An electrochemical magneto immunosensor (EMIS) for the determination of paraquat residues in potato samples
An electrochemical magneto immunosensor for the detection of low concentrations of paraquat (PQ) in food samples has been developed and its performance evaluated in a complex sample such as potato extracts. The immunosensor presented uses immunoreagents specifically developed for the recognition of...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry 2013-09, Vol.405 (24), p.7841-7849 |
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| container_title | Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry |
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| creator | Garcia-Febrero, Raul Valera, Enrique Muriano, Alejandro Pividori, M.-Isabel Sanchez-Baeza, Francisco Marco, M.-Pilar |
| description | An electrochemical magneto immunosensor for the detection of low concentrations of paraquat (PQ) in food samples has been developed and its performance evaluated in a complex sample such as potato extracts. The immunosensor presented uses immunoreagents specifically developed for the recognition of paraquat, a magnetic graphite–epoxy composite (m-GEC) electrode and biofunctionalized magnetic micro-particles (
PQ1
-
BSA
MP) that allow reduction of the potential interferences caused by the matrix components. The amperometric signal is provided by an enzymatic probe prepared by covalently linking an enzyme to the specific antibodies (Ab198-cc-HRP). The use of hydroquinone, as mediator, allows recording of the signal at a low potential, which also contributes to reducing the background noise potentially caused by the sample matrix. The immunocomplexes formed on top of the modified MP are easily captured by the m-GEC, which acts simultaneously as transducer. PQ can be detected at concentrations as low as 0.18 ± 0.09 μg L
−1
. Combined with an efficient extraction procedure, PQ residues can be directly detected and accurately quantified in potato extracts without additional clean-up or purification steps, with a limit of detection (90 % of the maximum signal) of 2.18 ± 2.08 μg kg
−1
, far below the maximum residue level (20 μg kg
−1
) established by the EC. The immunosensor presented here is suitable for
on
-
site
analysis. Combined with the use of magnetic racks, multiple samples can be run simultaneously in a reasonable time. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s00216-013-7209-2 |
| format | Article |
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PQ1
-
BSA
MP) that allow reduction of the potential interferences caused by the matrix components. The amperometric signal is provided by an enzymatic probe prepared by covalently linking an enzyme to the specific antibodies (Ab198-cc-HRP). The use of hydroquinone, as mediator, allows recording of the signal at a low potential, which also contributes to reducing the background noise potentially caused by the sample matrix. The immunocomplexes formed on top of the modified MP are easily captured by the m-GEC, which acts simultaneously as transducer. PQ can be detected at concentrations as low as 0.18 ± 0.09 μg L
−1
. Combined with an efficient extraction procedure, PQ residues can be directly detected and accurately quantified in potato extracts without additional clean-up or purification steps, with a limit of detection (90 % of the maximum signal) of 2.18 ± 2.08 μg kg
−1
, far below the maximum residue level (20 μg kg
−1
) established by the EC. The immunosensor presented here is suitable for
on
-
site
analysis. Combined with the use of magnetic racks, multiple samples can be run simultaneously in a reasonable time.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1618-2642</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1618-2650</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-7209-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 23887278</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Agricultural production ; Analytical Chemistry ; Background noise ; Biochemistry ; Biosensors ; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials ; Chemical detectors ; Chemistry ; Chemistry and Materials Science ; Chromatography ; Crops ; Design and construction ; Electrochemical analysis ; Electrochemistry ; Electrodes ; Engineering design ; Enzymes ; Equipment and supplies ; Food ; Food products ; Food Safety - methods ; Food Science ; Herbicides ; Humans ; Immunosensors ; Laboratory Medicine ; Magnetics ; Methods ; Monitoring/Environmental Analysis ; Paraquat ; Paraquat - analysis ; Pesticide Residues - analysis ; Pesticides ; Potatoes ; Rapid Detection in Food and Feed ; Recording ; Research Paper ; Residues ; Solanum tuberosum - chemistry ; Testing ; Toxicity ; Transducers</subject><ispartof>Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2013-09, Vol.405 (24), p.7841-7849</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2013 Springer</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-3d5c56b720eda0463ee97fc674e18d5818af15e9a73a8c75c5772830bd53154e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-3d5c56b720eda0463ee97fc674e18d5818af15e9a73a8c75c5772830bd53154e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00216-013-7209-2$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00216-013-7209-2$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925,41488,42557,51319</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23887278$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Garcia-Febrero, Raul</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Valera, Enrique</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Muriano, Alejandro</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pividori, M.-Isabel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sanchez-Baeza, Francisco</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Marco, M.-Pilar</creatorcontrib><title>An electrochemical magneto immunosensor (EMIS) for the determination of paraquat residues in potato samples</title><title>Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry</title><addtitle>Anal Bioanal Chem</addtitle><addtitle>Anal Bioanal Chem</addtitle><description>An electrochemical magneto immunosensor for the detection of low concentrations of paraquat (PQ) in food samples has been developed and its performance evaluated in a complex sample such as potato extracts. The immunosensor presented uses immunoreagents specifically developed for the recognition of paraquat, a magnetic graphite–epoxy composite (m-GEC) electrode and biofunctionalized magnetic micro-particles (
PQ1
-
BSA
MP) that allow reduction of the potential interferences caused by the matrix components. The amperometric signal is provided by an enzymatic probe prepared by covalently linking an enzyme to the specific antibodies (Ab198-cc-HRP). The use of hydroquinone, as mediator, allows recording of the signal at a low potential, which also contributes to reducing the background noise potentially caused by the sample matrix. The immunocomplexes formed on top of the modified MP are easily captured by the m-GEC, which acts simultaneously as transducer. PQ can be detected at concentrations as low as 0.18 ± 0.09 μg L
−1
. Combined with an efficient extraction procedure, PQ residues can be directly detected and accurately quantified in potato extracts without additional clean-up or purification steps, with a limit of detection (90 % of the maximum signal) of 2.18 ± 2.08 μg kg
−1
, far below the maximum residue level (20 μg kg
−1
) established by the EC. The immunosensor presented here is suitable for
on
-
site
analysis. Combined with the use of magnetic racks, multiple samples can be run simultaneously in a reasonable time.</description><subject>Agricultural production</subject><subject>Analytical Chemistry</subject><subject>Background noise</subject><subject>Biochemistry</subject><subject>Biosensors</subject><subject>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</subject><subject>Chemical detectors</subject><subject>Chemistry</subject><subject>Chemistry and Materials Science</subject><subject>Chromatography</subject><subject>Crops</subject><subject>Design and construction</subject><subject>Electrochemical analysis</subject><subject>Electrochemistry</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>Engineering design</subject><subject>Enzymes</subject><subject>Equipment and supplies</subject><subject>Food</subject><subject>Food products</subject><subject>Food Safety - methods</subject><subject>Food Science</subject><subject>Herbicides</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immunosensors</subject><subject>Laboratory Medicine</subject><subject>Magnetics</subject><subject>Methods</subject><subject>Monitoring/Environmental Analysis</subject><subject>Paraquat</subject><subject>Paraquat - analysis</subject><subject>Pesticide Residues - analysis</subject><subject>Pesticides</subject><subject>Potatoes</subject><subject>Rapid Detection in Food and Feed</subject><subject>Recording</subject><subject>Research Paper</subject><subject>Residues</subject><subject>Solanum tuberosum - chemistry</subject><subject>Testing</subject><subject>Toxicity</subject><subject>Transducers</subject><issn>1618-2642</issn><issn>1618-2650</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2013</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkk1vFSEUhomxsR_6A9wYEjftYipfA8zypqnapI0LdU24zJlb6gxMgVn47-V2amNMjA0LTuA5L-ccXoTeUnJOCVEfMiGMyoZQ3ihGuoa9QEdUUt0w2ZKXT7Fgh-g45ztCaKupfIUOGddaMaWP0I9NwDCCKym6W5i8syOe7C5AidhP0xJihpBjwqeXN1dfz_BQw3ILuIcCafLBFh8DjgOebbL3iy04Qfb9Ahn7gOdYbBXKdppHyK_RwWDHDG8e9xP0_ePlt4vPzfWXT1cXm-vGCSFKw_vWtXJbO4LeEiE5QKcGJ5UAqvvagbYDbaGzilvtVIWVYpqTbd9y2grgJ-h01Z1TvK-VFDP57GAcbYC4ZEOlrNOjqmP_R4UUbUs1Ic9AOWUdr3Ot6Pu_0Lu4pFB7rm8rwoSsJVfqfKV2dgTjwxBLsq6ufv8PMcDg6_mGC86lEA-ydE1wKeacYDBz8pNNPw0lZm8IsxrCVEOYvSHMPufdYynLdoL-KeO3AyrAViDXq7CD9Eet_1T9BWeqvpY</recordid><startdate>20130901</startdate><enddate>20130901</enddate><creator>Garcia-Febrero, Raul</creator><creator>Valera, Enrique</creator><creator>Muriano, Alejandro</creator><creator>Pividori, M.