Eliminating radiotherapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal and high level II lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is safe and improves quality of life

BACKGROUND Radiation treatment volumes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are controversial. The authors report the outcomes, patterns of failure, and quality of life (QOL) of patients who received treatment for HNSCC using intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) that eliminated t...

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Veröffentlicht in:Cancer 2014-12, Vol.120 (24), p.3994-4002
Hauptverfasser: Spencer, Christopher R., Gay, Hiram A., Haughey, Bruce H., Nussenbaum, Brian, Adkins, Douglas R., Wildes, Tanya M., DeWees, Todd A., Lewis, James S., Thorstad, Wade L.
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container_end_page 4002
container_issue 24
container_start_page 3994
container_title Cancer
container_volume 120
creator Spencer, Christopher R.
Gay, Hiram A.
Haughey, Bruce H.
Nussenbaum, Brian
Adkins, Douglas R.
Wildes, Tanya M.
DeWees, Todd A.
Lewis, James S.
Thorstad, Wade L.
description BACKGROUND Radiation treatment volumes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are controversial. The authors report the outcomes, patterns of failure, and quality of life (QOL) of patients who received treatment for HNSCC using intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) that eliminated the treatment of contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) in the clinically uninvolved neck. METHODS A prospective institutional database was used to identify patients who had primary oral cavity, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, and unknown primary HNSCC for which they received IMRT. There were 3 temporal groups (generations 1‐3). Generation 1 received comprehensive neck IMRT with parotid sparing, generation 2 eliminated the contralateral high level II (HLII) lymph nodes, and generation 3 further eliminated the contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved neck. Patterns of failure and survival analyses were completed, and QOL data measured using the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory were compared in a subset of patients from generations 1 and 3. RESULTS In total, 748 patients were identified. Of the 488 patients who received treatment in generation 2 or 3, 406 had a clinically uninvolved contralateral neck. There were no failures in the spared RPLNs (95% confidence interval, 0%‐1.3%) or in the high contralateral neck (95% confidence interval, 0%‐0.7%). QOL data were compared between 44 patients in generation 1 and 51 patients in generation 3. QOL improved both globally and in all domains assessed for generation 3, in which reduced radiotherapy volumes were used (P 
doi_str_mv 10.1002/cncr.28938
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The authors report the outcomes, patterns of failure, and quality of life (QOL) of patients who received treatment for HNSCC using intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) that eliminated the treatment of contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) in the clinically uninvolved neck. METHODS A prospective institutional database was used to identify patients who had primary oral cavity, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, and unknown primary HNSCC for which they received IMRT. There were 3 temporal groups (generations 1‐3). Generation 1 received comprehensive neck IMRT with parotid sparing, generation 2 eliminated the contralateral high level II (HLII) lymph nodes, and generation 3 further eliminated the contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved neck. Patterns of failure and survival analyses were completed, and QOL data measured using the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory were compared in a subset of patients from generations 1 and 3. RESULTS In total, 748 patients were identified. Of the 488 patients who received treatment in generation 2 or 3, 406 had a clinically uninvolved contralateral neck. There were no failures in the spared RPLNs (95% confidence interval, 0%‐1.3%) or in the high contralateral neck (95% confidence interval, 0%‐0.7%). QOL data were compared between 44 patients in generation 1 and 51 patients in generation 3. QOL improved both globally and in all domains assessed for generation 3, in which reduced radiotherapy volumes were used (P &lt; .007). CONCLUSIONS For patients with locally advanced HNSCC, eliminating coverage to the contralateral HLII lymph nodes and contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved side of the neck is associated with minimal risk of failure in these regions and significantly improved patient‐reported QOL. Cancer 2014;120:3994–4002. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. Eliminating radiation therapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes and contralateral high level II lymph nodes in the clinically uninvolved neck does not increase the risk of recurrence in these areas. Limiting radiation treatment volume, as such, translates into improved patient‐reported quality of life.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0008-543X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-0142</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28938</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25143048</identifier><identifier>CODEN: CANCAR</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biological and medical sciences ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - radiotherapy ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms - mortality ; Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology ; Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy ; head and neck squamous cell carcinoma ; Humans ; intensity‐modulated radiotherapy ; Lymph Nodes - pathology ; Lymph Nodes - radiation effects ; Lymphatic Irradiation - adverse effects ; Lymphatic Irradiation - statistics &amp; numerical data ; Male ; Medical sciences ; Middle Aged ; Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects) ; Neck ; Otorhinolaryngology (head neck, general aspects and miscellaneous) ; Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology ; patterns of failure ; Pharynx ; Quality of Life ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted - methods ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - adverse effects ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; treatment volumes ; Tumor Burden ; Tumors ; Withholding Treatment ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>Cancer, 2014-12, Vol.120 (24), p.3994-4002</ispartof><rights>2014 The Authors. 