Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde —was Robert Louis Stevenson inspired by Horace Wells?
Abstract It has been suggested that Robert Louis Stevenson's masterpiece Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde derived inspiration from the real-life tragedy of the final days of Connecticut dentist Horace Wells, innovator of the clinical use of the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide. We...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of anesthesia history 2015-01, Vol.1 (1), p.18-24 |
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description | Abstract It has been suggested that Robert Louis Stevenson's masterpiece Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde derived inspiration from the real-life tragedy of the final days of Connecticut dentist Horace Wells, innovator of the clinical use of the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide. We examined Stevenson's letters, biographies, and other references in the literature, press, and online to determine whether any factual basis exists for Stevenson to be aware of Wells' life, and also if it played any role in creating the novel's plot. Stevenson was born in Scotland, several years after Wells had committed suicide in New York. Wells' life and death received widespread coverage in the northeastern United States, but there is no evidence that it was printed in newspapers or periodicals in England or Scotland. On the other hand, novelists of the period, psychologists, and the lay public were quite interested in the concept of split personalities and the dual nature of man, so these may have been natural substrates for the novel. There is evidence that Stevenson dreamt about episodes similar to those depicted in his novel. All claims to any relationship between Wells and the novel come from the United States, and none of them are backed by evidence. In the absence of evidence supporting a relationship between the behavior exhibited by Wells during his final days and any inspiration that Stevenson might have derived from it, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to suggest any relationship between them. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.janh.2014.11.008 |
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We examined Stevenson's letters, biographies, and other references in the literature, press, and online to determine whether any factual basis exists for Stevenson to be aware of Wells' life, and also if it played any role in creating the novel's plot. Stevenson was born in Scotland, several years after Wells had committed suicide in New York. Wells' life and death received widespread coverage in the northeastern United States, but there is no evidence that it was printed in newspapers or periodicals in England or Scotland. On the other hand, novelists of the period, psychologists, and the lay public were quite interested in the concept of split personalities and the dual nature of man, so these may have been natural substrates for the novel. There is evidence that Stevenson dreamt about episodes similar to those depicted in his novel. All claims to any relationship between Wells and the novel come from the United States, and none of them are backed by evidence. In the absence of evidence supporting a relationship between the behavior exhibited by Wells during his final days and any inspiration that Stevenson might have derived from it, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to suggest any relationship between them.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2352-4529</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2352-4537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.janh.2014.11.008</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25748369</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Anesthesia & Perioperative Care ; Dr. Jekyll ; History of medicine and histology ; Horace Wells ; Mr. Hyde ; Robert Louis Stevenson ; Stevenson</subject><ispartof>Journal of anesthesia history, 2015-01, Vol.1 (1), p.18-24</ispartof><rights>Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>2014 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. 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We examined Stevenson's letters, biographies, and other references in the literature, press, and online to determine whether any factual basis exists for Stevenson to be aware of Wells' life, and also if it played any role in creating the novel's plot. Stevenson was born in Scotland, several years after Wells had committed suicide in New York. Wells' life and death received widespread coverage in the northeastern United States, but there is no evidence that it was printed in newspapers or periodicals in England or Scotland. On the other hand, novelists of the period, psychologists, and the lay public were quite interested in the concept of split personalities and the dual nature of man, so these may have been natural substrates for the novel. There is evidence that Stevenson dreamt about episodes similar to those depicted in his novel. All claims to any relationship between Wells and the novel come from the United States, and none of them are backed by evidence. In the absence of evidence supporting a relationship between the behavior exhibited by Wells during his final days and any inspiration that Stevenson might have derived from it, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to suggest any relationship between them.