-Isabel</creator><creator>Sanchez-Baeza, Francisco</creator><creator>Marco, M.-Pilar</creator><general>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7UA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20130901</creationdate><title>An electrochemical magneto immunosensor (EMIS) for the determination of paraquat residues in potato samples</title><author>Garcia-Febrero, Raul ; Valera, Enrique ; Muriano, Alejandro ; Pividori, M.-Isabel ; Sanchez-Baeza, Francisco ; Marco, M.-Pilar</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c444t-3d5c56b720eda0463ee97fc674e18d5818af15e9a73a8c75c5772830bd53154e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2013</creationdate><topic>Agricultural production</topic><topic>Analytical Chemistry</topic><topic>Background noise</topic><topic>Biochemistry</topic><topic>Biosensors</topic><topic>Characterization and Evaluation of Materials</topic><topic>Chemical detectors</topic><topic>Chemistry</topic><topic>Chemistry and Materials Science</topic><topic>Chromatography</topic><topic>Crops</topic><topic>Design and construction</topic><topic>Electrochemical analysis</topic><topic>Electrochemistry</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>Engineering design</topic><topic>Enzymes</topic><topic>Equipment and supplies</topic><topic>Food</topic><topic>Food products</topic><topic>Food Safety - 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The immunosensor presented uses immunoreagents specifically developed for the recognition of paraquat, a magnetic graphite–epoxy composite (m-GEC) electrode and biofunctionalized magnetic micro-particles (
PQ1
-
BSA
MP) that allow reduction of the potential interferences caused by the matrix components. The amperometric signal is provided by an enzymatic probe prepared by covalently linking an enzyme to the specific antibodies (Ab198-cc-HRP). The use of hydroquinone, as mediator, allows recording of the signal at a low potential, which also contributes to reducing the background noise potentially caused by the sample matrix. The immunocomplexes formed on top of the modified MP are easily captured by the m-GEC, which acts simultaneously as transducer. PQ can be detected at concentrations as low as 0.18 ± 0.09 μg L
−1
. Combined with an efficient extraction procedure, PQ residues can be directly detected and accurately quantified in potato extracts without additional clean-up or purification steps, with a limit of detection (90 % of the maximum signal) of 2.18 ± 2.08 μg kg
−1
, far below the maximum residue level (20 μg kg
−1
) established by the EC. The immunosensor presented here is suitable for
on
-
site
analysis. Combined with the use of magnetic racks, multiple samples can be run simultaneously in a reasonable time.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>23887278</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00216-013-7209-2</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1618-2642 |
| ispartof | Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 2013-09, Vol.405 (24), p.7841-7849 |
| issn | 1618-2642 1618-2650 |
| language | eng |
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| source | MEDLINE; SpringerNature Journals |
| subjects | Agricultural production Analytical Chemistry Background noise Biochemistry Biosensors Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemical detectors Chemistry Chemistry and Materials Science Chromatography Crops Design and construction Electrochemical analysis Electrochemistry Electrodes Engineering design Enzymes Equipment and supplies Food Food products Food Safety - methods Food Science Herbicides Humans Immunosensors Laboratory Medicine Magnetics Methods Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Paraquat Paraquat - analysis Pesticide Residues - analysis Pesticides Potatoes Rapid Detection in Food and Feed Recording Research Paper Residues Solanum tuberosum - chemistry Testing Toxicity Transducers |
| title | An electrochemical magneto immunosensor (EMIS) for the determination of paraquat residues in potato samples |
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