Mortality among capacitor workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a long-term update

Purpose Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous in the environment. Concerns have been raised about cancer and other disease risks. This follow-up mortality study of PCB workers addresses some of these concerns. Methods Mortality among 7,061 PCB capacitor workers was updated through 2008 (28...

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Veröffentlicht in:International archives of occupational and environmental health 2015-01, Vol.88 (1), p.85-101
Hauptverfasser: Kimbrough, Renate D., Krouskas, Constantine A., Xu, Wenjing, Shields, Peter G.
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container_issue 1
container_start_page 85
container_title International archives of occupational and environmental health
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creator Kimbrough, Renate D.
Krouskas, Constantine A.
Xu, Wenjing
Shields, Peter G.
description Purpose Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous in the environment. Concerns have been raised about cancer and other disease risks. This follow-up mortality study of PCB workers addresses some of these concerns. Methods Mortality among 7,061 PCB capacitor workers was updated through 2008 (287,712 person-years; mean follow-up 41 years). Adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for USA and New York State referent rates. Standardized rate ratios (SRRs) were calculated based on employment duration and latency. Results Standardized mortality ratios for all causes of death were statistically significantly lower in the total cohort (SMR 92; 95 % CI 89–96) and in males (SMR 88; 95 % CI 83–92), but not in females (SMR 100; 95 % CI 94–106). For all cancers combined, SMRs for the total cohort (SMR 103; 95 % CI 96–111) and for males (SMR 96; 95 % CI 87–105) did not differ from the expected rates, in contrast to females (SMR 114; 95 % CI 103–126). Buccal cavity and pharyngeal cancers were statistically increased in the combined cohort (SMR 169; 95 % CI 108–251) and in females (SMR 273; 95 % CI 131–502). Respiratory system malignancies were statistically lower in males (SMR 83; 95 % CI 70–97), while they were increased in females (SMR 143; 95 % CI 118–172). Melanomas were statistically significantly increased in male salaried workers only. No positive trends (SRRs) with increasing length of employment and increasing latency were found. Conclusions The positive results lacking exposure–response relationships are subject to confounding and probably do not represent causal associations.
doi_str_mv 10.1007/s00420-014-0940-y
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Concerns have been raised about cancer and other disease risks. This follow-up mortality study of PCB workers addresses some of these concerns. Methods Mortality among 7,061 PCB capacitor workers was updated through 2008 (287,712 person-years; mean follow-up 41 years). Adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for USA and New York State referent rates. Standardized rate ratios (SRRs) were calculated based on employment duration and latency. Results Standardized mortality ratios for all causes of death were statistically significantly lower in the total cohort (SMR 92; 95 % CI 89–96) and in males (SMR 88; 95 % CI 83–92), but not in females (SMR 100; 95 % CI 94–106). For all cancers combined, SMRs for the total cohort (SMR 103; 95 % CI 96–111) and for males (SMR 96; 95 % CI 87–105) did not differ from the expected rates, in contrast to females (SMR 114; 95 % CI 103–126). Buccal cavity and pharyngeal cancers were statistically increased in the combined cohort (SMR 169; 95 % CI 108–251) and in females (SMR 273; 95 % CI 131–502). Respiratory system malignancies were statistically lower in males (SMR 83; 95 % CI 70–97), while they were increased in females (SMR 143; 95 % CI 118–172). Melanomas were statistically significantly increased in male salaried workers only. No positive trends (SRRs) with increasing length of employment and increasing latency were found. Conclusions The positive results lacking exposure–response relationships are subject to confounding and probably do not represent causal associations.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0340-0131</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1432-1246</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s00420-014-0940-y</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24752866</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg</publisher><subject>Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cause of Death ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Electricity ; Environment ; Environmental Health ; Environmental Pollutants - toxicity ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Health risks ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Neoplasms - chemically induced ; Neoplasms - etiology ; Neoplasms - mortality ; New York - epidemiology ; Occupational Diseases - chemically induced ; Occupational Diseases - mortality ; Occupational exposure ; Occupational Exposure - adverse effects ; Occupational hazards ; Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine ; Occupations ; Original Article ; PCB ; Polychlorinated biphenyls ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity ; Rehabilitation ; Respiratory system ; Workers</subject><ispartof>International archives of occupational and