Photoreactivity of Unfunctionalized Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Involving Hydroxyl Radical: Chiral Dependency and Surface Coating Effect
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have a variety of potential and demonstrated applications, and their production rates are increasing rapidly. This increase in production has motivated research on their transport and potential transformation and their toxicity in the environment. In this work,...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Environmental science & technology 2014-04, Vol.48 (7), p.3875-3882 |
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| creator | Hou, Wen-Che BeigzadehMilani, Somayeh Jafvert, Chad T Zepp, Richard G |
| description | Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have a variety of potential and demonstrated applications, and their production rates are increasing rapidly. This increase in production has motivated research on their transport and potential transformation and their toxicity in the environment. In this work, we examined the direct and indirect photoreactivity of SWCNTs under sunlight conditions. We found that the direct photoreactivity of pristine SWCNTs is generally low; however, indirect photoreaction involving ·OH may be significant in natural aquatic environments. Environmental photochemical reactions generating ·OH lead to distinct changes in SWCNT fluorescence efficiency in the near-infrared (NIR) region, Raman spectra, and light attenuation spectra in the UV, visible, and NIR regions, indicating that covalent functionalization of SWCNTs occurs. The reactivity of SWCNTs to ·OH is dependent on the specific chiral structure of the SWCNTs and the surfactant associated with it. An operationally defined second-order rate constant (based on the decrease in NIR fluorescence signals) for all SWCNT chiral species reacting with ·OH was estimated to be (2.91 ± 1.30) × 1010 M–1 s–1. Our work suggests that photochemical reactions may be a significant transformation pathway of SWCNTs in aquatic systems. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1021/es500013j |
| format | Article |
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An operationally defined second-order rate constant (based on the decrease in NIR fluorescence signals) for all SWCNT chiral species reacting with ·OH was estimated to be (2.91 ± 1.30) × 1010 M–1 s–1. Our work suggests that photochemical reactions may be a significant transformation pathway of SWCNTs in aquatic systems.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0013-936X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-5851</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1021/es500013j</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24628431</identifier><identifier>CODEN: ESTHAG</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Washington, DC: American Chemical Society</publisher><subject>Applied sciences ; Biological and physicochemical phenomena ; Carbon ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environment ; Exact sciences and technology ; Fluorescence ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydroxyl Radical - chemistry ; Light ; Nanotubes ; Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry ; Nanotubes, Carbon - radiation effects ; Natural water pollution ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Surface Properties ; Surfactants ; Time Factors ; Toxicity ; Ultraviolet radiation ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Environmental science & technology, 2014-04, Vol.48 (7), p.3875-3882</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2014 American Chemical Society</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Chemical Society Apr 1, 2014</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a472t-ab9cfccd803d047363a48addd4838548a4f64d71c9ad2eb046f3962bd9f907dd3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a472t-ab9cfccd803d047363a48addd4838548a4f64d71c9ad2eb046f3962bd9f907dd3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es500013j$$EPDF$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es500013j$$EHTML$$P50$$Gacs$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,2752,27053,27901,27902,56713,56763</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=28433575$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24628431$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Hou, Wen-Che</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>BeigzadehMilani, Somayeh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jafvert, Chad T</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zepp, Richard G</creatorcontrib><title>Photoreactivity of Unfunctionalized Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Involving Hydroxyl Radical: Chiral Dependency and Surface Coating Effect</title><title>Environmental science & technology</title><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have a variety of potential and demonstrated applications, and their production rates are increasing rapidly. This increase in production has motivated research on their transport and potential transformation and their toxicity in the environment. In this work, we examined the direct and indirect photoreactivity of SWCNTs under sunlight conditions. We found that the direct photoreactivity of pristine SWCNTs is generally low; however, indirect photoreaction involving ·OH may be significant in natural aquatic environments. Environmental photochemical reactions generating ·OH lead to distinct changes in SWCNT fluorescence efficiency in the near-infrared (NIR) region, Raman spectra, and light attenuation spectra in the UV, visible, and NIR regions, indicating that covalent functionalization of SWCNTs occurs. The reactivity of SWCNTs to ·OH is dependent on the specific chiral structure of the SWCNTs and the surfactant associated with it. An operationally defined second-order rate constant (based on the decrease in NIR fluorescence signals) for all SWCNT chiral species reacting with ·OH was estimated to be (2.91 ± 1.30) × 1010 M–1 s–1. Our work suggests that photochemical reactions may be a significant transformation pathway of SWCNTs in aquatic systems.