Effect of the dilution process on the attenuation of contaminants in aquifers
This paper discusses the effects of the dilution process on levels of aquifer contamination attenuation, developing analytical equations for application in theoretical and practical cases. The key finding is that, in aquifers, the dilution process causes a reduction of the contaminant concentration....
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental earth sciences 2013-11, Vol.70 (6), p.2767-2784 |
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| creator | Lasagna, Manuela De Luca, Domenico Antonio Debernardi, Laura Clemente, Paolo |
| description | This paper discusses the effects of the dilution process on levels of aquifer contamination attenuation, developing analytical equations for application in theoretical and practical cases. The key finding is that, in aquifers, the dilution process causes a reduction of the contaminant concentration. Analytical equations for the assessment of the contaminant attenuation capacity, by means of the dilution process in an aquifer, are put forward. In particular, the attenuation of the contaminant concentration in an aquifer, and thus the dilution, is described by the volumetric flow rate per unit width perpendicular to the flow direction (q ᵤ). Moreover, a classification of q ᵤ was developed, considering six classes of attenuation capacity due to dilution. For the equations validation, nitrate contamination attenuation due to dilution was analysed in two sample areas in Piedmont (North-West Italy). The results confirmed the hypothesis, evidencing high nitrate concentrations in areas with low q ᵤ values, connected to low dilution rate of the contaminant in the groundwater; vice versa, low nitrate concentrations were evidenced in areas with high q ᵤ values, due to a high nitrate dilution rate. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s12665-013-2336-9 |
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The key finding is that, in aquifers, the dilution process causes a reduction of the contaminant concentration. Analytical equations for the assessment of the contaminant attenuation capacity, by means of the dilution process in an aquifer, are put forward. In particular, the attenuation of the contaminant concentration in an aquifer, and thus the dilution, is described by the volumetric flow rate per unit width perpendicular to the flow direction (q ᵤ). Moreover, a classification of q ᵤ was developed, considering six classes of attenuation capacity due to dilution. For the equations validation, nitrate contamination attenuation due to dilution was analysed in two sample areas in Piedmont (North-West Italy). The results confirmed the hypothesis, evidencing high nitrate concentrations in areas with low q ᵤ values, connected to low dilution rate of the contaminant in the groundwater; vice versa, low nitrate concentrations were evidenced in areas with high q ᵤ values, due to a high nitrate dilution rate.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1866-6280</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1866-6299</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s12665-013-2336-9</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag</publisher><subject>Aquifers ; Attenuation ; Biogeosciences ; Chemical contaminants ; Classification ; Contaminants ; Contamination ; Dilution ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental Science and Engineering ; equations ; Exact sciences and technology ; Flow rates ; Geochemistry ; Geology ; Groundwater ; groundwater contamination ; Groundwater pollution ; Hydrogeology ; Hydrology. Hydrogeology ; Hydrology/Water Resources ; material flow analysis ; Mathematical analysis ; Nitrates ; Original Article ; piedmont ; pollutants ; Pollution, environment geology ; Terrestrial Pollution ; Water resources</subject><ispartof>Environmental earth sciences, 2013-11, Vol.70 (6), p.2767-2784</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a568t-1f0fe30c017e598ba010fb64550edb255e28cbc521c0a7068e4780f063eacdfc3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a568t-1f0fe30c017e598ba010fb64550edb255e28cbc521c0a7068e4780f063eacdfc3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-013-2336-9$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s12665-013-2336-9$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=27917845$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Lasagna, Manuela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Luca, Domenico Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debernardi, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clemente, Paolo</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of the dilution process on the attenuation of contaminants in aquifers</title><title>Environmental earth sciences</title><addtitle>Environ Earth Sci</addtitle><description>This paper discusses the effects of the dilution process on levels of aquifer contamination attenuation, developing analytical equations for application in theoretical and practical cases. The key finding is that, in aquifers, the dilution process causes a reduction of the contaminant concentration. Analytical equations for the assessment of the contaminant attenuation capacity, by means of the dilution process in an aquifer, are put forward. In particular, the attenuation of the contaminant concentration in an aquifer, and thus the dilution, is described by the volumetric flow rate per unit width perpendicular to the flow direction (q ᵤ). Moreover, a classification of q ᵤ was developed, considering six classes of attenuation capacity due to dilution. For the equations validation, nitrate contamination attenuation due to dilution was analysed in two sample areas in Piedmont (North-West Italy). The results confirmed the hypothesis, evidencing high nitrate concentrations in areas with low q ᵤ values, connected to low dilution rate of the contaminant in the groundwater; vice versa, low nitrate concentrations were evidenced in areas with high q ᵤ values, due to a high nitrate dilution rate.