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The authors report the outcomes, patterns of failure, and quality of life (QOL) of patients who received treatment for HNSCC using intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) that eliminated the treatment of contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) in the clinically uninvolved neck. METHODS A prospective institutional database was used to identify patients who had primary oral cavity, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, and unknown primary HNSCC for which they received IMRT. There were 3 temporal groups (generations 1‐3). Generation 1 received comprehensive neck IMRT with parotid sparing, generation 2 eliminated the contralateral high level II (HLII) lymph nodes, and generation 3 further eliminated the contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved neck. Patterns of failure and survival analyses were completed, and QOL data measured using the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory were compared in a subset of patients from generations 1 and 3. RESULTS In total, 748 patients were identified. Of the 488 patients who received treatment in generation 2 or 3, 406 had a clinically uninvolved contralateral neck. There were no failures in the spared RPLNs (95% confidence interval, 0%‐1.3%) or in the high contralateral neck (95% confidence interval, 0%‐0.7%). QOL data were compared between 44 patients in generation 1 and 51 patients in generation 3. QOL improved both globally and in all domains assessed for generation 3, in which reduced radiotherapy volumes were used (P &lt; .007). CONCLUSIONS For patients with locally advanced HNSCC, eliminating coverage to the contralateral HLII lymph nodes and contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved side of the neck is associated with minimal risk of failure in these regions and significantly improved patient‐reported QOL. Cancer 2014;120:3994–4002. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. Eliminating radiation therapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes and contralateral high level II lymph nodes in the clinically uninvolved neck does not increase the risk of recurrence in these areas. Limiting radiation treatment volume, as such, translates into improved patient‐reported quality of life.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aged, 80 and over</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology</subject><subject>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - radiotherapy</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Head and Neck Neoplasms - mortality</subject><subject>Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology</subject><subject>Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy</subject><subject>head and neck squamous cell carcinoma</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>intensity‐modulated radiotherapy</subject><subject>Lymph Nodes - pathology</subject><subject>Lymph Nodes - radiation effects</subject><subject>Lymphatic Irradiation - adverse effects</subject><subject>Lymphatic Irradiation - statistics &amp; numerical data</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects)</subject><subject>Neck</subject><subject>Otorhinolaryngology (head neck, general aspects and miscellaneous)</subject><subject>Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology</subject><subject>patterns of failure</subject><subject>Pharynx</subject><subject>Quality of Life</subject><subject>Radiotherapy Dosage</subject><subject>Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted - methods</subject><subject>Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - adverse effects</subject><subject>Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - methods</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck</subject><subject>treatment volumes</subject><subject>Tumor Burden</subject><subject>Tumors</subject><subject>Withholding Treatment</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>0008-543X</issn><issn>1097-0142</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp9kc2KFDEUhYMoTs_oxgeQbAQRakwqla5kKc3oNAwKouCuuJ2frmgqqUmqR-qRfEtT3a3uXOXe3C_3HHIQekHJNSWkfquCSte1kEw8QitKZFsR2tSP0YoQIiresG8X6DLn76Vta86eooua04aRRqzQrxvvBhdgcmGPE2gXp94kGGc8RVxKrGKYEniYyq3HyUwpjj2kOexN6SFo3Lt9j715MB5vt9jPw9jjELXJ2AXcG9BHKhj1A-f7AwzxkLEy3mMFSbkQB8Au4wzWHEE3jCk-lNeF9W6acbTYO2ueoScWfDbPz-cV-vr-5svmtrr79GG7eXdXqUYKUVHgVjHZAkgNRJOWy3pHFTCuKddAmSDGkrUhutlJWAZMUcWh3TEqtBXsCr0-7S027g8mT93g8uIXginWO7rmzVoyWcuCvjmhKsWck7HdmNxQPqejpFui6ZZoumM0BX553nvYDUb_Rf9kUYBXZwCyAm8TBOXyP04SXguxqNIT99N5M_9Hstt83Hw-if8GNLWqTg</recordid><startdate>20141215</startdate><enddate>20141215</enddate><creator>Spencer, Christopher R.</creator><creator>Gay, Hiram A.</creator><creator>Haughey, Bruce H.</creator><creator>Nussenbaum, Brian</creator><creator>Adkins, Douglas R.</creator><creator>Wildes, Tanya M.</creator><creator>DeWees, Todd A.</creator><creator>Lewis, James S.</creator><creator>Thorstad, Wade L.</creator><general>Wiley-Blackwell</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7U1</scope><scope>7U2</scope><scope>C1K</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20141215</creationdate><title>Eliminating radiotherapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal and high level II lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is safe and improves quality of life</title><author>Spencer, Christopher R. ; Gay, Hiram A. ; Haughey, Bruce H. ; Nussenbaum, Brian ; Adkins, Douglas R. ; Wildes, Tanya M. ; DeWees, Todd A. ; Lewis, James S. ; Thorstad, Wade L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4988-1a5fc397aa9da0d07592b1ca35d15da1380ef06e0d4b9a1ca33c1c5a7b318df83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Aged</topic><topic>Aged, 80 and over</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology</topic><topic>Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - radiotherapy</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Head and Neck Neoplasms - mortality</topic><topic>Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology</topic><topic>Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy</topic><topic>head and neck squamous cell carcinoma</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>intensity‐modulated radiotherapy</topic><topic>Lymph Nodes - pathology</topic><topic>Lymph Nodes - radiation effects</topic><topic>Lymphatic Irradiation - adverse effects</topic><topic>Lymphatic Irradiation - statistics &amp; numerical