Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective
Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and...
Gespeichert in:
Veröffentlicht in: | Journal - American Water Works Association 1993-03, Vol.85 (3), p.57-61 |
---|---|
Hauptverfasser: | , |
Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
container_end_page | 61 |
---|---|
container_issue | 3 |
container_start_page | 57 |
container_title | Journal - American Water Works Association |
container_volume | 85 |
creator | Putnam, Susan W. Graham, John D. |
description | Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and chemical risks appears to be unavoidable. Science alone cannot resolve this dilemma, because a value judgment that is sensitive to citizens' attitudes toward risk must be made. To compare health risks, the ultimate health effects need to be expressed in the same unit of measurement. Using an analytical framework called decision analysis, policymakers can analyze risks and attitudes in terms of public health effects, economic cost to society, and consequences for overall quality of life. In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. La ciencia sola no puede resolver este dilema, porque debe hacerse un juicio que sea sensible a la propensidad al riesgo de los ciudadanos. Para comparar los riesgos en la salud, los efectos finales sobre la salud se deben expresar con la misma unidad de medida. Usando un método analítico llamado análisis de decisiones, los legisladores pueden analizar los riesgos y la propensidad al riesgo en términos de su impacto en la salud pública, el costo soportado por la sociedad, y las consecuencias en la calidad general de la vida. En las actuales deliberaciones sobre la regulación de desinfectantes, la USEPA está atacando el problema desde un punto de vista económico, mientras que si lo fuera a analizar desde uno diferente, la atracción relativa de las plataformas regulatorias podría ser muy diferente. La lucha |
doi_str_mv | 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05956.x |
format | Article |
fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_16498873</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>41294335</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>41294335</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4596-4eb1f9cc7bb7e3c2a9c742ce19c36f149cdc43a026298e3ff5baf9b14432256b3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqVkMtOwzAQRS0EEqXwCUgRQuwS7PiRmF3U8pKKQOJRdpZjJuDSJsVOgf49Dq1giVjZHt97Z-YgdEBwQjBOjycJ4ZzEeU5pQqSkSVtiLrlIPjdQ7-drE_UwxjQmHD9uox3vJ-FJOGE9dDV4gZk1euqjB3B-4aMra1xT2q5i62jobP1q6-dorFtwURENwVhvmzq6NRZqAz66Cb45mNa-wy7aqoIR9tZnH92fnd4NLuLR9fnloBjFhnEpYgYlqaQxWVlmQE2qpclYaoBIQ0VFmDRPhlGNU5HKHGhV8VJXsiSM0TTloqR9dLTKnbvmbQG-VTPrDUynuoZm4RURTOZ5RoPwZCUMO3nvoFJzZ2faLRXBqiOoJqrDpDpMqiOo1gTVZzAfrrtoHwhVTtdh958EwRjPBPtTRiUmAv8lY4Jyxru0YiX7sFNY_mNcVYzHxfc9ZOyvMia-bdxvC5JKRimnX_FLqTg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>16498873</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective</title><source>Jstor Complete Legacy</source><creator>Putnam, Susan W. ; Graham, John D.</creator><creatorcontrib>Putnam, Susan W. ; Graham, John D.</creatorcontrib><description>Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and chemical risks appears to be unavoidable. Science alone cannot resolve this dilemma, because a value judgment that is sensitive to citizens' attitudes toward risk must be made. To compare health risks, the ultimate health effects need to be expressed in the same unit of measurement. Using an analytical framework called decision analysis, policymakers can analyze risks and attitudes in terms of public health effects, economic cost to society, and consequences for overall quality of life. In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. La ciencia sola no puede resolver este dilema, porque debe hacerse un juicio que sea sensible a la propensidad al riesgo de los ciudadanos. Para comparar los riesgos en la salud, los efectos finales sobre la salud se deben expresar con la misma unidad de medida. Usando un método analítico llamado análisis de decisiones, los legisladores pueden analizar los riesgos y la propensidad al riesgo en términos de su impacto en la salud pública, el costo soportado por la sociedad, y las consecuencias en la calidad general de la vida. En las actuales deliberaciones sobre la regulación de desinfectantes, la USEPA está atacando el problema desde un punto de vista económico, mientras que si lo fuera a analizar desde uno diferente, la atracción relativa de las plataformas regulatorias podría ser muy diferente. La lucha actual de la USEPA para balancear los inter-cambios envueltos en establecer reglas para los desinfectantes y sus subproductos implica la necesidad de una investigación dirigida a las ciencias sociales acerca de la actual propensidad al riesgo.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0003-150X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1551-8833</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05956.x</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JAWWA5</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Denver, CO: American Water Works Association</publisher><subject>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding ; Antiseptics ; Applied sciences ; Biological and medical sciences ; Chemicals ; Chlorine ; Contamination ; Decision Analysis ; Disease risk ; Disinfection ; Disinfection Byproducts ; Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination ; Economic regulation ; Environment. Living conditions ; Environmental protection ; Exact sciences and technology ; Financial risk ; Health benefits ; Health Effects ; Management & Operations ; Medical sciences ; Microorganisms ; Pollution ; Potable water ; Public health ; Public health. Hygiene ; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine ; Public Opinion ; Q1 ; Regulations ; Risk assessment ; Risks ; Waste byproducts ; Water quality ; Water treatment