Serological and molecular detection of Hepatitis E virus in pig farms of Antioquia/Deteccion serologica y molecular del virus de la Hepatitis E en cerdos de granjas antioquenas/Deteccao serologica e molecular do virus da hepatite E em suinos no departamento de Antioquia, Colombia

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the viral agent that produces most cases of acute hepatitis worldwide. Four genotypes and 24 subtypes of HEV have been identified. Presence of viral strains in pigs suggests this species is a reservoir for HEV. A case of Hepatitis E in humans has been reported in Antioquia, the largest pig producer and pork consumer province in Colombia. This study investigated the presence of HEV in pigs from several swine farms in Antioquia by looking for anti-HEV antibodies and viral RNA in pig feces. Serological tests were performed for detecting IgG and IgM anti-HEV. Molecular assays (RT-PCR) were also used for detecting the ORF-1 marker of HEV viral genome. These procedures were performed on 210 animals from 30 pig farms. Presence of antibodies and molecular analysis were organized by frequencies and analyzed using the R software (version 2.15.2). 100% of the samples were positive for IgG antibodies, while 57% of the samples were positive for IgM antibodies. According to the molecular analysis, 26% of pig feces had genetic material from HEV. This study demonstrates exposure and circulation of HEV in pig farms of Antioquia.