Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective

Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and...

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Veröffentlicht in:Journal - American Water Works Association 1993-03, Vol.85 (3), p.57-61
Hauptverfasser: Putnam, Susan W., Graham, John D.
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description Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and chemical risks appears to be unavoidable. Science alone cannot resolve this dilemma, because a value judgment that is sensitive to citizens' attitudes toward risk must be made. To compare health risks, the ultimate health effects need to be expressed in the same unit of measurement. Using an analytical framework called decision analysis, policymakers can analyze risks and attitudes in terms of public health effects, economic cost to society, and consequences for overall quality of life. In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. La ciencia sola no puede resolver este dilema, porque debe hacerse un juicio que sea sensible a la propensidad al riesgo de los ciudadanos. Para comparar los riesgos en la salud, los efectos finales sobre la salud se deben expresar con la misma unidad de medida. Usando un método analítico llamado análisis de decisiones, los legisladores pueden analizar los riesgos y la propensidad al riesgo en términos de su impacto en la salud pública, el costo soportado por la sociedad, y las consecuencias en la calidad general de la vida. En las actuales deliberaciones sobre la regulación de desinfectantes, la USEPA está atacando el problema desde un punto de vista económico, mientras que si lo fuera a analizar desde uno diferente, la atracción relativa de las plataformas regulatorias podría ser muy diferente. La lucha
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In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. 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In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. 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Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</topic><topic>Antiseptics</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chemicals</topic><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Decision Analysis</topic><topic>Disease risk</topic><topic>Disinfection</topic><topic>Disinfection Byproducts</topic><topic>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination</topic><topic>Economic regulation</topic><topic>Environment. Living conditions</topic><topic>Environmental protection</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Financial risk</topic><topic>Health benefits</topic><topic>Health Effects</topic><topic>Management &amp; Operations</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Potable water</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Public Opinion</topic><topic>Q1</topic><topic>Regulations</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>Risks</topic><topic>Waste byproducts</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Putnam, Susan W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, John D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal - American Water Works Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Putnam, Susan W.</au><au>Graham, John D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective</atitle><jtitle>Journal - American Water Works Association</jtitle><date>1993-03</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>57</spage><epage>61</epage><pages>57-61</pages><issn>0003-150X</issn><eissn>1551-8833</eissn><coden>JAWWA5</coden><abstract>Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and chemical risks appears to be unavoidable. Science alone cannot resolve this dilemma, because a value judgment that is sensitive to citizens' attitudes toward risk must be made. To compare health risks, the ultimate health effects need to be expressed in the same unit of measurement. Using an analytical framework called decision analysis, policymakers can analyze risks and attitudes in terms of public health effects, economic cost to society, and consequences for overall quality of life. In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. La ciencia sola no puede resolver este dilema, porque debe hacerse un juicio que sea sensible a la propensidad al riesgo de los ciudadanos. Para comparar los riesgos en la salud, los efectos finales sobre la salud se deben expresar con la misma unidad de medida. Usando un método analítico llamado análisis de decisiones, los legisladores pueden analizar los riesgos y la propensidad al riesgo en términos de su impacto en la salud pública, el costo soportado por la sociedad, y las consecuencias en la calidad general de la vida. En las actuales deliberaciones sobre la regulación de desinfectantes, la USEPA está atacando el problema desde un punto de vista económico, mientras que si lo fuera a analizar desde uno diferente, la atracción relativa de las plataformas regulatorias podría ser muy diferente. La lucha actual de la USEPA para balancear los inter-cambios envueltos en establecer reglas para los desinfectantes y sus subproductos implica la necesidad de una investigación dirigida a las ciencias sociales acerca de la actual propensidad al riesgo.</abstract><cop>Denver, CO</cop><pub>American Water Works Association</pub><doi>10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05956.x</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record>
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subjects Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding
Antiseptics
Applied sciences
Biological and medical sciences
Chemicals
Chlorine
Contamination
Decision Analysis
Disease risk
Disinfection
Disinfection Byproducts
Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination
Economic regulation
Environment. Living conditions
Environmental protection
Exact sciences and technology
Financial risk
Health benefits
Health Effects
Management & Operations
Medical sciences
Microorganisms
Pollution
Potable water
Public health
Public health. Hygiene
Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine
Public Opinion
Q1
Regulations
Risk assessment
Risks
Waste byproducts
Water quality
Water treatment and pollution
title Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective
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