Trace elements in urinary stones: a preliminary investigation in Fars province, Iran
In view of the high incidence rate of urinary stones in the south and southwest of Iran, this paper investigates trace elements content including heavy metals in 39 urinary stones, collected from patients in Fars province, Iran. The mineralogy of the stones is investigated using X-ray diffractometry...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental geochemistry and health 2015-04, Vol.37 (2), p.377-389 |
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| creator | Keshavarzi, Behnam Yavarashayeri, Nasrin Irani, Dariush Moore, Farid Zarasvandi, Alireza Salari, Mehrdad |
| description | In view of the high incidence rate of urinary stones in the south and southwest of Iran, this paper investigates trace elements content including heavy metals in 39 urinary stones, collected from patients in Fars province, Iran. The mineralogy of the stones is investigated using X-ray diffractometry. The samples are classified into five mineral groups (calcium oxalate, uric acid, cystine, calcium phosphate and mixed stone). Major and trace elements in each group were determined using ICP-MS method. P and Ca constitute the main elements in urinary stones with Ca being more affine to oxalates while other alkali and alkaline earths precipitate with phosphate. Significant amounts of trace elements, especially Zn and Sr, were found in urinary calculi (calcium oxalate and phosphates) relative to biominerals (uric acid and cystine). Among urinary calculi, calcium phosphate contains greater amounts of trace metal than calcium oxalate. Phosphates seem to be the most important metal-bearing phases in urinary stones. Results indicate that concentrations of elements in urinary stones depend on the type of mineral phases. Significant differences in elements content across various mineralogical groups were found by applying statistical methods. Kruskal–Wallis test reveals significant difference between Ca, P, K, Na, Mg, S, Zn, Sr, Se, Cd, and Co content in different investigated mineral groups. Moreover, Mann–Whitney test differentiates Ca, Na, Zn, Sr, Co, and Ni between minerals in oxalate and uric acid stones. This study shows that urinary stone can provide complementary information on human exposure to elements and estimate the environmental risks involved in urinary stones formation. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s10653-014-9654-z |
| format | Article |
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The mineralogy of the stones is investigated using X-ray diffractometry. The samples are classified into five mineral groups (calcium oxalate, uric acid, cystine, calcium phosphate and mixed stone). Major and trace elements in each group were determined using ICP-MS method. P and Ca constitute the main elements in urinary stones with Ca being more affine to oxalates while other alkali and alkaline earths precipitate with phosphate. Significant amounts of trace elements, especially Zn and Sr, were found in urinary calculi (calcium oxalate and phosphates) relative to biominerals (uric acid and cystine). Among urinary calculi, calcium phosphate contains greater amounts of trace metal than calcium oxalate. Phosphates seem to be the most important metal-bearing phases in urinary stones. Results indicate that concentrations of elements in urinary stones depend on the type of mineral phases. Significant differences in elements content across various mineralogical groups were found by applying statistical methods. Kruskal–Wallis test reveals significant difference between Ca, P, K, Na, Mg, S, Zn, Sr, Se, Cd, and Co content in different investigated mineral groups. Moreover, Mann–Whitney test differentiates Ca, Na, Zn, Sr, Co, and Ni between minerals in oxalate and uric acid stones. This study shows that urinary stone can provide complementary information on human exposure to elements and estimate the environmental risks involved in urinary stones formation.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0269-4042</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2983</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s10653-014-9654-z</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25433503</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Dordrecht: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Adult ; cadmium ; calcium ; calcium oxalate ; Calcium Oxalate - analysis ; Calcium phosphates ; Calcium Phosphates - analysis ; cobalt ; cystine ; Cystine - analysis ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Environment ; Environmental Chemistry ; Environmental Health ; Environmental risk ; Female ; Geochemistry ; Heavy metals ; Humans ; Iran ; magnesium ; Male ; Metals, Heavy - analysis ; Middle Aged ; Mineralogy ; minerals ; nickel ; Original Paper ; patients ; Public Health ; risk ; selenium ; sodium ; Soil Science & Conservation ; statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; strontium ; Terrestrial Pollution ; Trace elements ; Trace Elements - analysis ; Trace metals ; uric acid ; Uric Acid - analysis ; urinary calculi ; Urinary Calculi - chemistry ; Urogenital system ; X-radiation ; Zinc</subject><ispartof>Environmental geochemistry and health, 2015-04, Vol.37 (2), p.377-389</ispartof><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2014</rights><rights>Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-f4b04c78a74cbc2fa4462e188bd84ade873a0211271fe8d722d6939ff88afd2c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-f4b04c78a74cbc2fa4462e188bd84ade873a0211271fe8d722d6939ff88afd2c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10653-014-9654-z$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10653-014-9654-z$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25433503$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Keshavarzi, Behnam</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yavarashayeri, Nasrin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Irani, Dariush</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Farid</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zarasvandi, Alireza</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salari, Mehrdad</creatorcontrib><title>Trace elements in urinary stones: a preliminary investigation in Fars province, Iran</title><title>Environmental geochemistry and health</title><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><description>In view of the high incidence rate of urinary stones in the south and southwest of Iran, this paper investigates trace elements content including heavy metals in 39 urinary stones, collected from patients in Fars province, Iran. The mineralogy of the stones is investigated using X-ray diffractometry. The samples are classified into five mineral groups (calcium oxalate, uric acid, cystine, calcium phosphate and mixed stone). Major and trace elements in each group were determined using ICP-MS method. P and Ca constitute the main elements in urinary stones with Ca being more affine to oxalates while other alkali and alkaline earths precipitate with phosphate. Significant amounts of trace elements, especially Zn and Sr, were found in urinary calculi (calcium oxalate and phosphates) relative to biominerals (uric acid and cystine). Among urinary calculi, calcium phosphate contains greater amounts of trace metal than calcium oxalate. Phosphates seem to be the most important metal-bearing phases in urinary stones. Results indicate that concentrations of elements in urinary stones depend on the type of mineral phases. Significant differences in elements content across various mineralogical groups were found by applying statistical methods. Kruskal–Wallis test reveals significant difference between Ca, P, K, Na, Mg, S, Zn, Sr, Se, Cd, and Co content in different investigated mineral groups. Moreover, Mann–Whitney test differentiates Ca, Na, Zn, Sr, Co, and Ni between minerals in oxalate and uric acid stones. This study shows that urinary stone can provide complementary information on human exposure to elements and estimate the environmental risks involved in urinary stones formation.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>cadmium</subject><subject>calcium</subject><subject>calcium oxalate</subject><subject>Calcium Oxalate - analysis</subject><subject>Calcium phosphates</subject><subject>Calcium Phosphates - analysis</subject><subject>cobalt</subject><subject>cystine</subject><subject>Cystine - analysis</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Environmental Chemistry</subject><subject>Environmental Health</subject><subject>Environmental risk</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Heavy metals</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iran</subject><subject>magnesium</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Metals, Heavy - analysis</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Mineralogy</subject><subject>minerals</subject><subject>nickel</subject><subject>Original Paper</subject><subject>patients</subject><subject>Public Health</subject><subject>risk</subject><subject>selenium</subject><subject>sodium</subject><subject>Soil Science & Conservation</subject><subject>statistical analysis</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>strontium</subject><subject>Terrestrial Pollution</subject><subject>Trace elements</subject><subject>Trace Elements - analysis</subject><subject>Trace metals</subject><subject>uric acid</subject><subject>Uric Acid - analysis</subject><subject>urinary calculi</subject><subject>Urinary Calculi - chemistry</subject><subject>Urogenital