Does increasing immunoglobulin levels impact survival in solid organ transplant recipients with hypogammaglobulinemia?

Background Severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG 

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical transplantation 2014-11, Vol.28 (11), p.1249-1255
Hauptverfasser: Florescu, Diana F., Kalil, Andre C., Qiu, Fang, Grant, Wendy, Morris, Michael C., Schmidt, Cynthia M., Florescu, Marius C., Poole, Jill A.
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container_end_page 1255
container_issue 11
container_start_page 1249
container_title Clinical transplantation
container_volume 28
creator Florescu, Diana F.
Kalil, Andre C.
Qiu, Fang
Grant, Wendy
Morris, Michael C.
Schmidt, Cynthia M.
Florescu, Marius C.
Poole, Jill A.
description Background Severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG 
doi_str_mv 10.1111/ctr.12458
format Article
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The aim of the study was to determine whether increasing IgG levels to ≥400 mg/dL improved outcomes. Methods Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to estimate survival, log‐rank test to compare survival distributions between groups, and Fisher's exact test to determine the association between hypogammaglobulinemia and rejection or graft loss. Results Thirty‐seven solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients were included. Hypogammaglobulinemia was diagnosed at median of 5.6 months (range: 0–291.8 months) post‐transplantation. Types of transplants: liver–small bowel (17); liver–small bowel–kidney (2); liver (5); small bowel (4); liver–kidney (1); kidney/kidney–pancreas (3); heart (3); heart–kidney (1); and heart–lung (1). The three‐yr survival after the diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia was 49.5% (95% CI: 32.2–64.6%). Patients were dichotomized based upon IgG level at last follow‐up: IgG ≥ 400 mg/dL (23 patients) and IgG &lt; 400 mg/dL (14 patients). There was no evidence of a difference in survival (p = 0.44), rejection rate (p = 0.44), and graft loss censored for death (p = 0.99) at one yr between these two groups. There was no difference in survival between patients receiving or not immunoglobulin (p = 0.99) or cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin (p = 0.14). Conclusion Severe hypogammaglobulinemia after SOT is associated with high mortality rates, but increasing IgG levels to ≥400 mg/dL did not seem to translate in better patient or graft survival in this cohort.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0902-0063</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1399-0012</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ctr.12458</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25203509</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Denmark: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Agammaglobulinemia - complications ; Agammaglobulinemia - mortality ; Agammaglobulinemia - therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytomegalovirus ; Female ; Graft Rejection - blood ; Graft Survival ; Humans ; hypogammaglobulinemia ; immunoglobulin ; Immunoglobulin G - blood ; Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Male ; mortality ; Organ Transplantation - mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; survival ; transplantation ; Treatment Outcome</subject><ispartof>Clinical transplantation, 2014-11, Vol.28 (11), p.1249-1255</ispartof><rights>2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3968-2d59f6b5dc1410ca6ca26ea822a576881123640edbaec6232f36aa01bf19a93c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3968-2d59f6b5dc1410ca6ca26ea822a576881123640edbaec6232f36aa01bf19a93c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fctr.12458$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fctr.12458$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27903,27904,45553,45554</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25203509$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Florescu, Diana F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalil, Andre C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qiu, Fang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grant, Wendy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morris, Michael C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Cynthia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Florescu, Marius C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poole, Jill A.</creatorcontrib><title>Does increasing immunoglobulin levels impact survival in solid organ transplant recipients with hypogammaglobulinemia?</title><title>Clinical transplantation</title><addtitle>Clin Transplant</addtitle><description>Background Severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG &lt; 400 mg/dL) has adverse impact on mortality during the first year post‐transplantation. The aim of the study was to determine whether increasing IgG levels to ≥400 mg/dL improved outcomes. Methods Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to estimate survival, log‐rank test to compare survival distributions between groups, and Fisher's exact test to determine the association between hypogammaglobulinemia and rejection or graft loss. Results Thirty‐seven solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients were included. Hypogammaglobulinemia was diagnosed at median of 5.6 months (range: 0–291.8 months) post‐transplantation. Types of transplants: liver–small bowel (17); liver–small bowel–kidney (2); liver (5); small bowel (4); liver–kidney (1); kidney/kidney–pancreas (3); heart (3); heart–kidney (1); and heart–lung (1). The three‐yr survival after the diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia was 49.5% (95% CI: 32.2–64.6%). Patients were dichotomized based upon IgG level at last follow‐up: IgG ≥ 400 mg/dL (23 patients) and IgG &lt; 400 mg/dL (14 patients). There was no evidence of a difference in survival (p = 0.44), rejection rate (p = 0.44), and graft loss censored for death (p = 0.99) at one yr between these two groups. There was no difference in survival between patients receiving or not immunoglobulin (p = 0.99) or cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin (p = 0.14). Conclusion Severe hypogammaglobulinemia after SOT is associated with high mortality rates, but increasing IgG levels to ≥400 mg/dL did not seem to translate in better patient or graft survival in this cohort.