Treatment-as-usual (TAU) is anything but usual: A meta-analysis of CBT versus TAU for anxiety and depression
Abstract Objectives There were three aims of this study, the first was to examine the efficacy of CBT versus treatment-as-usual (TAU) in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders, the second was to examine how TAU is defined in TAU control groups for those disorders, and the third was to exp...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of affective disorders 2015-04, Vol.175, p.152-167 |
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| creator | Watts, Sarah E Turnell, Adrienne Kladnitski, Natalie Newby, Jill M Andrews, Gavin |
| description | Abstract Objectives There were three aims of this study, the first was to examine the efficacy of CBT versus treatment-as-usual (TAU) in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders, the second was to examine how TAU is defined in TAU control groups for those disorders, and the third was to explore whether the type of TAU condition influences the estimate of effects of CBT. Method A systematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL was conducted. Results 48 studies of CBT for depressive or anxiety disorders ( n =6926) that specified that their control group received TAU were identified. Most ( n =45/48) provided an explanation of the TAU group however there was significant heterogeneity amongst TAU conditions. The meta-analysis showed medium effects favoring CBT over TAU for both anxiety ( g =0.69, 95% CI 0.47–0.92, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.025 |
| format | Article |
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Method A systematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL was conducted. Results 48 studies of CBT for depressive or anxiety disorders ( n =6926) that specified that their control group received TAU were identified. Most ( n =45/48) provided an explanation of the TAU group however there was significant heterogeneity amongst TAU conditions. The meta-analysis showed medium effects favoring CBT over TAU for both anxiety ( g =0.69, 95% CI 0.47–0.92, p <0.001, n =1318) and depressio n ( g =0.70, 95% CI 0.49–0.90, p <0.001, n =5054), with differential effects observed across TAU conditions. Conclusions CBT is superior to TAU and the size of the effect of CBT compared to TAU depends on the nature of the TAU condition. The term TAU is used in different ways and should be more precisely described. The four key details to be reported can be thought of as “who, what, how many, and any additional treatments?”</description><identifier>ISSN: 0165-0327</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1573-2517</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.025</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25618002</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Anxiety ; Anxiety - therapy ; Anxiety Disorders - therapy ; Cognitive behavior therapy ; Cognitive Therapy ; Depression ; Depression - therapy ; Depressive Disorder - therapy ; Humans ; Meta-analysis ; Psychiatry ; Thinking ; Treatment-as-usual</subject><ispartof>Journal of affective disorders, 2015-04, Vol.175, p.152-167</ispartof><rights>Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier B.V.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9593af320dd8c6ec42397bb5e6862cf78f2357d09de332b3adf9bcd5469cf7073</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9593af320dd8c6ec42397bb5e6862cf78f2357d09de332b3adf9bcd5469cf7073</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6473-9811</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.025$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3548,27923,27924,45994</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25618002$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Watts, Sarah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turnell, Adrienne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kladnitski, Natalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newby, Jill M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrews, Gavin</creatorcontrib><title>Treatment-as-usual (TAU) is anything but usual: A meta-analysis of CBT versus TAU for anxiety and depression</title><title>Journal of affective disorders</title><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><description>Abstract Objectives There were three aims of this study, the first was to examine the efficacy of CBT versus treatment-as-usual (TAU) in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders, the second was to examine how TAU is defined in TAU control groups for those disorders, and the third was to explore whether the type of TAU condition influences the estimate of effects of CBT. Method A systematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL was conducted. Results 48 studies of CBT for depressive or anxiety disorders ( n =6926) that specified that their control group received TAU were identified. Most ( n =45/48) provided an explanation of the TAU group however there was significant heterogeneity amongst TAU conditions. The meta-analysis showed medium effects favoring CBT over TAU for both anxiety ( g =0.69, 95% CI 0.47–0.92, p <0.001, n =1318) and depressio n ( g =0.70, 95% CI 0.49–0.90, p <0.001, n =5054), with differential effects observed across TAU conditions. Conclusions CBT is superior to TAU and the size of the effect of CBT compared to TAU depends on the nature of the TAU condition. The term TAU is used in different ways and should be more precisely described. The four key details to be reported can be thought of as “who, what, how many, and any additional treatments?”