The Relationships among Wind, Horizontal Pressure Gradient, and Turbulent Momentum Transport during CASES-99
Relationships among the horizontal pressure gradient, the Coriolis force, and the vertical momentum transport by turbulent fluxes are investigated using data collected from the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99). Wind toward higher pressure (WTHP) adjacent to the ground oc...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of the atmospheric sciences 2013-11, Vol.70 (11), p.3397-3414 |
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| container_title | Journal of the atmospheric sciences |
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| creator | JIELUN SUN LENSCHOW, Donald H MAHRT, Larry NAPPO, Carmen |
| description | Relationships among the horizontal pressure gradient, the Coriolis force, and the vertical momentum transport by turbulent fluxes are investigated using data collected from the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99). Wind toward higher pressure (WTHP) adjacent to the ground occurred about 50% of the time. For wind speed at 5 m above the ground stronger than 5 m s super(-1), WTHP occurred about 20% of the time. Focusing on these moderate to strong wind cases only, relationships among horizontal pressure gradients, Coriolis force, and vertical turbulent transport in the momentum balance are investigated. The magnitude of the downward turbulent momentum flux consistently increases with height under moderate to strong winds, which results in the vertical convergence of the momentum flux and thus provides a momentum source and allows WTHP. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0233.1 |
| format | Article |
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Wind toward higher pressure (WTHP) adjacent to the ground occurred about 50% of the time. For wind speed at 5 m above the ground stronger than 5 m s super(-1), WTHP occurred about 20% of the time. Focusing on these moderate to strong wind cases only, relationships among horizontal pressure gradients, Coriolis force, and vertical turbulent transport in the momentum balance are investigated. The magnitude of the downward turbulent momentum flux consistently increases with height under moderate to strong winds, which results in the vertical convergence of the momentum flux and thus provides a momentum source and allows WTHP.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-4928</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-0469</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1175/JAS-D-12-0233.1</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAHSAK</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society</publisher><subject>Air flow ; Aircraft ; Boundary layers ; Calibration ; Convergence ; Coriolis force ; Crosswinds ; Datasets ; Earth, ocean, space ; Eddy diffusion ; Eddy diffusivity ; Exact sciences and technology ; External geophysics ; Fluctuations ; Fluid dynamics ; Fluxes ; Friction ; Grounds ; Horizontal ; Laboratories ; Meteorology ; Momentum ; Momentum balance ; Momentum flux ; Momentum transfer ; Momentum transport ; Physics of the high neutral atmosphere ; Planetary boundary layer ; Pressure ; Pressure gradients ; Pressure transducers ; Strong winds ; Studies ; Transport ; Turbulence ; Turbulent fluxes ; Vertical forces ; Vertical momentum ; Wind ; Wind direction ; Wind shear ; Wind speed ; Winds</subject><ispartof>Journal of the atmospheric sciences, 2013-11, Vol.70 (11), p.3397-3414</ispartof><rights>2014 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Meteorological Society Nov 2013</rights><rights>Copyright American Meteorological Society 2013</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-db9311144d7292b2ad053f8ba423f5e497677e5566ba446b0e360398bb7cdbb23</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c434t-db9311144d7292b2ad053f8ba423f5e497677e5566ba446b0e360398bb7cdbb23</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3668,27901,27902</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27900771$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>JIELUN SUN</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LENSCHOW, Donald H</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>MAHRT, Larry</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>NAPPO, Carmen</creatorcontrib><title>The Relationships among Wind, Horizontal Pressure Gradient, and Turbulent Momentum Transport during CASES-99</title><title>Journal of the atmospheric sciences</title><description>Relationships among the horizontal pressure gradient, the Coriolis force, and the vertical momentum transport by turbulent fluxes are investigated using data collected from the 1999 Cooperative Atmosphere-Surface Exchange Study (CASES-99). Wind toward higher pressure (WTHP) adjacent to the ground occurred about 50% of the time. For wind speed at 5 m above the ground stronger than 5 m s super(-1), WTHP occurred about 20% of the time. Focusing on these moderate to strong wind cases only, relationships among horizontal pressure gradients, Coriolis force, and vertical turbulent transport in the momentum balance are investigated. The magnitude of the downward turbulent momentum flux consistently increases with height under moderate to strong winds, which results in the vertical convergence of the momentum flux and thus provides a momentum source and allows WTHP.</description><subject>Air flow</subject><subject>Aircraft</subject><subject>Boundary layers</subject><subject>Calibration</subject><subject>Convergence</subject><subject>Coriolis force</subject><subject>Crosswinds</subject><subject>Datasets</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Eddy diffusion</subject><subject>Eddy diffusivity</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>External geophysics</subject><subject>Fluctuations</subject><subject>Fluid dynamics</subject><subject>Fluxes</subject><subject>Friction</subject><subject>Grounds</subject><subject>Horizontal</subject><subject>Laboratories</subject><subject>Meteorology</subject><subject>Momentum</subject><subject>Momentum balance</subject><subject>Momentum flux</subject><subject>Momentum transfer</subject><subject>Momentum transport</subject><subject>Physics of the high neutral atmosphere</subject><subject>Planetary boundary layer</subject><subject>Pressure</subject><subject>Pressure gradients</subject><subject>Pressure transducers</subject><subject>Strong winds</subject><subject>Studies</subject><subject>Transport</subject><subject>Turbulence</subject><subject>Turbulent fluxes</subject><subject>Vertical forces</subject><subject>Vertical momentum</subject><subject>Wind</subject><subject>Wind direction</subject><subject>Wind shear</subject><subject>Wind 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Wind toward higher pressure (WTHP) adjacent to the ground occurred about 50% of the time. For wind speed at 5 m above the ground stronger than 5 m s super(-1), WTHP occurred about 20% of the time. Focusing on these moderate to strong wind cases only, relationships among horizontal pressure gradients, Coriolis force, and vertical turbulent transport in the momentum balance are investigated. The magnitude of the downward turbulent momentum flux consistently increases with height under moderate to strong winds, which results in the vertical convergence of the momentum flux and thus provides a momentum source and allows WTHP.</abstract><cop>Boston, MA</cop><pub>American Meteorological Society</pub><doi>10.1175/JAS-D-12-0233.1</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | American Meteorological Society; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; Alma/SFX Local Collection |
| subjects | Air flow Aircraft Boundary layers Calibration Convergence Coriolis force Crosswinds Datasets Earth, ocean, space Eddy diffusion Eddy diffusivity Exact sciences and technology External geophysics Fluctuations Fluid dynamics Fluxes Friction Grounds Horizontal Laboratories Meteorology Momentum Momentum balance Momentum flux Momentum transfer Momentum transport Physics of the high neutral atmosphere Planetary boundary layer Pressure Pressure gradients Pressure transducers Strong winds Studies Transport Turbulence Turbulent fluxes Vertical forces Vertical momentum Wind Wind direction Wind shear Wind speed Winds |
| title | The Relationships among Wind, Horizontal Pressure Gradient, and Turbulent Momentum Transport during CASES-99 |
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