Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)
Purpose The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad‐snouted caiman. Method A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Veterinary ophthalmology 2015-01, Vol.18 (s1), p.30-39 |
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| creator | Oriá, Arianne P. Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D. Pinna, Melissa H. Martins Filho, Emanoel F. Estrela-Lima, Alessandra Peixoto, Tiago C. da Silva, Renata Maria M. Santana, Fernanda O. Meneses, Íris Daniela S. Requião, Kátia G. Ofri, Ron |
| description | Purpose
The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad‐snouted caiman.
Method
A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test‐1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B‐mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied.
Results
Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01–4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp., Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/vop.12115 |
| format | Article |
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The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad‐snouted caiman.
Method
A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test‐1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B‐mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied.
Results
Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01–4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp., Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1463-5216</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1463-5224</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/vop.12115</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24171896</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Alligators and Crocodiles - anatomy & histology ; Animals ; B-mode ; bacterial flora ; caiman ; Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological - veterinary ; Eye - anatomy & histology ; Female ; Harderian Gland - anatomy & histology ; intraocular pressure ; Male ; Nictitating Membrane - anatomy & histology ; Schirmer Tear test ; ultrasound</subject><ispartof>Veterinary ophthalmology, 2015-01, Vol.18 (s1), p.30-39</ispartof><rights>2013 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists</rights><rights>2013 American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3965-d4cc7e5de33472383bc3aec78ac824c045ad8e237fde530746535f7f36b403753</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3965-d4cc7e5de33472383bc3aec78ac824c045ad8e237fde530746535f7f36b403753</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fvop.12115$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fvop.12115$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>315,781,785,1418,27929,27930,45579,45580</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24171896$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Oriá, Arianne P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinna, Melissa H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins Filho, Emanoel F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Estrela-Lima, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peixoto, Tiago C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Renata Maria M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santana, Fernanda O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meneses, Íris Daniela S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Requião, Kátia G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ofri, Ron</creatorcontrib><title>Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)</title><title>Veterinary ophthalmology</title><addtitle>Vet Ophthalmol</addtitle><description>Purpose
The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad‐snouted caiman.
Method
A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test‐1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B‐mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied.
Results
Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01–4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp., Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant.</description><subject>Alligators and Crocodiles - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>B-mode</subject><subject>bacterial flora</subject><subject>caiman</subject><subject>Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological - veterinary</subject><subject>Eye - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Harderian Gland - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>intraocular pressure</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Nictitating Membrane - anatomy & histology</subject><subject>Schirmer Tear test</subject><subject>ultrasound</subject><issn>1463-5216</issn><issn>1463-5224</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp1kE9P3DAQxS3UCijtoV8A-QgSATtjx9kjXco_Ld0eWujNcmyHNSTx1vZS9tvXNLC3zmWeRr95mnkIfabkmOY6efLLY1pSyrfQLmUVFLws2buNptUO-hDjAyEEOBHbaKdkVNB6Uu2iNF8u0kJ1vdPYOHU_-JiyTDameIR9aFxSHVaDSr5fH2VhsDKDfc7DhYvJd_5-jX2L08LiJnhlijj4VbIGa-V6NeCD6dg7lVzI5sHFw4_ofau6aD-99j308_zrj-llMZtfXE1PZ4WGScULw7QWlhsLwEQJNTQalNWiVroumSaMK1PbEkRrLAciWMWBt6KFqmEEBIc9dDD6LoP_vcovyd5FbbtODdavoqQVL2FSA39BD0dU5yNjsK1chnx3WEtK5EvIMocs_4Wc2f1X21XTW7Mh31LNwMkI_HGdXf_fSd7Ov79ZFuNGztQ-bzZUeJSVyK_Iu28Xkp99OZvMrm_kL_gLpMqWcQ</recordid><startdate>201501</startdate><enddate>201501</enddate><creator>Oriá, Arianne P.