High iron accumulation in hair and nail of people living in iron affected areas of Assam, India
Human populace of Assam, India repeatedly exposed to high concentration of iron in groundwater results in adverse health effects like hemochromatosis, liver cirrhosis and siderosis. In the present study, human hair and nail analysis were carried out to establish a possible relationship between iron...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 2014-12, Vol.110, p.216-220 |
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| creator | Chaturvedi, Richa Banerjee, Saumen Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh Bhattacharjee, Chira R. Raul, Prasanta Borah, Kusum |
| description | Human populace of Assam, India repeatedly exposed to high concentration of iron in groundwater results in adverse health effects like hemochromatosis, liver cirrhosis and siderosis. In the present study, human hair and nail analysis were carried out to establish a possible relationship between iron toxicity and its deposition among the residents. Nail and hair iron concentrations ranged from 28.2 to 1046μgg−1 (n=114) and 26.5–838 (n=108)μgg−1 levels, respectively, among all the study participants. The iron content of the groundwater (421–5340μgL−1) (n=64) used for drinking purposes was positively correlated with both nail (r=0.788, p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.08.028 |
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•Iron plays a significant role in the oxygen transport, electron transport and storage.•The iron deficiency may cause anemia and its excess accumulates in the vital organs.•In Northeast Indian states, ground water is highly ferruginous.•A possible relationship was established between iron toxicity and its deposition among the residents.•We observed a high iron content in hair and nail of people living in Northeast India.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 0147-6513</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1090-2414</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.08.028</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25261608</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Netherlands: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>Adolescent ; Adult ; Atomic absorption spectroscopy ; Drinking water ; Drinking Water - analysis ; Environmental Exposure - analysis ; Female ; Groundwater ; Groundwater - analysis ; Hair ; Hair - chemistry ; Hair - metabolism ; Human ; Humans ; India - epidemiology ; Iron ; Iron - analysis ; Iron - pharmacokinetics ; Iron - toxicity ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nails ; Nails - chemistry ; Nails - metabolism ; Samples ; Statistical methods ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis ; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity ; Water Supply - analysis ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Ecotoxicology and environmental safety, 2014-12, Vol.110, p.216-220</ispartof><rights>2014 Elsevier Inc.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-1c8d9ec54156cb9ad1559b939339002c14c5d41a7efee1434d15e99436075a9a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-1c8d9ec54156cb9ad1559b939339002c14c5d41a7efee1434d15e99436075a9a3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651314004060$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,3537,27901,27902,65306</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25261608$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Chaturvedi, Richa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banerjee, Saumen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhattacharjee, Chira R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raul, Prasanta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borah, Kusum</creatorcontrib><title>High iron accumulation in hair and nail of people living in iron affected areas of Assam, India</title><title>Ecotoxicology and environmental safety</title><addtitle>Ecotoxicol Environ Saf</addtitle><description><![CDATA[Human populace of Assam, India repeatedly exposed to high concentration of iron in groundwater results in adverse health effects like hemochromatosis, liver cirrhosis and siderosis. In the present study, human hair and nail analysis were carried out to establish a possible relationship between iron toxicity and its deposition among the residents. Nail and hair iron concentrations ranged from 28.2 to 1046μgg−1 (n=114) and 26.5–838 (n=108)μgg−1 levels, respectively, among all the study participants. The iron content of the groundwater (421–5340μgL−1) (n=64) used for drinking purposes was positively correlated with both nail (r=0.788, p<0.0001) and hair (r=0.709, p<0.0001) iron concentrations. Age- and sex-matched controls corresponding to each group were selected from population residing in other parts of the country where groundwater does not have excess iron. All the study groups included population drinking iron-contaminated water above the WHO/BIS limit (>300µgL−1) for 5 years (Group 1), for more than 5–10 years (Group 2) and for more than 10 years (Group 3). Results suggested that the participants consuming groundwater exceeding the WHO limit of iron had significantly more iron accumulation than those using groundwater containing ≤300μgL−1 iron (p<0.01). There was statistically higher concentration of iron in the nail samples than the hair samples in all the study groups (p<0.01). There was a positive correlation in iron concentration and the residence time of the participants (p<0.01). Iron levels in the male participants were significantly higher than the female participants in the present study (p<0.01). The current findings are sufficiently compelling to warrant more extensive study of iron exposure through drinking water and adverse effects to the human in the areas where iron concentration is high.
