Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes the mobility of engrafted NSCs in the rat brain
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is used in numerous clinical studies and considered an effective and versatile add‐on therapy in neurorehabilitation. To date, however, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive. In a rat model of tDCS, we recently observed a polarity‐dep...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | NMR in biomedicine 2015-02, Vol.28 (2), p.231-239 |
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| creator | Keuters, Meike Hedwig Aswendt, Markus Tennstaedt, Annette Wiedermann, Dirk Pikhovych, Anton Rotthues, Steffen Fink, Gereon Rudolf Schroeter, Michael Hoehn, Mathias Rueger, Maria Adele |
| description | Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is used in numerous clinical studies and considered an effective and versatile add‐on therapy in neurorehabilitation. To date, however, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive. In a rat model of tDCS, we recently observed a polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the stimulated cortex. Based upon these findings, we hypothesized that tDCS may exert a direct migratory effect on endogenous NSCs towards the stimulated cortex. Using noninvasive imaging, we here investigated whether tDCS may also cause a directed migration of engrafted NSCs.
Murine NSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (SPIOs) and implanted into rat striatum and corpus callosum. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity. Sham‐stimulated rats served as control. Imaging results were validated ex vivo using immunohistochemistry.
Overall migratory activity of NSCs almost doubled after anodal tDCS. However, no directed migration within the electric field (i.e. towards or away from the electrode) could be observed. Rather, an undirected outward migration from the center of the graft was detected. Xenograft transplantation induced a neuroinflammatory response that was significantly enhanced following cathodal tDCS. This inflammatory response did not impact negatively on the survival of implanted NSCs.
Data suggest that anodal tDCS increases the undirected migratory activity of implanted NSCs. Since the electric field did not guide implanted NSCs over large distances, previously observed polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous NSCs in the cortex might have originated from local proliferation. Results enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying tDCS, and may thereby help to develop a targeted and sustainable application of tDCS in clinical practice. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the migration of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vivo was assessed with MRI. NSCs were labelled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide and implanted into the rat brain. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity, compared with sham stimulation. Anodal tDCS led to an almost twofold increase in the migratory activity of engrafted NSCs. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/nbm.3244 |
| format | Article |
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Murine NSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (SPIOs) and implanted into rat striatum and corpus callosum. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity. Sham‐stimulated rats served as control. Imaging results were validated ex vivo using immunohistochemistry.
Overall migratory activity of NSCs almost doubled after anodal tDCS. However, no directed migration within the electric field (i.e. towards or away from the electrode) could be observed. Rather, an undirected outward migration from the center of the graft was detected. Xenograft transplantation induced a neuroinflammatory response that was significantly enhanced following cathodal tDCS. This inflammatory response did not impact negatively on the survival of implanted NSCs.
Data suggest that anodal tDCS increases the undirected migratory activity of implanted NSCs. Since the electric field did not guide implanted NSCs over large distances, previously observed polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous NSCs in the cortex might have originated from local proliferation. Results enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying tDCS, and may thereby help to develop a targeted and sustainable application of tDCS in clinical practice. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the migration of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vivo was assessed with MRI. NSCs were labelled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide and implanted into the rat brain. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity, compared with sham stimulation. Anodal tDCS led to an almost twofold increase in the migratory activity of engrafted NSCs.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0952-3480</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1099-1492</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/nbm.3244</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25521600</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Astrocytes - drug effects ; Astrocytes - metabolism ; Brain - metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement - drug effects ; Cell Survival - drug effects ; Electrodes ; galvanotaxis ; Immunity - drug effects ; Immunohistochemistry ; Iron - pharmacology ; Macrophages - cytology ; Macrophages - drug effects ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Mice ; microglia ; Microglia - drug effects ; Microglia - metabolism ; migration ; MRI ; Neural Stem Cells - cytology ; Neural Stem Cells - drug effects ; Neural Stem Cells - transplantation ; neuroinflammation ; phagocytes ; Phagocytosis - drug effects ; Rats, Wistar ; Spio ; superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide ; Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation</subject><ispartof>NMR in biomedicine, 2015-02, Vol.28 (2), p.231-239</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5564-341899d9d0c6e30c91e2602322ae39489e7127d9f49b5e84383313c6b23102ea3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5564-341899d9d0c6e30c91e2602322ae39489e7127d9f49b5e84383313c6b23102ea3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fnbm.3244$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fnbm.3244$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1416,27923,27924,45573,45574</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25521600$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Keuters, Meike Hedwig</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aswendt, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tennstaedt, Annette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wiedermann, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pikhovych, Anton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rotthues, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fink, Gereon Rudolf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schroeter, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoehn, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rueger, Maria Adele</creatorcontrib><title>Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes the mobility of engrafted NSCs in the rat brain</title><title>NMR in biomedicine</title><addtitle>NMR Biomed</addtitle><description>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is used in numerous clinical studies and considered an effective and versatile add‐on therapy in neurorehabilitation. To date, however, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive. In a rat model of tDCS, we recently observed a polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the stimulated cortex. Based upon these findings, we hypothesized that tDCS may exert a direct migratory effect on endogenous NSCs towards the stimulated cortex. Using noninvasive imaging, we here investigated whether tDCS may also cause a directed migration of engrafted NSCs.
