Cellulose nanocrystal driven crystallization of poly(d,l-lactide) and improvement of the thermomechanical properties
ABSTRACT The technological exploitation of polylactide in fields requiring wide range of operating conditions is limited by the low crystallization rate of the polymer and therewith the low thermomechanical stability. Here we report the crystallization and consequent improvement of the thermomechani...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of applied polymer science 2015-03, Vol.132 (10), p.np-n/a |
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| creator | Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra Boday, Dylan J. Weder, Christoph Foster, E. Johan |
| description | ABSTRACT
The technological exploitation of polylactide in fields requiring wide range of operating conditions is limited by the low crystallization rate of the polymer and therewith the low thermomechanical stability. Here we report the crystallization and consequent improvement of the thermomechanical properties of originally amorphous poly(d,l‐lactide) (d : l ratio 11 : 89) loaded with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Isothermal treatment of samples with different CNC contents and at various temperatures, showed up to 6 wt % crystalline phase formation, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Under a particular set of annealing conditions, CNCs promote the formation of a lamellar structure. This provides the system with higher order and cohesion which in combination with stress‐transfer between CNCs, led to an increase of the storage modulus in the rubbery plateau up to 30 times (from 2.7 MPa up to 79 MPa), a rise of the melting temperature up to 50°C, and an improvement of the Young's modulus up to 40%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41607. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1002/app.41607 |
| format | Article |
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The technological exploitation of polylactide in fields requiring wide range of operating conditions is limited by the low crystallization rate of the polymer and therewith the low thermomechanical stability. Here we report the crystallization and consequent improvement of the thermomechanical properties of originally amorphous poly(d,l‐lactide) (d : l ratio 11 : 89) loaded with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Isothermal treatment of samples with different CNC contents and at various temperatures, showed up to 6 wt % crystalline phase formation, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Under a particular set of annealing conditions, CNCs promote the formation of a lamellar structure. This provides the system with higher order and cohesion which in combination with stress‐transfer between CNCs, led to an increase of the storage modulus in the rubbery plateau up to 30 times (from 2.7 MPa up to 79 MPa), a rise of the melting temperature up to 50°C, and an improvement of the Young's modulus up to 40%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41607.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0021-8995</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1097-4628</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/app.41607</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAPNAB</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Hoboken: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Annealing ; Cellulose ; cellulose and other wood products ; Computer numerical control ; Crystallization ; Formations ; Materials science ; mechanical properties ; Nanocrystals ; nanoparticles ; nanowires and nanocrystals ; Polylactides ; Polymers ; Thermomechanical properties</subject><ispartof>Journal of applied polymer science, 2015-03, Vol.132 (10), p.np-n/a</ispartof><rights>2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3687-3392bb2ab2c29a47d507d7c4d7dcb65ad1ad9419b88c9c1d0558a537b2e02c513</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3687-3392bb2ab2c29a47d507d7c4d7dcb65ad1ad9419b88c9c1d0558a537b2e02c513</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fapp.41607$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fapp.41607$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boday, Dylan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weder, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foster, E. Johan</creatorcontrib><title>Cellulose nanocrystal driven crystallization of poly(d,l-lactide) and improvement of the thermomechanical properties</title><title>Journal of applied polymer science</title><addtitle>J. Appl. Polym. Sci</addtitle><description>ABSTRACT