•Iron plays a significant role in the oxygen transport, electron transport and storage.•The iron deficiency may cause anemia and its excess accumulates in the vital organs.•In Northeast Indian states, ground water is highly ferruginous.•A possible relationship was established between iron toxicity and its deposition among the residents.•We observed a high iron content in hair and nail of people living in Northeast India.]]></description><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Atomic absorption spectroscopy</subject><subject>Drinking water</subject><subject>Drinking Water - analysis</subject><subject>Environmental Exposure - analysis</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Groundwater - analysis</subject><subject>Hair</subject><subject>Hair - chemistry</subject><subject>Hair - metabolism</subject><subject>Human</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>India - epidemiology</subject><subject>Iron</subject><subject>Iron - analysis</subject><subject>Iron - pharmacokinetics</subject><subject>Iron - toxicity</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Nails</subject><subject>Nails - chemistry</subject><subject>Nails - metabolism</subject><subject>Samples</subject><subject>Statistical methods</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</subject><subject>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</subject><subject>Water Supply - analysis</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0147-6513</issn><issn>1090-2414</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkUtrHDEQhEVIiNd2_kEIOubgmXSPHjO6BIyJY4Mhl_gstFKPrWUeG2lnwf8-WsbJMeTUNP1VF1Qx9hGhRkD9ZVeTn2k61g2grKGroenesA2CgaqRKN-yTTm0lVYozth5zjsAEKDUe3bWqEajhm7D7F18euYxzRN33i_jMrhDLEuc-LOLibsp8MnFgc8939O8H4gP8RinpxOxyvqe_IECd4lcPnHXObvxit9PIbpL9q53Q6YPr_OCPd5--3lzVz38-H5_c_1QeWnkoULfBUNeSVTab40LqJTZGmGEMACNR-lVkOha6olQClkAMkYKDa1yxokL9nn9u0_zr4XywY4xexoGN9G8ZItaAygNyvwHKlvAFoUoqFxRn-acE_V2n-Lo0otFsKcW7M6uLdhTCxY6W1oosk-vDst2pPBX9Cf2AnxdASqRHCMlm32kyVOIqYRpwxz_7fAb1GCYgw</recordid><startdate>20141201</startdate><enddate>20141201</enddate><creator>Chaturvedi, Richa</creator><creator>Banerjee, Saumen</creator><creator>Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh</creator><creator>Bhattacharjee, Chira R.</creator><creator>Raul, Prasanta</creator><creator>Borah, Kusum</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T2</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141201</creationdate><title>High iron accumulation in hair and nail of people living in iron affected areas of Assam, India</title><author>Chaturvedi, Richa ; Banerjee, Saumen ; Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh ; Bhattacharjee, Chira R. ; Raul, Prasanta ; Borah, Kusum</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c494t-1c8d9ec54156cb9ad1559b939339002c14c5d41a7efee1434d15e99436075a9a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adolescent</topic><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Atomic absorption spectroscopy</topic><topic>Drinking water</topic><topic>Drinking Water - analysis</topic><topic>Environmental Exposure - analysis</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Groundwater - analysis</topic><topic>Hair</topic><topic>Hair - chemistry</topic><topic>Hair - metabolism</topic><topic>Human</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>India - epidemiology</topic><topic>Iron</topic><topic>Iron - analysis</topic><topic>Iron - pharmacokinetics</topic><topic>Iron - toxicity</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Nails</topic><topic>Nails - chemistry</topic><topic>Nails - metabolism</topic><topic>Samples</topic><topic>Statistical methods</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis</topic><topic>Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity</topic><topic>Water Supply - analysis</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Chaturvedi, Richa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Banerjee, Saumen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bhattacharjee, Chira R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Raul, Prasanta</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Borah, Kusum</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Health and Safety Science Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Pollution Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Ecotoxicology and environmental safety</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Chaturvedi, Richa</au><au>Banerjee, Saumen</au><au>Chattopadhyay, Pronobesh</au><au>Bhattacharjee, Chira R.</au><au>Raul, Prasanta</au><au>Borah, Kusum</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>High iron accumulation in hair and nail of people living in iron affected areas of Assam, India</atitle><jtitle>Ecotoxicology and environmental safety</jtitle><addtitle>Ecotoxicol Environ Saf</addtitle><date>2014-12-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>110</volume><spage>216</spage><epage>220</epage><pages>216-220</pages><issn>0147-6513</issn><eissn>1090-2414</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[Human populace of Assam, India repeatedly exposed to high concentration of iron in groundwater results in adverse health effects like hemochromatosis, liver cirrhosis and siderosis. In the present study, human hair and nail analysis were carried out to establish a possible relationship between iron toxicity and its deposition among the residents. Nail and hair iron concentrations ranged from 28.2 to 1046μgg−1 (n=114) and 26.5–838 (n=108)μgg−1 levels, respectively, among all the study participants. The iron content of the groundwater (421–5340μgL−1) (n=64) used for drinking purposes was positively correlated with both nail (r=0.788, p<0.0001) and hair (r=0.709, p<0.0001) iron concentrations. Age- and sex-matched controls corresponding to each group were selected from population residing in other parts of the country where groundwater does not have excess iron. All the study groups included population drinking iron-contaminated water above the WHO/BIS limit (>300µgL−1) for 5 years (Group 1), for more than 5–10 years (Group 2) and for more than 10 years (Group 3). Results suggested that the participants consuming groundwater exceeding the WHO limit of iron had significantly more iron accumulation than those using groundwater containing ≤300μgL−1 iron (p<0.01). There was statistically higher concentration of iron in the nail samples than the hair samples in all the study groups (p<0.01). There was a positive correlation in iron concentration and the residence time of the participants (p<0.01). Iron levels in the male participants were significantly higher than the female participants in the present study (p<0.01). The current findings are sufficiently compelling to warrant more extensive study of iron exposure through drinking water and adverse effects to the human in the areas where iron concentration is high.
•Iron plays a significant role in the oxygen transport, electron transport and storage.•The iron deficiency may cause anemia and its excess accumulates in the vital organs.•In Northeast Indian states, ground water is highly ferruginous.•A possible relationship was established between iron toxicity and its deposition among the residents.•We observed a high iron content in hair and nail of people living in Northeast India.]]></abstract><cop>Netherlands</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>25261608</pmid><doi>10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.08.028</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Adolescent Adult Atomic absorption spectroscopy Drinking water Drinking Water - analysis Environmental Exposure - analysis Female Groundwater Groundwater - analysis Hair Hair - chemistry Hair - metabolism Human Humans India - epidemiology Iron Iron - analysis Iron - pharmacokinetics Iron - toxicity Male Middle Aged Nails Nails - chemistry Nails - metabolism Samples Statistical methods Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity Water Supply - analysis Young Adult |
| title | High iron accumulation in hair and nail of people living in iron affected areas of Assam, India |
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