</description><subject>Aquifers</subject><subject>Attenuation</subject><subject>Biogeosciences</subject><subject>Chemical contaminants</subject><subject>Classification</subject><subject>Contaminants</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Dilution</subject><subject>Earth and Environmental Science</subject><subject>Earth Sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental Science and Engineering</subject><subject>equations</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Flow rates</subject><subject>Geochemistry</subject><subject>Geology</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>groundwater contamination</subject><subject>Groundwater pollution</subject><subject>Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</subject><subject>Hydrology/Water Resources</subject><subject>material flow analysis</subject><subject>Mathematical analysis</subject><subject>Nitrates</subject><subject>Original Article</subject><subject>piedmont</subject><subject>pollutants</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Terrestrial Pollution</subject><subject>Water resources</subject><issn>1866-6280</issn><issn>1866-6299</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkU9rFTEUxQdRsNR-AFcOiOBm9N5k8m8ppVWh4kK7DvflJXXKvEybZBZ-e-9zShEXmk1C7u-enJvTdS8R3iGAeV9RaK0GQDkIKfXgnnQnaLUetHDu6ePZwvPurNZb4CVROtAn3ZeLlGJo_ZL69iP2-2le27Tk_q4sIdba8_F4T63FvNLvEqNhyY0OU6bcaj_lnu7XKcVSX3TPEs01nj3sp9315cX380_D1dePn88_XA2ktG0DJkhRQgA0UTm7I0BIOz0qBXG_E0pFYcMuKIEByIC2cTQWEmgZKexTkKfd202Xbd6vsTZ_mGqI80w5Lmv1qA2OzvCY_0dHfpeNmCP6-i_0dllL5kGYYgMgjbBM4UaFstRaYvJ3ZTpQ-ekR_DEOv8XhOQ5_jMM77nnzoEw10JwK5TDVx0ZhHBo7KubExlUu5ZtY_nDwD_FXW1OixdNNYeHrbwJwBP5Whc7IXwQ2oZI</recordid><startdate>20131101</startdate><enddate>20131101</enddate><creator>Lasagna, Manuela</creator><creator>De Luca, Domenico Antonio</creator><creator>Debernardi, Laura</creator><creator>Clemente, Paolo</creator><general>Springer-Verlag</general><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>BKSAR</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PCBAR</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20131101</creationdate><title>Effect of the dilution process on the attenuation of contaminants in aquifers</title><author>Lasagna, Manuela ; De Luca, Domenico Antonio ; Debernardi, Laura ; Clemente, Paolo</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a568t-1f0fe30c017e598ba010fb64550edb255e28cbc521c0a7068e4780f063eacdfc3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Aquifers</topic><topic>Attenuation</topic><topic>Biogeosciences</topic><topic>Chemical contaminants</topic><topic>Classification</topic><topic>Contaminants</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Dilution</topic><topic>Earth and Environmental Science</topic><topic>Earth Sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environmental Science and Engineering</topic><topic>equations</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Flow rates</topic><topic>Geochemistry</topic><topic>Geology</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>groundwater contamination</topic><topic>Groundwater pollution</topic><topic>Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Hydrology. Hydrogeology</topic><topic>Hydrology/Water Resources</topic><topic>material flow analysis</topic><topic>Mathematical analysis</topic><topic>Nitrates</topic><topic>Original Article</topic><topic>piedmont</topic><topic>pollutants</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Terrestrial Pollution</topic><topic>Water resources</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Lasagna, Manuela</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Luca, Domenico Antonio</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Debernardi, Laura</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Clemente, Paolo</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>Science Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Earth, Atmospheric & Aquatic Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Basic</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Environmental earth sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Lasagna, Manuela</au><au>De Luca, Domenico Antonio</au><au>Debernardi, Laura</au><au>Clemente, Paolo</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of the dilution process on the attenuation of contaminants in aquifers</atitle><jtitle>Environmental earth sciences</jtitle><stitle>Environ Earth Sci</stitle><date>2013-11-01</date><risdate>2013</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>6</issue><spage>2767</spage><epage>2784</epage><pages>2767-2784</pages><issn>1866-6280</issn><eissn>1866-6299</eissn><abstract>This paper discusses the effects of the dilution process on levels of aquifer contamination attenuation, developing analytical equations for application in theoretical and practical cases. The key finding is that, in aquifers, the dilution process causes a reduction of the contaminant concentration. Analytical equations for the assessment of the contaminant attenuation capacity, by means of the dilution process in an aquifer, are put forward. In particular, the attenuation of the contaminant concentration in an aquifer, and thus the dilution, is described by the volumetric flow rate per unit width perpendicular to the flow direction (q ᵤ). Moreover, a classification of q ᵤ was developed, considering six classes of attenuation capacity due to dilution. For the equations validation, nitrate contamination attenuation due to dilution was analysed in two sample areas in Piedmont (North-West Italy). The results confirmed the hypothesis, evidencing high nitrate concentrations in areas with low q ᵤ values, connected to low dilution rate of the contaminant in the groundwater; vice versa, low nitrate concentrations were evidenced in areas with high q ᵤ values, due to a high nitrate dilution rate.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer-Verlag</pub><doi>10.1007/s12665-013-2336-9</doi><tpages>18</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Aquifers Attenuation Biogeosciences Chemical contaminants Classification Contaminants Contamination Dilution Earth and Environmental Science Earth Sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental Science and Engineering equations Exact sciences and technology Flow rates Geochemistry Geology Groundwater groundwater contamination Groundwater pollution Hydrogeology Hydrology. Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources material flow analysis Mathematical analysis Nitrates Original Article piedmont pollutants Pollution, environment geology Terrestrial Pollution Water resources |
| title | Effect of the dilution process on the attenuation of contaminants in aquifers |
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