Mechanisms of Parathion Resistance in the Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)
Results of studies to determine the mechanism of parathion resistance in greenbugs, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), indicate that the resistance is due to the combined effects of metabolic detoxification and target site insensitivity. Resistance to parathion is partially suppressible by the hydrolyti...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pesticide biochemistry and physiology 1993, Vol.45 (1), p.24-33 |
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| creator | Siegfried, B.D. Ono, M. |
| description | Results of studies to determine the mechanism of parathion resistance in greenbugs,
Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), indicate that the resistance is due to the combined effects of metabolic detoxification and target site insensitivity. Resistance to parathion is partially suppressible by the hydrolytic enzyme inhibitor DEF, suggesting involvement of hydrolytic enzymes and is in agreement with increased general esterase activity previously observed in the resistant aphids. The large increase in resistance observed in insects pretreated with the mixed function oxidase inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide, may indicate that metabolic factors associated with the resistance are more active toward the phosphorothioate molecule, although increased metabolism of paraoxon may have also resulted in higher resistance levels.
In vivo metabolism experiments confirm the involvement of metabolic detoxification in the resistance based on decreased rates of parathion recovery and paraoxon formation in the resistant strain. Resistance was also associated with a 2.5-fold decrease in sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to paraoxon inhibition and, therefore, target site insensitivity and metabolic detoxification interact to confer overall resistance levels. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1006/pest.1993.1004 |
| format | Article |
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Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), indicate that the resistance is due to the combined effects of metabolic detoxification and target site insensitivity. Resistance to parathion is partially suppressible by the hydrolytic enzyme inhibitor DEF, suggesting involvement of hydrolytic enzymes and is in agreement with increased general esterase activity previously observed in the resistant aphids. The large increase in resistance observed in insects pretreated with the mixed function oxidase inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide, may indicate that metabolic factors associated with the resistance are more active toward the phosphorothioate molecule, although increased metabolism of paraoxon may have also resulted in higher resistance levels.
In vivo metabolism experiments confirm the involvement of metabolic detoxification in the resistance based on decreased rates of parathion recovery and paraoxon formation in the resistant strain. Resistance was also associated with a 2.5-fold decrease in sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to paraoxon inhibition and, therefore, target site insensitivity and metabolic detoxification interact to confer overall resistance levels.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0048-3575</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1095-9939</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1006/pest.1993.1004</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PCBPBS</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>San Diego, CA: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>ACETILCOLINESTERASA ; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ; ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ; ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE ; Aphididae ; Biological and medical sciences ; BUTOXIDO DE PIPERONIL ; BUTOXYDE DE PIPERONYLE ; Chemical control ; CHOLINESTERASE ; COLINESTERASA ; Control ; DEFOLIANT ; DEFOLIANTES ; DESINTOXICACION ; DETOXIFICATION ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Homoptera ; INHIBIDORES DE ENZIMAS ; INHIBITEUR D'ENZYME ; Invertebrates ; METABOLISME ; METABOLISMO ; METABOLITE ; METABOLITOS ; PARATHION ; PARATION ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection ; Protozoa. Invertebrates ; SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM</subject><ispartof>Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 1993, Vol.45 (1), p.24-33</ispartof><rights>1993 Academic Press</rights><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-8ace730c33cb6419f290f838cc6f3af8d7ea107472651f145e9e02a4918f6f7a3</citedby></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.1006/pest.1993.1004$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,4024,27923,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4557544$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Siegfried, B.D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ono, M.</creatorcontrib><title>Mechanisms of Parathion Resistance in the Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)</title><title>Pesticide biochemistry and physiology</title><description>Results of studies to determine the mechanism of parathion resistance in greenbugs,
Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), indicate that the resistance is due to the combined effects of metabolic detoxification and target site insensitivity. Resistance to parathion is partially suppressible by the hydrolytic enzyme inhibitor DEF, suggesting involvement of hydrolytic enzymes and is in agreement with increased general esterase activity previously observed in the resistant aphids. The large increase in resistance observed in insects pretreated with the mixed function oxidase inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide, may indicate that metabolic factors associated with the resistance are more active toward the phosphorothioate molecule, although increased metabolism of paraoxon may have also resulted in higher resistance levels.
