Effect of axial loading during knee flexion on ACL end-to-end distance in healthy and ACL-deficient knees
Purpose The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physiological axial loading during knee flexion on changes in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) end-to-end distance for normal and ACL-deficient knees. Methods Biomechanical tests were conducted on ten cadaveric knees using an Instron m...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2015-04, Vol.23 (4), p.1179-1187 |
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| creator | Jang, Ki-Mo Chang, Minho Bae, Tae Soo Kim, Jae Gyoon Jung, Ju Seon Kyung, Bong Soo Chae, Sanghoon Wang, Joon Ho |
| description | Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physiological axial loading during knee flexion on changes in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) end-to-end distance for normal and ACL-deficient knees.
Methods
Biomechanical tests were conducted on ten cadaveric knees using an Instron machine. We gathered positional data of the tibia and femur at low to middle flexion angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°) with/without axial loading. First, no external load was applied to the specimens at each angle, and then, a 1000-N axial load was applied to the knees. The same test protocols were repeated after transection of the ACL. Using computer software (Geomagic Studio 10), we regenerated positional data and calculated the end-to-end distances of the anteromedial, posterolateral and the entire ACL bundle at each angle.
Results
Compared with ACL-intact knees without axial loading, knees under axial loading did not show significant increases in end-to-end distance. Under axial loading, we found no significant differences in end-to-end distances between bundles in ACL-intact knees according to the increase in knee flexion angle. After ACL transection, axial loading significantly increased end-to-end distances of all three bundles (
P
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| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00167-014-2935-3 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1676351280</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>1676351280</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-83019761a168380bfb26904cbdbc197ecf4e25750c0f80f38d50bf88ed0e69993</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNkU1rFTEUhoNY7G31B7iRgBs30ZOPyceyXGorXHCj6yGTObGpczPXyQy0_76Z3lZEEITACclz3kPyEPKWw0cOYD4VAK4NA66YcLJh8gXZcCUlM1KZl2QDTgkmoNGn5KyUW4C6Ve4VORVKS-uM3JB0GSOGmY6R-rvkBzqMvk_5B-2XaS0_MyKNA96lMdO6LrY7irln88hqoX0qs88Bacr0Bv0w39xTX88rxnqMKSTM82NIeU1Ooh8Kvnmq5-T758tv22u2-3r1ZXuxY0GZZmZWAndGc8-1lRa62AntQIWu70K9wBAVisY0ECBaiNL2TYWsxR5QO-fkOflwzD1M468Fy9zuUwk4DD7juJS2_piWDRcW_gPV2gglGlXR93-ht-My5fqQlTLOgQBbKX6kwjSWMmFsD1Pa--m-5dCuytqjsrYqa1dlraw9756Sl26P_e-OZ0cVEEegHFYlOP0x-p-pD1uAnpw</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1667990208</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effect of axial loading during knee flexion on ACL end-to-end distance in healthy and ACL-deficient knees</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via Wiley Online Library</source><source>SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings</source><creator>Jang, Ki-Mo ; Chang, Minho ; Bae, Tae Soo ; Kim, Jae Gyoon ; Jung, Ju Seon ; Kyung, Bong Soo ; Chae, Sanghoon ; Wang, Joon Ho</creator><creatorcontrib>Jang, Ki-Mo ; Chang, Minho ; Bae, Tae Soo ; Kim, Jae Gyoon ; Jung, Ju Seon ; Kyung, Bong Soo ; Chae, Sanghoon ; Wang, Joon Ho</creatorcontrib><description>Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physiological axial loading during knee flexion on changes in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) end-to-end distance for normal and ACL-deficient knees.
Methods
Biomechanical tests were conducted on ten cadaveric knees using an Instron machine. We gathered positional data of the tibia and femur at low to middle flexion angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°) with/without axial loading. First, no external load was applied to the specimens at each angle, and then, a 1000-N axial load was applied to the knees. The same test protocols were repeated after transection of the ACL. Using computer software (Geomagic Studio 10), we regenerated positional data and calculated the end-to-end distances of the anteromedial, posterolateral and the entire ACL bundle at each angle.
Results
Compared with ACL-intact knees without axial loading, knees under axial loading did not show significant increases in end-to-end distance. Under axial loading, we found no significant differences in end-to-end distances between bundles in ACL-intact knees according to the increase in knee flexion angle. After ACL transection, axial loading significantly increased end-to-end distances of all three bundles (
P
< 0.001), and the distances increased significantly with flexion angle (
P
< 0.05 at all angles in all bundles).
