755256b3e15d66fa778af06ad4543c91e8517ff4a3dc458c0fd2f2ecdd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3713,27903,27904</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Wang, F. Y.</creatorcontrib><title>The high-redshift star formation rate derived from gamma-ray bursts: possible origin and cosmic reionization</title><title>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</title><description>The collapsar model of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) indicates that they may trace the star formation history, so long GRBs may be a useful tool for measuring the high-redshift star formation rate (SFR). The collapsar model explains GRB formation via the collapse of a rapidly rotating massive star with M > 30 M⊙ into a black hole, which may imply a decrease in SFR at high redshift. However, we find that the Swift GRBs during 2005 to 2012 are biased when tracing the SFR, including a factor about (1 + z)0.5, which agrees with recent results. After taking this factor, the SFR derived from GRBs does not show a steep drop up to z ~ 9.4. We consider the GRBs produced by rapidly rotating metal-poor stars with low masses to explain the high-redshift GRB rate excess. The chemically homogeneous evolution scenario (CHES) of rapidly rotating stars with mass higher than 12 M⊙ is recognized as a promising path towards collapsars in connection with long GRBs. Our results indicate that the stars in the mass range 12 M⊙ < M < 30 M⊙ for low enough metallicity Z ≤ 0.004 with the GRB efficiency factor 10-5 can fit the derived SFR with good accuracy. Combining these two factors, we find that the conversion efficiency from massive stars to GRBs is enhanced by a factor of 10, which may explain the excess of the high-redshift GRB rate. We also investigate the cosmic reionization history using the derived SFR. The GRB-inferred SFR would be sufficient to maintain cosmic reionization over 6 < z < 10 and reproduce the observed optical depth of Thomson scattering to the cosmic microwave background.</description><subject>Collapsars</subject><subject>Cosmic microwave background</subject><subject>dark ages</subject><subject>first stars</subject><subject>Gamma ray bursts</subject><subject>gamma rays: general</subject><subject>Massive stars</subject><subject>Mathematical models</subject><subject>reionization</subject><subject>Rotating</subject><subject>Star formation rate</subject><subject>Stars</subject><subject>stars: formation</subject><issn>0004-6361</issn><issn>1432-0746</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqFkUlPwzAUhC0EEmX5BVx85BLqJbYTbhBWqcCBSkhcLMdLY0iaYruI8utJKeqV09NI34z0ZgA4wegMI4bHCKE845TjMUGYEswJ3QEjnFOSIZHzXTDaEvvgIMa3QRJc0BFop42FjZ81WbAmNt4lGJMK0PWhU8n3cxhUstDY4D-tgS70HZyprlNZUCtYL0NM8Rwu-hh93VrYBz_zc6jmBuo-dl7DYIcQ__2bdQT2nGqjPf67h2B6cz2t7rLJ0-19dTHJNC2LlJE6L7lgjDBeU4uZ4dwpIQrlEFcmZznVJbYFw8K5XFGjc1Zo5AxxxGpj6CE43cQuQv-xtDHJzkdt21bNbb-MEnMhSoYQxf-jjA-FiqJkA0o3qA7Dt8E6uQi-U2ElMZLrFeS6Y7nuWG5XGFzZxuVjsl9biwrvkgsqmCzQi8SX1dXr82MlH-gP9nCKTA</recordid><startdate>20130801</startdate><enddate>20130801</enddate><creator>Wang, F. Y.</creator><general>EDP Sciences</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>L7M</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130801</creationdate><title>The high-redshift star formation rate derived from gamma-ray bursts: possible origin and cosmic reionization</title><author>Wang, F. Y.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c398t-2b496755256b3e15d66fa778af06ad4543c91e8517ff4a3dc458c0fd2f2ecdd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Collapsars</topic><topic>Cosmic microwave background</topic><topic>dark ages</topic><topic>first stars</topic><topic>Gamma ray bursts</topic><topic>gamma rays: general</topic><topic>Massive stars</topic><topic>Mathematical models</topic><topic>reionization</topic><topic>Rotating</topic><topic>Star formation rate</topic><topic>Stars</topic><topic>stars: formation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Wang, F. Y.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><jtitle>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Wang, F. Y.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The high-redshift star formation rate derived from gamma-ray bursts: possible origin and cosmic reionization</atitle><jtitle>Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin)</jtitle><date>2013-08-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>556</volume><spage>1</spage><epage>7</epage><pages>1-7</pages><issn>0004-6361</issn><eissn>1432-0746</eissn><abstract>The collapsar model of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) indicates that they may trace the star formation history, so long GRBs may be a useful tool for measuring the high-redshift star formation rate (SFR). The collapsar model explains GRB formation via the collapse of a rapidly rotating massive star with M > 30 M⊙ into a black hole, which may imply a decrease in SFR at high redshift. However, we find that the Swift GRBs during 2005 to 2012 are biased when tracing the SFR, including a factor about (1 + z)0.5, which agrees with recent results. After taking this factor, the SFR derived from GRBs does not show a steep drop up to z ~ 9.4. We consider the GRBs produced by rapidly rotating metal-poor stars with low masses to explain the high-redshift GRB rate excess. The chemically homogeneous evolution scenario (CHES) of rapidly rotating stars with mass higher than 12 M⊙ is recognized as a promising path towards collapsars in connection with long GRBs. Our results indicate that the stars in the mass range 12 M⊙ < M < 30 M⊙ for low enough metallicity Z ≤ 0.004 with the GRB efficiency factor 10-5 can fit the derived SFR with good accuracy. Combining these two factors, we find that the conversion efficiency from massive stars to GRBs is enhanced by a factor of 10, which may explain the excess of the high-redshift GRB rate. We also investigate the cosmic reionization history using the derived SFR. The GRB-inferred SFR would be sufficient to maintain cosmic reionization over 6 < z < 10 and reproduce the observed optical depth of Thomson scattering to the cosmic microwave background.</abstract><pub>EDP Sciences</pub><doi>10.1051/0004-6361/201321623</doi><tpages>7</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Astronomy and astrophysics (Berlin), 2013-08, Vol.556, p.1-7 |
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| source | Bacon EDP Sciences France Licence nationale-ISTEX-PS-Journals-PFISTEX; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; EDP Sciences |
| subjects | Collapsars Cosmic microwave background dark ages first stars Gamma ray bursts gamma rays: general Massive stars Mathematical models reionization Rotating Star formation rate Stars stars: formation |
| title | The high-redshift star formation rate derived from gamma-ray bursts: possible origin and cosmic reionization |
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