</description><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biological and physicochemical phenomena</subject><subject>Carbon</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environment</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Fluorescence</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>Hydroxyl Radical - chemistry</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Nanotubes</subject><subject>Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry</subject><subject>Nanotubes, Carbon - radiation effects</subject><subject>Natural water pollution</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Spectrometry, Fluorescence</subject><subject>Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet</subject><subject>Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared</subject><subject>Surface Properties</subject><subject>Surfactants</subject><subject>Time Factors</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Ultraviolet radiation</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0013-936X</issn><issn>1520-5851</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNpl0VtrFDEUB_Agil2rD34BCYigD6O5zsU3GastFBW16NtwJhebJZusyczi-A381mbp2oo-5cIv_xzOQeghJc8pYfSFyZIQQvn6FlpRyUglW0lvo9X-rup4_fUI3ct5XQzjpL2LjpioWSs4XaFfHy7jFJMBNbmdmxYcLb4Idg7lHAN499No_MmFb95UX8B73EMaY8DvIMRpHk3GZ2EX_a4IfLroFH8sHn8E7RT4l7i_dAk8fm22JmgT1IIhlLg5WVAG9xGm_bsTa42a7qM7Fnw2Dw7rMbp4c_K5P63O378961-dVyAaNlUwdsoqpVvCNRENrzmIFrTWouWtLFtha6EbqjrQzIxE1JZ3NRt1ZzvSaM2P0dOr3G2K32eTp2HjsjLeQzBxzgOt65bJRgpR6ON_6DrOqXSlKElFKzrRyaKeXSmVYs7J2GGb3AbSMlAy7OczXM-n2EeHxHncGH0t_wykgCcHALm00CYIyuUbVxAvxd04UPmvqv778Dd3pKVM</recordid><startdate>20140401</startdate><enddate>20140401</enddate><creator>Hou, Wen-Che</creator><creator>BeigzadehMilani, Somayeh</creator><creator>Jafvert, Chad T</creator><creator>Zepp, Richard G</creator><general>American Chemical Society</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H97</scope><scope>L.G</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140401</creationdate><title>Photoreactivity of Unfunctionalized Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Involving Hydroxyl Radical: Chiral Dependency and Surface Coating Effect</title><author>Hou, Wen-Che ; BeigzadehMilani, Somayeh ; Jafvert, Chad T ; Zepp, Richard G</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a472t-ab9cfccd803d047363a48addd4838548a4f64d71c9ad2eb046f3962bd9f907dd3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biological and physicochemical phenomena</topic><topic>Carbon</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. 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Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2014-04-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>48</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>3875</spage><epage>3882</epage><pages>3875-3882</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have a variety of potential and demonstrated applications, and their production rates are increasing rapidly. This increase in production has motivated research on their transport and potential transformation and their toxicity in the environment. In this work, we examined the direct and indirect photoreactivity of SWCNTs under sunlight conditions. We found that the direct photoreactivity of pristine SWCNTs is generally low; however, indirect photoreaction involving ·OH may be significant in natural aquatic environments. Environmental photochemical reactions generating ·OH lead to distinct changes in SWCNT fluorescence efficiency in the near-infrared (NIR) region, Raman spectra, and light attenuation spectra in the UV, visible, and NIR regions, indicating that covalent functionalization of SWCNTs occurs. The reactivity of SWCNTs to ·OH is dependent on the specific chiral structure of the SWCNTs and the surfactant associated with it. An operationally defined second-order rate constant (based on the decrease in NIR fluorescence signals) for all SWCNT chiral species reacting with ·OH was estimated to be (2.91 ± 1.30) × 1010 M–1 s–1. Our work suggests that photochemical reactions may be a significant transformation pathway of SWCNTs in aquatic systems.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>24628431</pmid><doi>10.1021/es500013j</doi><tpages>8</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Environmental science & technology, 2014-04, Vol.48 (7), p.3875-3882 |
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| subjects | Applied sciences Biological and physicochemical phenomena Carbon Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environment Exact sciences and technology Fluorescence Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Hydroxyl Radical - chemistry Light Nanotubes Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry Nanotubes, Carbon - radiation effects Natural water pollution Pollution Pollution, environment geology Spectrometry, Fluorescence Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared Surface Properties Surfactants Time Factors Toxicity Ultraviolet radiation Water treatment and pollution |
| title | Photoreactivity of Unfunctionalized Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Involving Hydroxyl Radical: Chiral Dependency and Surface Coating Effect |
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