environmental health, 2015-01, Vol.88 (1), p.85-101</ispartof><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014</rights><rights>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2015</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-b52e4a8f49d41dc977e044f4a33d62ea47e435318e6227586036c9af07ce46693</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c475t-b52e4a8f49d41dc977e044f4a33d62ea47e435318e6227586036c9af07ce46693</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00420-014-0940-y$$EPDF$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00420-014-0940-y$$EHTML$$P50$$Gspringer$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,27929,27930,41493,42562,51324</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24752866$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kimbrough, Renate D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Krouskas, Constantine A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Wenjing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Shields, Peter G.</creatorcontrib><title>Mortality among capacitor workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a long-term update</title><title>International archives of occupational and environmental health</title><addtitle>Int Arch Occup Environ Health</addtitle><addtitle>Int Arch Occup Environ Health</addtitle><description>Purpose Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous in the environment. Concerns have been raised about cancer and other disease risks. This follow-up mortality study of PCB workers addresses some of these concerns. Methods Mortality among 7,061 PCB capacitor workers was updated through 2008 (287,712 person-years; mean follow-up 41 years). Adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for USA and New York State referent rates. Standardized rate ratios (SRRs) were calculated based on employment duration and latency. Results Standardized mortality ratios for all causes of death were statistically significantly lower in the total cohort (SMR 92; 95 % CI 89–96) and in males (SMR 88; 95 % CI 83–92), but not in females (SMR 100; 95 % CI 94–106). For all cancers combined, SMRs for the total cohort (SMR 103; 95 % CI 96–111) and for males (SMR 96; 95 % CI 87–105) did not differ from the expected rates, in contrast to females (SMR 114; 95 % CI 103–126). Buccal cavity and pharyngeal cancers were statistically increased in the combined cohort (SMR 169; 95 % CI 108–251) and in females (SMR 273; 95 % CI 131–502). Respiratory system malignancies were statistically lower in males (SMR 83; 95 % CI 70–97), while they were increased in females (SMR 143; 95 % CI 118–172). Melanomas were statistically significantly increased in male salaried workers only. No positive trends (SRRs) with increasing length of employment and increasing latency were found. 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Concerns have been raised about cancer and other disease risks. This follow-up mortality study of PCB workers addresses some of these concerns. Methods Mortality among 7,061 PCB capacitor workers was updated through 2008 (287,712 person-years; mean follow-up 41 years). Adjusted standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for USA and New York State referent rates. Standardized rate ratios (SRRs) were calculated based on employment duration and latency. Results Standardized mortality ratios for all causes of death were statistically significantly lower in the total cohort (SMR 92; 95 % CI 89–96) and in males (SMR 88; 95 % CI 83–92), but not in females (SMR 100; 95 % CI 94–106). For all cancers combined, SMRs for the total cohort (SMR 103; 95 % CI 96–111) and for males (SMR 96; 95 % CI 87–105) did not differ from the expected rates, in contrast to females (SMR 114; 95 % CI 103–126). Buccal cavity and pharyngeal cancers were statistically increased in the combined cohort (SMR 169; 95 % CI 108–251) and in females (SMR 273; 95 % CI 131–502). Respiratory system malignancies were statistically lower in males (SMR 83; 95 % CI 70–97), while they were increased in females (SMR 143; 95 % CI 118–172). Melanomas were statistically significantly increased in male salaried workers only. No positive trends (SRRs) with increasing length of employment and increasing latency were found. Conclusions The positive results lacking exposure–response relationships are subject to confounding and probably do not represent causal associations.</abstract><cop>Berlin/Heidelberg</cop><pub>Springer Berlin Heidelberg</pub><pmid>24752866</pmid><doi>10.1007/s00420-014-0940-y</doi><tpages>17</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Cause of Death
Earth and Environmental Science
Electricity
Environment
Environmental Health
Environmental Pollutants - toxicity
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Health risks
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Mortality
Neoplasms - chemically induced
Neoplasms - etiology
Neoplasms - mortality
New York - epidemiology
Occupational Diseases - chemically induced
Occupational Diseases - mortality
Occupational exposure
Occupational Exposure - adverse effects
Occupational hazards
Occupational Medicine/Industrial Medicine
Occupations
Original Article
PCB
Polychlorinated biphenyls
Polychlorinated Biphenyls - toxicity
Rehabilitation
Respiratory system
Workers
title Mortality among capacitor workers exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a long-term update
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