and pollution</subject><ispartof>Journal - American Water Works Association, 1993-03, Vol.85 (3), p.57-61</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 1993 AWWA</rights><rights>1993 American Water Works Association</rights><rights>1993 INIST-CNRS</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4596-4eb1f9cc7bb7e3c2a9c742ce19c36f149cdc43a026298e3ff5baf9b14432256b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4596-4eb1f9cc7bb7e3c2a9c742ce19c36f149cdc43a026298e3ff5baf9b14432256b3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41294335$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41294335$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,799,27903,27904,57995,58228</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=4635454$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=6390160$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=6445764$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Putnam, Susan W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, John D.</creatorcontrib><title>Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective</title><title>Journal - American Water Works Association</title><description>Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and chemical risks appears to be unavoidable. Science alone cannot resolve this dilemma, because a value judgment that is sensitive to citizens' attitudes toward risk must be made. To compare health risks, the ultimate health effects need to be expressed in the same unit of measurement. Using an analytical framework called decision analysis, policymakers can analyze risks and attitudes in terms of public health effects, economic cost to society, and consequences for overall quality of life. In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. La ciencia sola no puede resolver este dilema, porque debe hacerse un juicio que sea sensible a la propensidad al riesgo de los ciudadanos. Para comparar los riesgos en la salud, los efectos finales sobre la salud se deben expresar con la misma unidad de medida. Usando un método analítico llamado análisis de decisiones, los legisladores pueden analizar los riesgos y la propensidad al riesgo en términos de su impacto en la salud pública, el costo soportado por la sociedad, y las consecuencias en la calidad general de la vida. En las actuales deliberaciones sobre la regulación de desinfectantes, la USEPA está atacando el problema desde un punto de vista económico, mientras que si lo fuera a analizar desde uno diferente, la atracción relativa de las plataformas regulatorias podría ser muy diferente. La lucha actual de la USEPA para balancear los inter-cambios envueltos en establecer reglas para los desinfectantes y sus subproductos implica la necesidad de una investigación dirigida a las ciencias sociales acerca de la actual propensidad al riesgo.</description><subject>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</subject><subject>Antiseptics</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Chemicals</subject><subject>Chlorine</subject><subject>Contamination</subject><subject>Decision Analysis</subject><subject>Disease risk</subject><subject>Disinfection</subject><subject>Disinfection Byproducts</subject><subject>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination</subject><subject>Economic regulation</subject><subject>Environment. Living conditions</subject><subject>Environmental protection</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>Financial risk</subject><subject>Health benefits</subject><subject>Health Effects</subject><subject>Management & Operations</subject><subject>Medical sciences</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Potable water</subject><subject>Public health</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene</subject><subject>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</subject><subject>Public Opinion</subject><subject>Q1</subject><subject>Regulations</subject><subject>Risk assessment</subject><subject>Risks</subject><subject>Waste byproducts</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><subject>Water treatment and pollution</subject><issn>0003-150X</issn><issn>1551-8833</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>1993</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqVkMtOwzAQRS0EEqXwCUgRQuwS7PiRmF3U8pKKQOJRdpZjJuDSJsVOgf49Dq1giVjZHt97Z-YgdEBwQjBOjycJ4ZzEeU5pQqSkSVtiLrlIPjdQ7-drE_UwxjQmHD9uox3vJ-FJOGE9dDV4gZk1euqjB3B-4aMra1xT2q5i62jobP1q6-dorFtwURENwVhvmzq6NRZqAz66Cb45mNa-wy7aqoIR9tZnH92fnd4NLuLR9fnloBjFhnEpYgYlqaQxWVlmQE2qpclYaoBIQ0VFmDRPhlGNU5HKHGhV8VJXsiSM0TTloqR9dLTKnbvmbQG-VTPrDUynuoZm4RURTOZ5RoPwZCUMO3nvoFJzZ2faLRXBqiOoJqrDpDpMqiOo1gTVZzAfrrtoHwhVTtdh958EwRjPBPtTRiUmAv8lY4Jyxru0YiX7sFNY_mNcVYzHxfc9ZOyvMia-bdxvC5JKRimnX_FLqTg</recordid><startdate>199303</startdate><enddate>199303</enddate><creator>Putnam, Susan W.</creator><creator>Graham, John D.</creator><general>American Water Works Association</general><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope></search><sort><creationdate>199303</creationdate><title>Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective</title><author>Putnam, Susan W. ; Graham, John D.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4596-4eb1f9cc7bb7e3c2a9c742ce19c36f149cdc43a026298e3ff5baf9b14432256b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>1993</creationdate><topic>Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding</topic><topic>Antiseptics</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Chemicals</topic><topic>Chlorine</topic><topic>Contamination</topic><topic>Decision Analysis</topic><topic>Disease risk</topic><topic>Disinfection</topic><topic>Disinfection Byproducts</topic><topic>Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination</topic><topic>Economic regulation</topic><topic>Environment. Living conditions</topic><topic>Environmental protection</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Financial risk</topic><topic>Health benefits</topic><topic>Health Effects</topic><topic>Management & Operations</topic><topic>Medical sciences</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Potable water</topic><topic>Public health</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene</topic><topic>Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine</topic><topic>Public Opinion</topic><topic>Q1</topic><topic>Regulations</topic><topic>Risk assessment</topic><topic>Risks</topic><topic>Waste byproducts</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><topic>Water treatment and pollution</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Putnam, Susan W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Graham, John D.