Murine NSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (SPIOs) and implanted into rat striatum and corpus callosum. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity. Sham‐stimulated rats served as control. Imaging results were validated ex vivo using immunohistochemistry.
Overall migratory activity of NSCs almost doubled after anodal tDCS. However, no directed migration within the electric field (i.e. towards or away from the electrode) could be observed. Rather, an undirected outward migration from the center of the graft was detected. Xenograft transplantation induced a neuroinflammatory response that was significantly enhanced following cathodal tDCS. This inflammatory response did not impact negatively on the survival of implanted NSCs.
Data suggest that anodal tDCS increases the undirected migratory activity of implanted NSCs. Since the electric field did not guide implanted NSCs over large distances, previously observed polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous NSCs in the cortex might have originated from local proliferation. Results enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying tDCS, and may thereby help to develop a targeted and sustainable application of tDCS in clinical practice. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the migration of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vivo was assessed with MRI. NSCs were labelled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide and implanted into the rat brain. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity, compared with sham stimulation. Anodal tDCS led to an almost twofold increase in the migratory activity of engrafted NSCs.</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Astrocytes - drug effects</subject><subject>Astrocytes - metabolism</subject><subject>Brain - metabolism</subject><subject>Cell Line</subject><subject>Cell Movement - drug effects</subject><subject>Cell Survival - drug effects</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>galvanotaxis</subject><subject>Immunity - drug effects</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Iron - pharmacology</subject><subject>Macrophages - cytology</subject><subject>Macrophages - drug effects</subject><subject>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Mice</subject><subject>microglia</subject><subject>Microglia - drug effects</subject><subject>Microglia - metabolism</subject><subject>migration</subject><subject>MRI</subject><subject>Neural Stem Cells - cytology</subject><subject>Neural Stem Cells - drug effects</subject><subject>Neural Stem Cells - transplantation</subject><subject>neuroinflammation</subject><subject>phagocytes</subject><subject>Phagocytosis - drug effects</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Spio</subject><subject>superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide</subject><subject>Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation</subject><issn>0952-3480</issn><issn>1099-1492</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqN0U1v1DAQBmALgei2IPELkCUuXFLGX3F8hBUsSGU5UOjROM4EXPLR2o7o_nu8dCkSEhKXmcujVzN6CXnC4JQB8BdTO54KLuU9smJgTMWk4ffJCozilZANHJHjlC4BoJGCPyRHXCnOaoAV-XIe3ZR8GcENtAsRfaZ-iRGnTFMO4zK4HOaJXsV5nDMmmr8hHec2DCHv6NxTnL5G12fs6PbjOtEw_RLRZdpGF6ZH5EHvhoSPD_uEfHrz-nz9tjr7sHm3fnlWeaVqWa5kjTGd6cDXKMAbhrwGLjh3KIxsDGrGdWd6aVqF5Y1GCCZ83XLBgKMTJ-T5bW459HrBlO0YksdhcBPOS7KsVrJuWCP5_1AutAG2p8_-opfzEqfySFFSSa61bP4E-jinFLG3VzGMLu4sA7svyJaC7L6gQp8eApd2xO4O_m6kgOoW_AgD7v4ZZLev3h8CDz6kjDd33sXvttZCK3ux3Vh98XmrFd9YED8BYyqmKg</recordid><startdate>201502</startdate><enddate>201502</enddate><creator>Keuters, Meike Hedwig</creator><creator>Aswendt, Markus</creator><creator>Tennstaedt, Annette</creator><creator>Wiedermann, Dirk</creator><creator>Pikhovych, Anton</creator><creator>Rotthues, Steffen</creator><creator>Fink, Gereon Rudolf</creator><creator>Schroeter, Michael</creator><creator>Hoehn, Mathias</creator><creator>Rueger, Maria Adele</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201502</creationdate><title>Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes the mobility of engrafted NSCs in the rat brain</title><author>Keuters, Meike Hedwig ; Aswendt, Markus ; Tennstaedt, Annette ; Wiedermann, Dirk ; Pikhovych, Anton ; Rotthues, Steffen ; Fink, Gereon Rudolf ; Schroeter, Michael ; Hoehn, Mathias ; Rueger, Maria Adele</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5564-341899d9d0c6e30c91e2602322ae39489e7127d9f49b5e84383313c6b23102ea3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Astrocytes - drug effects</topic><topic>Astrocytes - metabolism</topic><topic>Brain - metabolism</topic><topic>Cell Line</topic><topic>Cell Movement - drug effects</topic><topic>Cell Survival - drug effects</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>galvanotaxis</topic><topic>Immunity - drug effects</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Iron - pharmacology</topic><topic>Macrophages - cytology</topic><topic>Macrophages - drug effects</topic><topic>Magnetic Resonance Imaging</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Mice</topic><topic>microglia</topic><topic>Microglia - drug effects</topic><topic>Microglia - metabolism</topic><topic>migration</topic><topic>MRI</topic><topic>Neural