Conclusion
The changing patterns of the ACL end-to-end distance in ACL-deficient knees were different from those in healthy knees after applying physiological axial loading, and the ACL end-to-end distances in ACL-deficient knees increased remarkably as knee flexion angles increased.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0942-2056</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1433-7347</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00167-014-2935-3</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24638973</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Anterior Cruciate Ligament - physiology ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biomechanics ; Cadaver ; Female ; Humans ; Investigations ; Joint and ligament injuries ; Joint Instability - physiopathology ; Knee ; Knee Joint - physiology ; Load ; Male ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Middle Aged ; Orthopedics ; Physiology ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Sports injuries ; Surgery</subject><ispartof>Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2015-04, Vol.23 (4), p.1179-1187</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014</rights><rights>European Society of Sports Traumatology, Knee Surgery, Arthroscopy (ESSKA) 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-83019761a168380bfb26904cbdbc197ecf4e25750c0f80f38d50bf88ed0e69993</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-83019761a168380bfb26904cbdbc197ecf4e25750c0f80f38d50bf88ed0e69993</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00167-014-2935-3$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00167-014-2935-3$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24638973$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Jang, Ki-Mo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Minho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bae, Tae Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jae Gyoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Ju Seon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kyung, Bong Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chae, Sanghoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Joon Ho</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of axial loading during knee flexion on ACL end-to-end distance in healthy and ACL-deficient knees</title><title>Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA</title><addtitle>Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc</addtitle><addtitle>Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc</addtitle><description>Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physiological axial loading during knee flexion on changes in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) end-to-end distance for normal and ACL-deficient knees.
Methods
Biomechanical tests were conducted on ten cadaveric knees using an Instron machine. We gathered positional data of the tibia and femur at low to middle flexion angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°) with/without axial loading. First, no external load was applied to the specimens at each angle, and then, a 1000-N axial load was applied to the knees. The same test protocols were repeated after transection of the ACL. Using computer software (Geomagic Studio 10), we regenerated positional data and calculated the end-to-end distances of the anteromedial, posterolateral and the entire ACL bundle at each angle.
Results
Compared with ACL-intact knees without axial loading, knees under axial loading did not show significant increases in end-to-end distance. Under axial loading, we found no significant differences in end-to-end distances between bundles in ACL-intact knees according to the increase in knee flexion angle. After ACL transection, axial loading significantly increased end-to-end distances of all three bundles (
P
< 0.001), and the distances increased significantly with flexion angle (
P
< 0.05 at all angles in all bundles).
Conclusion
The changing patterns of the ACL end-to-end distance in ACL-deficient knees were different from those in healthy knees after applying physiological axial loading, and the ACL end-to-end distances in ACL-deficient knees increased remarkably as knee flexion angles increased.</description><subject>Anterior Cruciate Ligament - physiology</subject><subject>Biomechanical Phenomena</subject><subject>Biomechanics</subject><subject>Cadaver</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Investigations</subject><subject>Joint and ligament injuries</subject><subject>Joint Instability - physiopathology</subject><subject>Knee</subject><subject>Knee Joint - physiology</subject><subject>Load</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Orthopedics</subject><subject>Physiology</subject><subject>Range of Motion, Articular</subject><subject>Sports injuries</subject><subject>Surgery</subject><issn>0942-2056</issn><issn>1433-7347</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1rFTEUhoNY7G31B7iRgBs30ZOPyceyXGorXHCj6yGTObGpczPXyQy0_76Z3lZEEITACclz3kPyEPKWw0cOYD4VAK4NA66YcLJh8gXZcCUlM1KZl2QDTgkmoNGn5KyUW4C6Ve4VORVKS-uM3JB0GSOGmY6R-rvkBzqMvk_5B-2XaS0_MyKNA96lMdO6LrY7irln88hqoX0qs88Bacr0Bv0w39xTX88rxnqMKSTM82NIeU1Ooh8Kvnmq5-T758tv22u2-3r1ZXuxY0GZZmZWAndGc8-1lRa62AntQIWu70K9wBAVisY0ECBaiNL2TYWsxR5QO-fkOflwzD1M468Fy9zuUwk4DD7juJS2_piWDRcW_gPV2gglGlXR93-ht-My5fqQlTLOgQBbKX6kwjSWMmFsD1Pa--m-5dCuytqjsrYqa1dlraw9756Sl26P_e-OZ0cVEEegHFYlOP0x-p-pD1uAnpw</recordid><startdate>20150401</startdate><enddate>20150401</enddate><creator>Jang, Ki-Mo</creator><creator>Chang, Minho</creator><creator>Bae, Tae