Salvage combined chemotherapy with paclitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin for patients with advanced germ cell tumors

Objectives To investigate the efficacy of combined regimen with paclitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin as salvage chemotherapy in patients with cisplatin‐refractory or multiple relapsed germ cell tumors. Methods A total of 65 patients refractory to cisplatin‐based chemotherapy or with relapse after induction or salvage chemotherapy received paclitaxel 210 mg/m2 on day 1, ifosfamide 1.2 g/m2 on days 2–6 and nedaplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 2 of a 3‐week cycle. The primary and secondary end‐points were the response rate and overall survival, respectively. Results Paclitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin therapy was carried out as second‐line therapy in 17 patients, third‐line in 31 and fourth‐line or later in 17. Patients were pretreated with a median of six cycles of platinum‐based chemotherapy (range 3–15 cycles). The overall response rate was 62.9%, including one patient with complete response and 38 with partial response. Serum tumor marker levels normalized in 35 (56.5%) patients. Overall survival at a median follow up of 34 months was 59.3%, and median time to progression was 12 months. Multivariate analysis showed that serum tumor marker normalization was the only independent predictor of better progression‐free survival and overall survival. Grade 3/4 of neutropenia, anemia and thrombocytopenia was observed in 96.9%, in 81.5%, and in 90.8% of patients, respectively. Conclusion Paclitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin chemotherapy appears to be effective when used as first or second salvage treatment in advanced relapsed germ cell tumors. Even after fourth‐line therapy, patients with serum tumor marker normalization might have a chance for a cure.