</creator><creator>Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D.</creator><creator>Pinna, Melissa H.</creator><creator>Martins Filho, Emanoel F.</creator><creator>Estrela-Lima, Alessandra</creator><creator>Peixoto, Tiago C.</creator><creator>da Silva, Renata Maria M.</creator><creator>Santana, Fernanda O.</creator><creator>Meneses, Íris Daniela S.</creator><creator>Requião, Kátia G.</creator><creator>Ofri, Ron</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201501</creationdate><title>Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)</title><author>Oriá, Arianne P. ; Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D. ; Pinna, Melissa H. ; Martins Filho, Emanoel F. ; Estrela-Lima, Alessandra ; Peixoto, Tiago C. ; da Silva, Renata Maria M. ; Santana, Fernanda O. ; Meneses, Íris Daniela S. ; Requião, Kátia G. ; Ofri, Ron</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3965-d4cc7e5de33472383bc3aec78ac824c045ad8e237fde530746535f7f36b403753</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Alligators and Crocodiles - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>B-mode</topic><topic>bacterial flora</topic><topic>caiman</topic><topic>Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological - veterinary</topic><topic>Eye - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Harderian Gland - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>intraocular pressure</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Nictitating Membrane - anatomy & histology</topic><topic>Schirmer Tear test</topic><topic>ultrasound</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Oriá, Arianne P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pinna, Melissa H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Martins Filho, Emanoel F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Estrela-Lima, Alessandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peixoto, Tiago C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>da Silva, Renata Maria M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santana, Fernanda O.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Meneses, Íris Daniela S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Requião, Kátia G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ofri, Ron</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Veterinary ophthalmology</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Oriá, Arianne P.</au><au>Oliveira, Alberto Vinícius D.</au><au>Pinna, Melissa H.</au><au>Martins Filho, Emanoel F.</au><au>Estrela-Lima, Alessandra</au><au>Peixoto, Tiago C.</au><au>da Silva, Renata Maria M.</au><au>Santana, Fernanda O.</au><au>Meneses, Íris Daniela S.</au><au>Requião, Kátia G.</au><au>Ofri, Ron</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris)</atitle><jtitle>Veterinary ophthalmology</jtitle><addtitle>Vet Ophthalmol</addtitle><date>2015-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>18</volume><issue>s1</issue><spage>30</spage><epage>39</epage><pages>30-39</pages><issn>1463-5216</issn><eissn>1463-5224</eissn><abstract>Purpose
The aim of this study was to establish normal ophthalmic parameters for selected diagnostic tests, and to describe the orbital anatomy and adnexal histology of the broad‐snouted caiman.
Method
A total of 35 Caiman latirostris that were free of obvious ocular diseases were used to measure the parameters in this investigation. Ages ranged from 5 to 15 years. Ophthalmic diagnostic tests were conducted, including evaluation of tear production with Schirmer Tear test‐1 (STT1), culture of the conjunctival bacterial flora, applanation tonometry, conjunctival cytology, nictiating membrane incursion frequency test (NMIFT), endodontic absorbent paper point tear test (EAPPTT), palpebral fissure length measurement (PFL) and B‐mode ultrasonography. Adnexal histology and skull samples were studied.
Results
Mean (±SD) STT1 was 3.4 ± 3.6 mm/min (95% confidence interval of 2.01–4.78 mm/min), intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12.9 ± 6.2 mmHg, NMIFT was 6.0 ± 3.5, EAPPTT was 17.1 ± 2.5 mm/min, PFL was 28.9 ± 3.0 mm, anterior chamber depth was 3.1 ± 0.3 mm, lens axial length was 8.4 ± 0.6 mm, vitreous chamber depth was 7.9 ± 0.7 mm and axial globe length was 19.9 ± 1.3 mm. For all animals evaluated, Bacillus sp., Diphteroids and Staphylococcus sp. were predominant.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>24171896</pmid><doi>10.1111/vop.12115</doi><tpages>10</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Alligators and Crocodiles - anatomy & histology Animals B-mode bacterial flora caiman Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological - veterinary Eye - anatomy & histology Female Harderian Gland - anatomy & histology intraocular pressure Male Nictitating Membrane - anatomy & histology Schirmer Tear test ultrasound |
| title | Ophthalmic diagnostic tests, orbital anatomy, and adnexal histology of the broad-snouted caiman (Caiman latirostris) |
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