data</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Middle Aged</topic><topic>Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects)</topic><topic>Neck</topic><topic>Otorhinolaryngology (head neck, general aspects and miscellaneous)</topic><topic>Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology</topic><topic>patterns of failure</topic><topic>Pharynx</topic><topic>Quality of Life</topic><topic>Radiotherapy Dosage</topic><topic>Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted - methods</topic><topic>Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - adverse effects</topic><topic>Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - methods</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck</topic><topic>treatment volumes</topic><topic>Tumor Burden</topic><topic>Tumors</topic><topic>Withholding Treatment</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Spencer, Christopher R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gay, Hiram A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Haughey, Bruce H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Nussenbaum, Brian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Adkins, Douglas R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wildes, Tanya M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>DeWees, Todd A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lewis, James S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Thorstad, Wade L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley-Blackwell Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Risk Abstracts</collection><collection>Safety Science and Risk</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><jtitle>Cancer</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Spencer, Christopher R.</au><au>Gay, Hiram A.</au><au>Haughey, Bruce H.</au><au>Nussenbaum, Brian</au><au>Adkins, Douglas R.</au><au>Wildes, Tanya M.</au><au>DeWees, Todd A.</au><au>Lewis, James S.</au><au>Thorstad, Wade L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Eliminating radiotherapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal and high level II lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is safe and improves quality of life</atitle><jtitle>Cancer</jtitle><addtitle>Cancer</addtitle><date>2014-12-15</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>120</volume><issue>24</issue><spage>3994</spage><epage>4002</epage><pages>3994-4002</pages><issn>0008-543X</issn><eissn>1097-0142</eissn><coden>CANCAR</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND Radiation treatment volumes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are controversial. The authors report the outcomes, patterns of failure, and quality of life (QOL) of patients who received treatment for HNSCC using intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) that eliminated the treatment of contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes (RPLNs) in the clinically uninvolved neck. METHODS A prospective institutional database was used to identify patients who had primary oral cavity, oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, and unknown primary HNSCC for which they received IMRT. There were 3 temporal groups (generations 1‐3). Generation 1 received comprehensive neck IMRT with parotid sparing, generation 2 eliminated the contralateral high level II (HLII) lymph nodes, and generation 3 further eliminated the contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved neck. Patterns of failure and survival analyses were completed, and QOL data measured using the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory were compared in a subset of patients from generations 1 and 3. RESULTS In total, 748 patients were identified. Of the 488 patients who received treatment in generation 2 or 3, 406 had a clinically uninvolved contralateral neck. There were no failures in the spared RPLNs (95% confidence interval, 0%‐1.3%) or in the high contralateral neck (95% confidence interval, 0%‐0.7%). QOL data were compared between 44 patients in generation 1 and 51 patients in generation 3. QOL improved both globally and in all domains assessed for generation 3, in which reduced radiotherapy volumes were used (P &lt; .007). CONCLUSIONS For patients with locally advanced HNSCC, eliminating coverage to the contralateral HLII lymph nodes and contralateral RPLNs in the clinically uninvolved side of the neck is associated with minimal risk of failure in these regions and significantly improved patient‐reported QOL. Cancer 2014;120:3994–4002. © 2014 The Authors. Cancer published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Cancer Society. Eliminating radiation therapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal lymph nodes and contralateral high level II lymph nodes in the clinically uninvolved neck does not increase the risk of recurrence in these areas. Limiting radiation treatment volume, as such, translates into improved patient‐reported quality of life.</abstract><cop>Hoboken, NJ</cop><pub>Wiley-Blackwell</pub><pmid>25143048</pmid><doi>10.1002/cncr.28938</doi><tpages>9</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Biological and medical sciences
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - mortality
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - pathology
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - radiotherapy
Female
Head and Neck Neoplasms - mortality
Head and Neck Neoplasms - pathology
Head and Neck Neoplasms - radiotherapy
head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Humans
intensity‐modulated radiotherapy
Lymph Nodes - pathology
Lymph Nodes - radiation effects
Lymphatic Irradiation - adverse effects
Lymphatic Irradiation - statistics & numerical data
Male
Medical sciences
Middle Aged
Multiple tumors. Solid tumors. Tumors in childhood (general aspects)
Neck
Otorhinolaryngology (head neck, general aspects and miscellaneous)
Otorhinolaryngology. Stomatology
patterns of failure
Pharynx
Quality of Life
Radiotherapy Dosage
Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted - methods
Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - adverse effects
Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated - methods
Retrospective Studies
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck
treatment volumes
Tumor Burden
Tumors
Withholding Treatment
Young Adult
title Eliminating radiotherapy to the contralateral retropharyngeal and high level II lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is safe and improves quality of life
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