Transpacific transport of Asian anthropogenic aerosols and its impact on surface air quality in the United States

We use satellite (MODIS) observations of aerosol optical depths (AODs) over the North Pacific, together with surface aerosol measurements at a network of remote U.S. sites (IMPROVE), to improve understanding of the transpacific transport of Asian aerosol pollution and assess the ability of a global...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres 2006-07, Vol.111 (D14), p.D14310-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Heald, Colette L., Jacob, Daniel J., Park, Rokjin J., Alexander, Becky, Fairlie, T. Duncan, Yantosca, Robert M., Chu, D. Allen
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container_issue D14
container_start_page D14310
container_title Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres
container_volume 111
creator Heald, Colette L.
Jacob, Daniel J.
Park, Rokjin J.
Alexander, Becky
Fairlie, T. Duncan
Yantosca, Robert M.
Chu, D. Allen
description We use satellite (MODIS) observations of aerosol optical depths (AODs) over the North Pacific, together with surface aerosol measurements at a network of remote U.S. sites (IMPROVE), to improve understanding of the transpacific transport of Asian aerosol pollution and assess the ability of a global 3‐D chemical transport model (GEOS‐Chem CTM) to quantify Asian aerosol enhancements in U.S. surface air. The MODIS observations show the strongest transpacific transport occurring in spring at 40–55°N. This transport in the model takes place mainly in the lower free troposphere (900–700 hPa) because of scavenging during transport either in the boundary layer or during lifting to the upper troposphere. The preferential altitude of aerosol transpacific transport results in direct impact on the elevated terrain of the NW United States. Sulfate observations in the NW United States in spring 2001 show higher concentrations on the days of model‐predicted maximum Asian influence (1.04 μg m−3) than seasonal mean values (0.69 μg m−3). No such Asian enhancements are observed for nitrate or for organic carbon (OC) aerosol. Distinct Asian sulfate episodes correlated with dust events are observed in the NW United States and simulated with the model. The mean Asian pollution enhancement in that region in spring is 0.16 μg m−3 with a 50% estimated uncertainty. This is higher than the estimated natural concentration of 0.09 μg m−3 presently used as objective for regulation of visibility in U.S. wilderness areas.
doi_str_mv 10.1029/2005JD006847
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subjects Aerosols and particles
Atmospheric Composition and Structure
constituent transport and chemistry
Earth sciences
Earth, ocean, space
Evolution of the atmosphere
Exact sciences and technology
IMPROVE
MODIS
Pollution
transpacific transport
Troposphere
urban and regional
title Transpacific transport of Asian anthropogenic aerosols and its impact on surface air quality in the United States
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