Stem Cells - cytology</topic><topic>Neural Stem Cells - drug effects</topic><topic>Neural Stem Cells - transplantation</topic><topic>neuroinflammation</topic><topic>phagocytes</topic><topic>Phagocytosis - drug effects</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Spio</topic><topic>superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide</topic><topic>Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Keuters, Meike Hedwig</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Aswendt, Markus</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tennstaedt, Annette</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wiedermann, Dirk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pikhovych, Anton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rotthues, Steffen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fink, Gereon Rudolf</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schroeter, Michael</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hoehn, Mathias</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Rueger, Maria Adele</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>NMR in biomedicine</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Keuters, Meike Hedwig</au><au>Aswendt, Markus</au><au>Tennstaedt, Annette</au><au>Wiedermann, Dirk</au><au>Pikhovych, Anton</au><au>Rotthues, Steffen</au><au>Fink, Gereon Rudolf</au><au>Schroeter, Michael</au><au>Hoehn, Mathias</au><au>Rueger, Maria Adele</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes the mobility of engrafted NSCs in the rat brain</atitle><jtitle>NMR in biomedicine</jtitle><addtitle>NMR Biomed</addtitle><date>2015-02</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>28</volume><issue>2</issue><spage>231</spage><epage>239</epage><pages>231-239</pages><issn>0952-3480</issn><eissn>1099-1492</eissn><abstract>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is used in numerous clinical studies and considered an effective and versatile add‐on therapy in neurorehabilitation. To date, however, the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain elusive. In a rat model of tDCS, we recently observed a polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) in the stimulated cortex. Based upon these findings, we hypothesized that tDCS may exert a direct migratory effect on endogenous NSCs towards the stimulated cortex. Using noninvasive imaging, we here investigated whether tDCS may also cause a directed migration of engrafted NSCs.
Murine NSCs were labeled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide (SPIOs) and implanted into rat striatum and corpus callosum. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity. Sham‐stimulated rats served as control. Imaging results were validated ex vivo using immunohistochemistry.
Overall migratory activity of NSCs almost doubled after anodal tDCS. However, no directed migration within the electric field (i.e. towards or away from the electrode) could be observed. Rather, an undirected outward migration from the center of the graft was detected. Xenograft transplantation induced a neuroinflammatory response that was significantly enhanced following cathodal tDCS. This inflammatory response did not impact negatively on the survival of implanted NSCs.
Data suggest that anodal tDCS increases the undirected migratory activity of implanted NSCs. Since the electric field did not guide implanted NSCs over large distances, previously observed polarity‐dependent accumulation of endogenous NSCs in the cortex might have originated from local proliferation. Results enhance our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying tDCS, and may thereby help to develop a targeted and sustainable application of tDCS in clinical practice. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the migration of neural stem cells (NSCs) in vivo was assessed with MRI. NSCs were labelled with superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide and implanted into the rat brain. MRI was performed (i) immediately after implantation and (ii) after 10 tDCS sessions of anodal or cathodal polarity, compared with sham stimulation. Anodal tDCS led to an almost twofold increase in the migratory activity of engrafted NSCs.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>25521600</pmid><doi>10.1002/nbm.3244</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Animals Astrocytes - drug effects Astrocytes - metabolism Brain - metabolism Cell Line Cell Movement - drug effects Cell Survival - drug effects Electrodes galvanotaxis Immunity - drug effects Immunohistochemistry Iron - pharmacology Macrophages - cytology Macrophages - drug effects Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Mice microglia Microglia - drug effects Microglia - metabolism migration MRI Neural Stem Cells - cytology Neural Stem Cells - drug effects Neural Stem Cells - transplantation neuroinflammation phagocytes Phagocytosis - drug effects Rats, Wistar Spio superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation |
| title | Transcranial direct current stimulation promotes the mobility of engrafted NSCs in the rat brain |
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