Improving efficiency of breeding for higher crop yield

Exclusive selection for yield raises, the harvest index of self pollinated crops with little or no gain in total biomass. In addition to selection for yield, it is suggested that efficient breeding for higher yield requires simultaneous selection for yield's three major, genetically controlled...

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Veröffentlicht in:Theoretical and applied genetics 1993-03, Vol.86 (1), p.27-40
Hauptverfasser: Wallace, D.H. (Cornell Univ., Ithaka, NY (USA). Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biometry), Baudoin, J.P, Beaver, J, Coyne, D.P, Halseth, D.E, Masaya, P.N, Munger, H.M, Myers, J.R, Silbernagel, M, Yourstone, K.S, Zobel, R.W
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container_title Theoretical and applied genetics
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creator Wallace, D.H. (Cornell Univ., Ithaka, NY (USA). Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biometry)
Baudoin, J.P
Beaver, J
Coyne, D.P
Halseth, D.E
Masaya, P.N
Munger, H.M
Myers, J.R
Silbernagel, M
Yourstone, K.S
Zobel, R.W
description Exclusive selection for yield raises, the harvest index of self pollinated crops with little or no gain in total biomass. In addition to selection for yield, it is suggested that efficient breeding for higher yield requires simultaneous selection for yield's three major, genetically controlled physiological components. The following are needed: (1) a superior rate of biomass accumulation. (2) a superior rate of actual yield accumulation in order to acquire a high harvest index, and (3) a time to harvest maturity that is neither shorter nor longer than the duration of the growing season. That duration is provided by the environment, which is the fourth major determinant of yield. Simultaneous selection is required because genetically established interconnections among the three major physiological components cause: (a) a correlation between the harvest index and days to maturity that is usually negative; (b) a correlation between the harvest index and total biomass that is often negative, and (c) a correlation between biomass and days to maturity that is usually positive. All three physiological components and the correlations among them can be quantified by yield system analysis (YSA) of yield trials. An additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) statistical analysis can separate and quantify the genotype x environment interaction (G x E) effect on yield and on each physiological component that is caused by each genotype and by the different environment of each yield trial. The use of yield trials to select parents which have the highest rates of accumulation of both biomass and yield, in addition to selecting for the G x E that is specifically adapted to the site can accelerate advance toward the highest potential yield at each geographical site.
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subjects ADAPTACION
ADAPTATION
Biological and medical sciences
CARACTERES DE RENDIMIENTO
Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids
COMPOSANTE DE RENDEMENT
Cultivar adaptation
FOTOPERIODISMO
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution
Harvest index
INDICE DE RECOLTE
MADUREZ
MATURITE
Maturity
METHODE D'AMELIORATION
Methods, theories and miscellaneous
METODOS DE MEJORAMIENTO
Partitioning
Photoperiod
PHOTOPERIODICITE
RELACION GRANO PAJA
SELECCION
SELECTION
TEMPERATURA
TEMPERATURE
Yield physiology
title Improving efficiency of breeding for higher crop yield
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