</creatorcontrib><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><jtitle>Journal - American Water Works Association</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Putnam, Susan W.</au><au>Graham, John D.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective</atitle><jtitle>Journal - American Water Works Association</jtitle><date>1993-03</date><risdate>1993</risdate><volume>85</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>57</spage><epage>61</epage><pages>57-61</pages><issn>0003-150X</issn><eissn>1551-8833</eissn><coden>JAWWA5</coden><abstract>Public health interventions aimed at reducing one risk may actually increase another risk. For example, concern is growing about the chronic health risks associated with the chemical agents used by many water systems to protect against waterborne microbial disease. Some combination of microbial and chemical risks appears to be unavoidable. Science alone cannot resolve this dilemma, because a value judgment that is sensitive to citizens' attitudes toward risk must be made. To compare health risks, the ultimate health effects need to be expressed in the same unit of measurement. Using an analytical framework called decision analysis, policymakers can analyze risks and attitudes in terms of public health effects, economic cost to society, and consequences for overall quality of life. In the current disinfection regulatory deliberations, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is approaching the issue from an economic standpoint, whereas if it were to analyze the issue from a different angle, the relative attractiveness of the regulatory scenarios might be quite different. USEPA's current struggle to weigh the trade-offs involved in setting regulations for disinfectants and their by-products underscores the need for targeted social science research about attitudes toward risk. La intervención dirijida hacia la reducción de un riesgo puede en realidad aumentar otro riesgo. Por ejemplo, hay una creciente preocupación hacia los riesgos de salud crónica asociados a agentes químicos usados por muchos acueductos para proteger contra enfermedades producidas por microbios en el agua. Cierta combinación de riesgos microbianos y químicos parecen ser inevitables. La ciencia sola no puede resolver este dilema, porque debe hacerse un juicio que sea sensible a la propensidad al riesgo de los ciudadanos. Para comparar los riesgos en la salud, los efectos finales sobre la salud se deben expresar con la misma unidad de medida. Usando un método analítico llamado análisis de decisiones, los legisladores pueden analizar los riesgos y la propensidad al riesgo en términos de su impacto en la salud pública, el costo soportado por la sociedad, y las consecuencias en la calidad general de la vida. En las actuales deliberaciones sobre la regulación de desinfectantes, la USEPA está atacando el problema desde un punto de vista económico, mientras que si lo fuera a analizar desde uno diferente, la atracción relativa de las plataformas regulatorias podría ser muy diferente. La lucha actual de la USEPA para balancear los inter-cambios envueltos en establecer reglas para los desinfectantes y sus subproductos implica la necesidad de una investigación dirigida a las ciencias sociales acerca de la actual propensidad al riesgo.</abstract><cop>Denver, CO</cop><pub>American Water Works Association</pub><doi>10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05956.x</doi><tpages>5</tpages></addata></record> |
fulltext | fulltext |
identifier | ISSN: 0003-150X |
ispartof | Journal - American Water Works Association, 1993-03, Vol.85 (3), p.57-61 |
issn | 0003-150X 1551-8833 |
language | eng |
recordid | cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_16498873 |
source | Jstor Complete Legacy |
subjects | Air. Soil. Water. Waste. Feeding Antiseptics Applied sciences Biological and medical sciences Chemicals Chlorine Contamination Decision Analysis Disease risk Disinfection Disinfection Byproducts Drinking water and swimming-pool water. Desalination Economic regulation Environment. Living conditions Environmental protection Exact sciences and technology Financial risk Health benefits Health Effects Management & Operations Medical sciences Microorganisms Pollution Potable water Public health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Public Opinion Q1 Regulations Risk assessment Risks Waste byproducts Water quality Water treatment and pollution |
title | Chemicals Versus Microbials in Drinking Water A Decision Sciences Perspective |
url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-01-23T12%3A26%3A55IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Chemicals%20Versus%20Microbials%20in%20Drinking%20Water%20A%20Decision%20Sciences%20Perspective&rft.jtitle=Journal%20-%20American%20Water%20Works%20Association&rft.au=Putnam,%20Susan%20W.&rft.date=1993-03&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=57&rft.epage=61&rft.pages=57-61&rft.issn=0003-150X&rft.eissn=1551-8833&rft.coden=JAWWA5&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002/j.1551-8833.1993.tb05956.x&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E41294335%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=16498873&rft_id=info:pmid/&rft_jstor_id=41294335&rfr_iscdi=true |