The technological exploitation of polylactide in fields requiring wide range of operating conditions is limited by the low crystallization rate of the polymer and therewith the low thermomechanical stability. Here we report the crystallization and consequent improvement of the thermomechanical properties of originally amorphous poly(d,l‐lactide) (d : l ratio 11 : 89) loaded with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Isothermal treatment of samples with different CNC contents and at various temperatures, showed up to 6 wt % crystalline phase formation, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Under a particular set of annealing conditions, CNCs promote the formation of a lamellar structure. This provides the system with higher order and cohesion which in combination with stress‐transfer between CNCs, led to an increase of the storage modulus in the rubbery plateau up to 30 times (from 2.7 MPa up to 79 MPa), a rise of the melting temperature up to 50°C, and an improvement of the Young's modulus up to 40%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41607.</description><subject>Annealing</subject><subject>Cellulose</subject><subject>cellulose and other wood products</subject><subject>Computer numerical control</subject><subject>Crystallization</subject><subject>Formations</subject><subject>Materials science</subject><subject>mechanical properties</subject><subject>Nanocrystals</subject><subject>nanoparticles</subject><subject>nanowires and nanocrystals</subject><subject>Polylactides</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>Thermomechanical properties</subject><issn>0021-8995</issn><issn>1097-4628</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kE9P3DAQxa2KSl1oD_0GkbiA1IAd23FyRCv-tFotHFr1aDn2rDB17GB7ocunx9ulHJA4jEYj_94bz0PoK8EnBOPmVE3TCSMtFh_QjOBe1Kxtuj00K2-k7vqef0L7Kd1hTAjH7QzlOTi3diFB5ZUPOm5SVq4y0T6Ar15GZ59UtsFXYVVNwW2OzDdXO6WzNXBcKW8qO04xPMAIPm-hfAvbimMYQd8qb3XxLMQEMVtIn9HHlXIJvrz0A_Tr4vzn_KpeXF9-n58tak3bTtSU9s0wNGpodNMrJgzHwgjNjDB6aLkyRJmekX7oOt1rYjDnneJUDA3gRnNCD9DRzresvl9DynK0SZeDlYewTpK0nDDOCGEFPXyD3oV19OV3haKcFm8sCnW8o3QMKUVYySnaUcWNJFhu85clf_kv_8Ke7thH62DzPijPbm7-K-qdwqYMf18VKv6RraCCy9_LS8mWZPFjeXUhl_QZK-GX1w</recordid><startdate>20150310</startdate><enddate>20150310</enddate><creator>Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra</creator><creator>Boday, Dylan J.</creator><creator>Weder, Christoph</creator><creator>Foster, E. Johan</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>JG9</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20150310</creationdate><title>Cellulose nanocrystal driven crystallization of poly(d,l-lactide) and improvement of the thermomechanical properties</title><author>Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra ; Boday, Dylan J. ; Weder, Christoph ; Foster, E. Johan</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3687-3392bb2ab2c29a47d507d7c4d7dcb65ad1ad9419b88c9c1d0558a537b2e02c513</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Annealing</topic><topic>Cellulose</topic><topic>cellulose and other wood products</topic><topic>Computer numerical control</topic><topic>Crystallization</topic><topic>Formations</topic><topic>Materials science</topic><topic>mechanical properties</topic><topic>Nanocrystals</topic><topic>nanoparticles</topic><topic>nanowires and nanocrystals</topic><topic>Polylactides</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>Thermomechanical properties</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boday, Dylan J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Weder, Christoph</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Foster, E. Johan</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><jtitle>Journal of applied polymer science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Camarero-Espinosa, Sandra</au><au>Boday, Dylan J.</au><au>Weder, Christoph</au><au>Foster, E. Johan</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Cellulose nanocrystal driven crystallization of poly(d,l-lactide) and improvement of the thermomechanical properties</atitle><jtitle>Journal of applied polymer science</jtitle><addtitle>J. Appl. Polym. Sci</addtitle><date>2015-03-10</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>132</volume><issue>10</issue><spage>np</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>np-n/a</pages><issn>0021-8995</issn><eissn>1097-4628</eissn><coden>JAPNAB</coden><abstract>ABSTRACT
The technological exploitation of polylactide in fields requiring wide range of operating conditions is limited by the low crystallization rate of the polymer and therewith the low thermomechanical stability. Here we report the crystallization and consequent improvement of the thermomechanical properties of originally amorphous poly(d,l‐lactide) (d : l ratio 11 : 89) loaded with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Isothermal treatment of samples with different CNC contents and at various temperatures, showed up to 6 wt % crystalline phase formation, as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry and X‐ray diffraction measurements. Under a particular set of annealing conditions, CNCs promote the formation of a lamellar structure. This provides the system with higher order and cohesion which in combination with stress‐transfer between CNCs, led to an increase of the storage modulus in the rubbery plateau up to 30 times (from 2.7 MPa up to 79 MPa), a rise of the melting temperature up to 50°C, and an improvement of the Young's modulus up to 40%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 41607.</abstract><cop>Hoboken</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><doi>10.1002/app.41607</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Annealing Cellulose cellulose and other wood products Computer numerical control Crystallization Formations Materials science mechanical properties Nanocrystals nanoparticles nanowires and nanocrystals Polylactides Polymers Thermomechanical properties |
| title | Cellulose nanocrystal driven crystallization of poly(d,l-lactide) and improvement of the thermomechanical properties |
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