Flavan‐3‐ols, anthocyanins, and inflammation

The process of inflammation constitutes a reactive response of the organism to tissue damage and is an important factor making part of a number of degenerative pathologies as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, all of them comprised in the metabolic syndrome. There is an increasing i...

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Veröffentlicht in:IUBMB life 2014-11, Vol.66 (11), p.745-758
Hauptverfasser: Mena, Pedro, Domínguez‐Perles, Raúl, Gironés‐Vilaplana, Amadeo, Baenas, Nieves, García‐Viguera, Cristina, Villaño, Débora
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container_issue 11
container_start_page 745
container_title IUBMB life
container_volume 66
creator Mena, Pedro
Domínguez‐Perles, Raúl
Gironés‐Vilaplana, Amadeo
Baenas, Nieves
García‐Viguera, Cristina
Villaño, Débora
description The process of inflammation constitutes a reactive response of the organism to tissue damage and is an important factor making part of a number of degenerative pathologies as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, all of them comprised in the metabolic syndrome. There is an increasing interest in plant products rich in flavan‐3‐ols and anthocyanins because of their potential beneficial effects observed in epidemiological studies against inflammatory‐related diseases. Their anti‐inflammatory effects are exerted by modulation of cell redox status and inhibition of signaling pathways as NF‐κB activation. The effects depend on their concentrations in target tissues and hence the bioavailability pathways followed by each particular compound. In this sense, in vitro studies performed with parental compounds at doses exceeding to those found in vivo may be drawing erroneous conclusions about their real efficacy. Contradictory results have been observed in human intervention trials, which may be ascribed to the type of population studied, length of study, source of flavan‐3‐ol/anthocyanin, and dose provided. Human studies are required to confirm the positive effects found in vitro and in animal models. Future research should be focused on the understanding of dose/flavonoid intake–response relationship with pharmacokinetic studies, evaluating proper biomarkers of intake. Long‐term dietary interventions are necessary to observe effects on markers of late activation as well as the possible preventive effects of these compounds on long‐term inflammation‐related diseases. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(11):745–758, 2014
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Future research should be focused on the understanding of dose/flavonoid intake–response relationship with pharmacokinetic studies, evaluating proper biomarkers of intake. 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Future research should be focused on the understanding of dose/flavonoid intake–response relationship with pharmacokinetic studies, evaluating proper biomarkers of intake. 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subjects anthocyanins
Anthocyanins - metabolism
Anthocyanins - pharmacology
Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology
atherosclerosis
bioavailability
biomarkers
diabetes
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
dyslipemia
flavan‐3‐ols
Flavonoids - metabolism
Flavonoids - pharmacology
Humans
inflammation
Inflammation - diet therapy
metabolic syndrome
NF-kappa B - metabolism
Phytotherapy - methods
Phytotherapy - trends
plant foods
Signal Transduction - drug effects
title Flavan‐3‐ols, anthocyanins, and inflammation
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