</description><subject>Anesthesia & Perioperative Care</subject><subject>Dr. Jekyll</subject><subject>History of medicine and histology</subject><subject>Horace Wells</subject><subject>Mr. Hyde</subject><subject>Robert Louis Stevenson</subject><subject>Stevenson</subject><issn>2352-4529</issn><issn>2352-4537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9kU2O1DAQhSMEYkbDXIAF8pJNB5djJ7aEQKj5aVAjJBrE0nLsCrgnbTd2Mig7DsEJOQmJepgFC1YuS-89VX2vKB4CLYFC_WRf7k34VjIKvAQoKZV3inNWCbbiomru3s5MnRWXOe8ppSBUw5W8X5wx0XBZ1eq80LshmfAVydpkJLEjL1NJ3uHV1PfEBEfez9_N5JD8_vnrh8nkY2wxDWQbR5_JbsBrDDkG4kM--oSOtBPZxGQski_Y9_n5g-JeZ_qMlzfvRfH59atP681q--HN2_WL7cqyphlWEsBwlMxyIZBRaWtlQPLGdtYB7YwSQgATlkrOpXVIG6xb7JgTjvHWqOqieHzKPab4fcQ86IPPdl7BBIxj1lDXoJSSfJGyk9SmmHPCTh-TP5g0aaB6Yav3emGrF7YaQM9sZ9Ojm_yxPaC7tfwlOQuengQ4X3ntMelsPQaLbuZiB-2i_3_-s3_stvfBW9Nf4YR5H8cUZn4adGaa6t3S7lIu8LlYqprqDxJXnm4</recordid><startdate>20150101</startdate><enddate>20150101</enddate><creator>Vyas, Rini A</creator><creator>Desai, Sukumar P., MD</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150101</creationdate><title>Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde —was Robert Louis Stevenson inspired by Horace Wells?</title><author>Vyas, Rini A ; Desai, Sukumar P., MD</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c277t-811a4e82c455e208c69a1847cfcd10fa9555125c08448cde07e6bef2d5d24ba93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Anesthesia & Perioperative Care</topic><topic>Dr. Jekyll</topic><topic>History of medicine and histology</topic><topic>Horace Wells</topic><topic>Mr. Hyde</topic><topic>Robert Louis Stevenson</topic><topic>Stevenson</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Vyas, Rini A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Desai, Sukumar P., MD</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of anesthesia history</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Vyas, Rini A</au><au>Desai, Sukumar P., MD</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde —was Robert Louis Stevenson inspired by Horace Wells?</atitle><jtitle>Journal of anesthesia history</jtitle><addtitle>J Anesth Hist</addtitle><date>2015-01-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>18</spage><epage>24</epage><pages>18-24</pages><issn>2352-4529</issn><eissn>2352-4537</eissn><abstract>Abstract It has been suggested that Robert Louis Stevenson's masterpiece Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde derived inspiration from the real-life tragedy of the final days of Connecticut dentist Horace Wells, innovator of the clinical use of the anesthetic properties of nitrous oxide. We examined Stevenson's letters, biographies, and other references in the literature, press, and online to determine whether any factual basis exists for Stevenson to be aware of Wells' life, and also if it played any role in creating the novel's plot. Stevenson was born in Scotland, several years after Wells had committed suicide in New York. Wells' life and death received widespread coverage in the northeastern United States, but there is no evidence that it was printed in newspapers or periodicals in England or Scotland. On the other hand, novelists of the period, psychologists, and the lay public were quite interested in the concept of split personalities and the dual nature of man, so these may have been natural substrates for the novel. There is evidence that Stevenson dreamt about episodes similar to those depicted in his novel. All claims to any relationship between Wells and the novel come from the United States, and none of them are backed by evidence. In the absence of evidence supporting a relationship between the behavior exhibited by Wells during his final days and any inspiration that Stevenson might have derived from it, we conclude that there is insufficient evidence to suggest any relationship between them.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>25748369</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.janh.2014.11.008</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Anesthesia & Perioperative Care Dr. Jekyll History of medicine and histology Horace Wells Mr. Hyde Robert Louis Stevenson Stevenson |
title | Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde —was Robert Louis Stevenson inspired by Horace Wells? |
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