</description><subject>Anxiety</subject><subject>Anxiety - therapy</subject><subject>Anxiety Disorders - therapy</subject><subject>Cognitive behavior therapy</subject><subject>Cognitive Therapy</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Depression - therapy</subject><subject>Depressive Disorder - therapy</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Meta-analysis</subject><subject>Psychiatry</subject><subject>Thinking</subject><subject>Treatment-as-usual</subject><issn>0165-0327</issn><issn>1573-2517</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kU1v1DAQhi0EosvCD-CCfCyHBH_EcQJSpWVVPqRKHNieLceegEM2WTxJRf49Trdw4MBhNId5n5HmGUJecpZzxss3Xd5ZnwvGi5yLnAn1iGy40jITiuvHZJMyKmNS6AvyDLFjjJW1Zk_JhVAlrxgTG9IfItjpCMOUWcxmnG1PLw-729c0ILXDMn0PwzfazBO9n72lO3qEyWZ2sP2CKTO2dP_-QO8g4ow0kbQdYyJ_BZiW1D31cIqAGMbhOXnS2h7hxUPfktsP14f9p-zmy8fP-91N5gpdTFmtamlbKZj3lSvBFULWumkUlFUpXKurVkilPas9SCkaaX1bN86roqzTlGm5JZfnvac4_pwBJ3MM6KDv7QDjjIaXWqVaVW0JP0ddHBEjtOYUw9HGxXBmVsmmM0myWSUbLkySnJhXD-vn5gj-L_HHagq8OwcgHXkXIBp0AQYHPkRwk_Fj-O_6q39o14chONv_gAWwG-eY5KcrDCbAfF2_vD6ZF4xVnFfyNwRKoLc</recordid><startdate>20150401</startdate><enddate>20150401</enddate><creator>Watts, Sarah E</creator><creator>Turnell, Adrienne</creator><creator>Kladnitski, Natalie</creator><creator>Newby, Jill M</creator><creator>Andrews, Gavin</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-9811</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20150401</creationdate><title>Treatment-as-usual (TAU) is anything but usual: A meta-analysis of CBT versus TAU for anxiety and depression</title><author>Watts, Sarah E ; Turnell, Adrienne ; Kladnitski, Natalie ; Newby, Jill M ; Andrews, Gavin</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c474t-9593af320dd8c6ec42397bb5e6862cf78f2357d09de332b3adf9bcd5469cf7073</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Anxiety</topic><topic>Anxiety - therapy</topic><topic>Anxiety Disorders - therapy</topic><topic>Cognitive behavior therapy</topic><topic>Cognitive Therapy</topic><topic>Depression</topic><topic>Depression - therapy</topic><topic>Depressive Disorder - therapy</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Meta-analysis</topic><topic>Psychiatry</topic><topic>Thinking</topic><topic>Treatment-as-usual</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Watts, Sarah E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Turnell, Adrienne</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kladnitski, Natalie</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Newby, Jill M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Andrews, Gavin</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Watts, Sarah E</au><au>Turnell, Adrienne</au><au>Kladnitski, Natalie</au><au>Newby, Jill M</au><au>Andrews, Gavin</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Treatment-as-usual (TAU) is anything but usual: A meta-analysis of CBT versus TAU for anxiety and depression</atitle><jtitle>Journal of affective disorders</jtitle><addtitle>J Affect Disord</addtitle><date>2015-04-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>175</volume><spage>152</spage><epage>167</epage><pages>152-167</pages><issn>0165-0327</issn><eissn>1573-2517</eissn><abstract>Abstract Objectives There were three aims of this study, the first was to examine the efficacy of CBT versus treatment-as-usual (TAU) in the treatment of anxiety and depressive disorders, the second was to examine how TAU is defined in TAU control groups for those disorders, and the third was to explore whether the type of TAU condition influences the estimate of effects of CBT. Method A systematic search of Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PsycINFO, and CINAHL was conducted. Results 48 studies of CBT for depressive or anxiety disorders ( n =6926) that specified that their control group received TAU were identified. Most ( n =45/48) provided an explanation of the TAU group however there was significant heterogeneity amongst TAU conditions. The meta-analysis showed medium effects favoring CBT over TAU for both anxiety ( g =0.69, 95% CI 0.47–0.92, p <0.001, n =1318) and depressio n ( g =0.70, 95% CI 0.49–0.90, p <0.001, n =5054), with differential effects observed across TAU conditions. Conclusions CBT is superior to TAU and the size of the effect of CBT compared to TAU depends on the nature of the TAU condition. The term TAU is used in different ways and should be more precisely described. The four key details to be reported can be thought of as “who, what, how many, and any additional treatments?”</abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>25618002</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.025</doi><tpages>16</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-9811</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| source | MEDLINE; ScienceDirect Journals (5 years ago - present) |
| subjects | Anxiety Anxiety - therapy Anxiety Disorders - therapy Cognitive behavior therapy Cognitive Therapy Depression Depression - therapy Depressive Disorder - therapy Humans Meta-analysis Psychiatry Thinking Treatment-as-usual |
| title | Treatment-as-usual (TAU) is anything but usual: A meta-analysis of CBT versus TAU for anxiety and depression |
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