system</subject><subject>X-radiation</subject><subject>Zinc</subject><issn>0269-4042</issn><issn>1573-2983</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1rFTEUhoNY7LX6A9zogBsXTj05yeSjOylWC4UuvF2H3ExySZnJ1GSmYH-9uUwVcSFdBZLnfU-Sh5A3FE4pgPxUKIiOtUB5q0XH24dnZEM7yVrUij0nG0ChWw4cj8nLUm4BQEuuXpBj7DhjHbAN2W6zdb7xgx99mksTU7PkmGz-2ZR5Sr6cNba5y36I47ob070vc9zbOU7pgF_YXCox3cfk_MfmMtv0ihwFOxT_-nE9ITcXX7bn39qr66-X55-vWse1ntvAd8CdVFZyt3MYLOcCPVVq1ytue68ks4CUoqTBq14i9kIzHYJSNvTo2An5sPbW8T-Wei0zxuL8MNjkp6UYKqRgXEmqn4AKyXiHGir6_h_0dlpyqg85UIpSgVxUiq6Uy1Mp2Qdzl-NYf8hQMAc7ZrVjqh1zsGMeaubtY_OyG33_J_FbRwVwBUo9Snuf_xr9n9Z3ayjYydh9jsXcfEegHQDV2CGyX7q9oyQ</recordid><startdate>20150401</startdate><enddate>20150401</enddate><creator>Keshavarzi, Behnam</creator><creator>Yavarashayeri, Nasrin</creator><creator>Irani, Dariush</creator><creator>Moore, Farid</creator><creator>Zarasvandi, Alireza</creator><creator>Salari, Mehrdad</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Netherlands</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150401</creationdate><title>Trace elements in urinary stones: a preliminary investigation in Fars province, Iran</title><author>Keshavarzi, Behnam ; Yavarashayeri, Nasrin ; Irani, Dariush ; Moore, Farid ; Zarasvandi, Alireza ; Salari, Mehrdad</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c499t-f4b04c78a74cbc2fa4462e188bd84ade873a0211271fe8d722d6939ff88afd2c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>cadmium</topic><topic>calcium</topic><topic>calcium oxalate</topic><topic>Calcium Oxalate - 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Academic</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><jtitle>Environmental geochemistry and health</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Keshavarzi, Behnam</au><au>Yavarashayeri, Nasrin</au><au>Irani, Dariush</au><au>Moore, Farid</au><au>Zarasvandi, Alireza</au><au>Salari, Mehrdad</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Trace elements in urinary stones: a preliminary investigation in Fars province, Iran</atitle><jtitle>Environmental geochemistry and health</jtitle><stitle>Environ Geochem Health</stitle><addtitle>Environ Geochem Health</addtitle><date>2015-04-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>37</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>377</spage><epage>389</epage><pages>377-389</pages><issn>0269-4042</issn><eissn>1573-2983</eissn><abstract>In view of the high incidence rate of urinary stones in the south and southwest of Iran, this paper investigates trace elements content including heavy metals in 39 urinary stones, collected from patients in Fars province, Iran. The mineralogy of the stones is investigated using X-ray diffractometry. The samples are classified into five mineral groups (calcium oxalate, uric acid, cystine, calcium phosphate and mixed stone). Major and trace elements in each group were determined using ICP-MS method. P and Ca constitute the main elements in urinary stones with Ca being more affine to oxalates while other alkali and alkaline earths precipitate with phosphate. Significant amounts of trace elements, especially Zn and Sr, were found in urinary calculi (calcium oxalate and phosphates) relative to biominerals (uric acid and cystine). Among urinary calculi, calcium phosphate contains greater amounts of trace metal than calcium oxalate. Phosphates seem to be the most important metal-bearing phases in urinary stones. Results indicate that concentrations of elements in urinary stones depend on the type of mineral phases. Significant differences in elements content across various mineralogical groups were found by applying statistical methods. Kruskal–Wallis test reveals significant difference between Ca, P, K, Na, Mg, S, Zn, Sr, Se, Cd, and Co content in different investigated mineral groups. Moreover, Mann–Whitney test differentiates Ca, Na, Zn, Sr, Co, and Ni between minerals in oxalate and uric acid stones. This study shows that urinary stone can provide complementary information on human exposure to elements and estimate the environmental risks involved in urinary stones formation.</abstract><cop>Dordrecht</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><pmid>25433503</pmid><doi>10.1007/s10653-014-9654-z</doi><tpages>13</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adult cadmium calcium calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate - analysis Calcium phosphates Calcium Phosphates - analysis cobalt cystine Cystine - analysis Earth and Environmental Science Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental risk Female Geochemistry Heavy metals Humans Iran magnesium Male Metals, Heavy - analysis Middle Aged Mineralogy minerals nickel Original Paper patients Public Health risk selenium sodium Soil Science & Conservation statistical analysis Statistical methods strontium Terrestrial Pollution Trace elements Trace Elements - analysis Trace metals uric acid Uric Acid - analysis urinary calculi Urinary Calculi - chemistry Urogenital system X-radiation Zinc |
| title | Trace elements in urinary stones: a preliminary investigation in Fars province, Iran |
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