</description><subject>Agammaglobulinemia - complications</subject><subject>Agammaglobulinemia - mortality</subject><subject>Agammaglobulinemia - therapy</subject><subject>Child</subject><subject>Child, Preschool</subject><subject>Cytomegalovirus</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Graft Rejection - blood</subject><subject>Graft Survival</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>hypogammaglobulinemia</subject><subject>immunoglobulin</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - blood</subject><subject>Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use</subject><subject>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>mortality</subject><subject>Organ Transplantation - mortality</subject><subject>Retrospective Studies</subject><subject>survival</subject><subject>transplantation</subject><subject>Treatment Outcome</subject><issn>0902-0063</issn><issn>1399-0012</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkc1u1DAURi0EotPCghdAXsIirX8ST7JCaGAGpAoQKurSunFupgY7Tu1kyrx9DdPpDglvrnV1viPLHyGvODvn-VyYKZ5zUVb1E7LgsmkKxrh4ShasYSLflTwhpyn9zFvFVfWcnIhKMFmxZkF2HwImagcTEZIdttR6Pw9h60I7OztQhzt0GfAjmImmOe7sDlwO0BSc7WiIWxjoFGFIo4NhohGNHS0OU6J3drqhN_sxbMF7OCrRW3j3gjzrwSV8-TDPyI_1x6vVp-Ly6-bz6v1lYWSj6kJ0VdOrtuoMLzkzoAwIhVALAdVS1TXnQqqSYdcCGiWk6KUCYLzteQONNPKMvDl4xxhuZ0yT9jYZdPmpGOak83eU2SPL-j9QIZgqSy4z-vaAmhhSitjrMVoPca85038a0bkR_beRzL5-0M6tx-6RPFaQgYsDcGcd7v9t0qur70dlcUjYNOHvxwTEX1ot5bLS1182-tvqeq3KzVozeQ8FUabC</recordid><startdate>201411</startdate><enddate>201411</enddate><creator>Florescu, Diana F.</creator><creator>Kalil, Andre C.</creator><creator>Qiu, Fang</creator><creator>Grant, Wendy</creator><creator>Morris, Michael C.</creator><creator>Schmidt, Cynthia M.</creator><creator>Florescu, Marius C.</creator><creator>Poole, Jill A.</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>H94</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201411</creationdate><title>Does increasing immunoglobulin levels impact survival in solid organ transplant recipients with hypogammaglobulinemia?</title><author>Florescu, Diana F. ; Kalil, Andre C. ; Qiu, Fang ; Grant, Wendy ; Morris, Michael C. ; Schmidt, Cynthia M. ; Florescu, Marius C. ; Poole, Jill A.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3968-2d59f6b5dc1410ca6ca26ea822a576881123640edbaec6232f36aa01bf19a93c3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Agammaglobulinemia - complications</topic><topic>Agammaglobulinemia - mortality</topic><topic>Agammaglobulinemia - therapy</topic><topic>Child</topic><topic>Child, Preschool</topic><topic>Cytomegalovirus</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Graft Rejection - blood</topic><topic>Graft Survival</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>hypogammaglobulinemia</topic><topic>immunoglobulin</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - blood</topic><topic>Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use</topic><topic>Kaplan-Meier Estimate</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>mortality</topic><topic>Organ Transplantation - mortality</topic><topic>Retrospective Studies</topic><topic>survival</topic><topic>transplantation</topic><topic>Treatment Outcome</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Florescu, Diana F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kalil, Andre C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Qiu, Fang</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grant, Wendy</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Morris, Michael C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schmidt, Cynthia M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Florescu, Marius C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Poole, Jill A.</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><jtitle>Clinical transplantation</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Florescu, Diana F.</au><au>Kalil, Andre C.</au><au>Qiu, Fang</au><au>Grant, Wendy</au><au>Morris, Michael C.</au><au>Schmidt, Cynthia M.</au><au>Florescu, Marius C.</au><au>Poole, Jill A.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Does increasing immunoglobulin levels impact survival in solid organ transplant recipients with hypogammaglobulinemia?</atitle><jtitle>Clinical transplantation</jtitle><addtitle>Clin Transplant</addtitle><date>2014-11</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1249</spage><epage>1255</epage><pages>1249-1255</pages><issn>0902-0063</issn><eissn>1399-0012</eissn><abstract>Background Severe hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG &lt; 400 mg/dL) has adverse impact on mortality during the first year post‐transplantation. The aim of the study was to determine whether increasing IgG levels to ≥400 mg/dL improved outcomes. Methods Kaplan–Meier analyses were performed to estimate survival, log‐rank test to compare survival distributions between groups, and Fisher's exact test to determine the association between hypogammaglobulinemia and rejection or graft loss. Results Thirty‐seven solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients were included. Hypogammaglobulinemia was diagnosed at median of 5.6 months (range: 0–291.8 months) post‐transplantation. Types of transplants: liver–small bowel (17); liver–small bowel–kidney (2); liver (5); small bowel (4); liver–kidney (1); kidney/kidney–pancreas (3); heart (3); heart–kidney (1); and heart–lung (1). The three‐yr survival after the diagnosis of hypogammaglobulinemia was 49.5% (95% CI: 32.2–64.6%). Patients were dichotomized based upon IgG level at last follow‐up: IgG ≥ 400 mg/dL (23 patients) and IgG &lt; 400 mg/dL (14 patients). There was no evidence of a difference in survival (p = 0.44), rejection rate (p = 0.44), and graft loss censored for death (p = 0.99) at one yr between these two groups. There was no difference in survival between patients receiving or not immunoglobulin (p = 0.99) or cytomegalovirus hyperimmunoglobulin (p = 0.14). Conclusion Severe hypogammaglobulinemia after SOT is associated with high mortality rates, but increasing IgG levels to ≥400 mg/dL did not seem to translate in better patient or graft survival in this cohort.</abstract><cop>Denmark</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>25203509</pmid><doi>10.1111/ctr.12458</doi><tpages>7</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Agammaglobulinemia - complications
Agammaglobulinemia - mortality
Agammaglobulinemia - therapy
Child
Child, Preschool
Cytomegalovirus
Female
Graft Rejection - blood
Graft Survival
Humans
hypogammaglobulinemia
immunoglobulin
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunologic Factors - therapeutic use
Kaplan-Meier Estimate
Male
mortality
Organ Transplantation - mortality
Retrospective Studies
survival
transplantation
Treatment Outcome
title Does increasing immunoglobulin levels impact survival in solid organ transplant recipients with hypogammaglobulinemia?
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