In vivo metabolism experiments confirm the involvement of metabolic detoxification in the resistance based on decreased rates of parathion recovery and paraoxon formation in the resistant strain. Resistance was also associated with a 2.5-fold decrease in sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to paraoxon inhibition and, therefore, target site insensitivity and metabolic detoxification interact to confer overall resistance levels.</description><subject>ACETILCOLINESTERASA</subject><subject>ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE</subject><subject>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</subject><subject>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</subject><subject>Aphididae</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>BUTOXIDO DE PIPERONIL</subject><subject>BUTOXYDE DE PIPERONYLE</subject><subject>Chemical control</subject><subject>CHOLINESTERASE</subject><subject>COLINESTERASA</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>DEFOLIANT</subject><subject>DEFOLIANTES</subject><subject>DESINTOXICACION</subject><subject>DETOXIFICATION</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Homoptera</subject><subject>INHIBIDORES DE ENZIMAS</subject><subject>INHIBITEUR D'ENZYME</subject><subject>Invertebrates</subject><subject>METABOLISME</subject><subject>METABOLISMO</subject><subject>METABOLITE</subject><subject>METABOLITOS</subject><subject>PARATHION</subject><subject>PARATION</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Protozoa. Invertebrates</subject><subject>SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM</subject><issn>0048-3575</issn><issn>1095-9939</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1993</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kM1LAzEQxYMoWKtXD55yEFFwa9LNfuQoRatQUVt7DtPspBvZj5psBf3rzVLx5ml4M--9kB8hp5yNOGPpzQZ9N-JSxr0Ue2TAmUyioOU-GYRNHsVJlhySI-_fGWNSMDkgr0-oS2isrz1tDX0BB11p24bO0VvfQaOR2oZ2JdKpQ2xW2_U1XejSfsOmtJ6uHdS22db0ct42RSi6OiYHBiqPJ79zSJb3d2-Th2j2PH2c3M4iLVjWRTlozGKm41ivUsGlGUtm8jjXOjUxmLzIEDjLRDZOE264SFAiG4OQPDepySAekotd78a1H9vwd1Vbr7GqoMF26xVPUxliIhhHO6N2rfcOjdo4W4P7UpypnpzqyameXC_7wPlvM3gNlXGBgvV_KZEEjKK3ne1sBloFaxcsy4UUgTpLwjHfHTEg-LTolNcWA83COtSdKlr73_M_412Jmg</recordid><startdate>1993</startdate><enddate>1993</enddate><creator>Siegfried, B.D.</creator><creator>Ono, M.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SS</scope></search><sort><creationdate>1993</creationdate><title>Mechanisms of Parathion Resistance in the Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)</title><author>Siegfried, B.D. ; Ono, M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c407t-8ace730c33cb6419f290f838cc6f3af8d7ea107472651f145e9e02a4918f6f7a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1993</creationdate><topic>ACETILCOLINESTERASA</topic><topic>ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE</topic><topic>ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA</topic><topic>ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE</topic><topic>Aphididae</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>BUTOXIDO DE PIPERONIL</topic><topic>BUTOXYDE DE PIPERONYLE</topic><topic>Chemical control</topic><topic>CHOLINESTERASE</topic><topic>COLINESTERASA</topic><topic>Control</topic><topic>DEFOLIANT</topic><topic>DEFOLIANTES</topic><topic>DESINTOXICACION</topic><topic>DETOXIFICATION</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Homoptera</topic><topic>INHIBIDORES DE ENZIMAS</topic><topic>INHIBITEUR D'ENZYME</topic><topic>Invertebrates</topic><topic>METABOLISME</topic><topic>METABOLISMO</topic><topic>METABOLITE</topic><topic>METABOLITOS</topic><topic>PARATHION</topic><topic>PARATION</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Protozoa. Invertebrates</topic><topic>SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Siegfried, B.D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ono, M.</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><jtitle>Pesticide biochemistry and physiology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Siegfried, B.D.</au><au>Ono, M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Mechanisms of Parathion Resistance in the Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)</atitle><jtitle>Pesticide biochemistry and physiology</jtitle><date>1993</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>24</spage><epage>33</epage><pages>24-33</pages><issn>0048-3575</issn><eissn>1095-9939</eissn><coden>PCBPBS</coden><abstract>Results of studies to determine the mechanism of parathion resistance in greenbugs,
Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), indicate that the resistance is due to the combined effects of metabolic detoxification and target site insensitivity. Resistance to parathion is partially suppressible by the hydrolytic enzyme inhibitor DEF, suggesting involvement of hydrolytic enzymes and is in agreement with increased general esterase activity previously observed in the resistant aphids. The large increase in resistance observed in insects pretreated with the mixed function oxidase inhibitor, piperonyl butoxide, may indicate that metabolic factors associated with the resistance are more active toward the phosphorothioate molecule, although increased metabolism of paraoxon may have also resulted in higher resistance levels.
In vivo metabolism experiments confirm the involvement of metabolic detoxification in the resistance based on decreased rates of parathion recovery and paraoxon formation in the resistant strain. Resistance was also associated with a 2.5-fold decrease in sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase to paraoxon inhibition and, therefore, target site insensitivity and metabolic detoxification interact to confer overall resistance levels.</abstract><cop>San Diego, CA</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><doi>10.1006/pest.1993.1004</doi><tpages>10</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | ACETILCOLINESTERASA ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVIDAD ENZIMATICA ACTIVITE ENZYMATIQUE Aphididae Biological and medical sciences BUTOXIDO DE PIPERONIL BUTOXYDE DE PIPERONYLE Chemical control CHOLINESTERASE COLINESTERASA Control DEFOLIANT DEFOLIANTES DESINTOXICACION DETOXIFICATION Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Homoptera INHIBIDORES DE ENZIMAS INHIBITEUR D'ENZYME Invertebrates METABOLISME METABOLISMO METABOLITE METABOLITOS PARATHION PARATION Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Protozoa. Invertebrates SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM |
| title | Mechanisms of Parathion Resistance in the Greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) |
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