Soo</creator><creator>Kim, Jae Gyoon</creator><creator>Jung, Ju Seon</creator><creator>Kyung, Bong Soo</creator><creator>Chae, Sanghoon</creator><creator>Wang, Joon Ho</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7TS</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150401</creationdate><title>Effect of axial loading during knee flexion on ACL end-to-end distance in healthy and ACL-deficient knees</title><author>Jang, Ki-Mo ; Chang, Minho ; Bae, Tae Soo ; Kim, Jae Gyoon ; Jung, Ju Seon ; Kyung, Bong Soo ; Chae, Sanghoon ; Wang, Joon Ho</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-83019761a168380bfb26904cbdbc197ecf4e25750c0f80f38d50bf88ed0e69993</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Anterior Cruciate Ligament - physiology</topic><topic>Biomechanical Phenomena</topic><topic>Biomechanics</topic><topic>Cadaver</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Investigations</topic><topic>Joint and ligament injuries</topic><topic>Joint Instability - physiopathology</topic><topic>Knee</topic><topic>Knee Joint - physiology</topic><topic>Load</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Orthopedics</topic><topic>Physiology</topic><topic>Range of Motion, Articular</topic><topic>Sports injuries</topic><topic>Surgery</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Jang, Ki-Mo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chang, Minho</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bae, Tae Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kim, Jae Gyoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jung, Ju Seon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kyung, Bong Soo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chae, Sanghoon</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, Joon Ho</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Physical Education Index</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Jang, Ki-Mo</au><au>Chang, Minho</au><au>Bae, Tae Soo</au><au>Kim, Jae Gyoon</au><au>Jung, Ju Seon</au><au>Kyung, Bong Soo</au><au>Chae, Sanghoon</au><au>Wang, Joon Ho</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of axial loading during knee flexion on ACL end-to-end distance in healthy and ACL-deficient knees</atitle><jtitle>Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA</jtitle><stitle>Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc</stitle><addtitle>Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc</addtitle><date>2015-04-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>23</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1179</spage><epage>1187</epage><pages>1179-1187</pages><issn>0942-2056</issn><eissn>1433-7347</eissn><abstract>Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of physiological axial loading during knee flexion on changes in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) end-to-end distance for normal and ACL-deficient knees.
Methods
Biomechanical tests were conducted on ten cadaveric knees using an Instron machine. We gathered positional data of the tibia and femur at low to middle flexion angles (0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°) with/without axial loading. First, no external load was applied to the specimens at each angle, and then, a 1000-N axial load was applied to the knees. The same test protocols were repeated after transection of the ACL. Using computer software (Geomagic Studio 10), we regenerated positional data and calculated the end-to-end distances of the anteromedial, posterolateral and the entire ACL bundle at each angle.
Results
Compared with ACL-intact knees without axial loading, knees under axial loading did not show significant increases in end-to-end distance. Under axial loading, we found no significant differences in end-to-end distances between bundles in ACL-intact knees according to the increase in knee flexion angle. After ACL transection, axial loading significantly increased end-to-end distances of all three bundles (
P
< 0.001), and the distances increased significantly with flexion angle (
P
< 0.05 at all angles in all bundles).
Conclusion
The changing patterns of the ACL end-to-end distance in ACL-deficient knees were different from those in healthy knees after applying physiological axial loading, and the ACL end-to-end distances in ACL-deficient knees increased remarkably as knee flexion angles increased.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>24638973</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00167-014-2935-3</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 0942-2056 |
| ispartof | Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA, 2015-04, Vol.23 (4), p.1179-1187 |
| issn | 0942-2056 1433-7347 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_1676351280 |
| source | MEDLINE; Access via Wiley Online Library; SpringerLink Journals - AutoHoldings |
| subjects | Anterior Cruciate Ligament - physiology Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Cadaver Female Humans Investigations Joint and ligament injuries Joint Instability - physiopathology Knee Knee Joint - physiology Load Male Medicine Medicine & Public Health Middle Aged Orthopedics Physiology Range of Motion, Articular Sports injuries Surgery |
| title | Effect of axial loading during knee flexion on ACL end-to-end distance in healthy and ACL-deficient knees |
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