The thalamic reticular nucleus is activated by cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats: prevention by acute valproate administration
This study investigated the effect of repetitive cortical spreading depression (CSD) on behaviour and the anatomical and physiological patterns of cellular activation of cortical and subcortical areas in awake, moving rats. Rat behaviours in response to repetitive CSD events evoked by the applicatio...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | The European journal of neuroscience 2015-01, Vol.41 (1), p.120-128 |
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| creator | Tepe, Nermin Filiz, Aslı Dilekoz, Ergin Akcali, Didem Sara, Yildirim Charles, Andrew Bolay, Hayrunnisa |
| description | This study investigated the effect of repetitive cortical spreading depression (CSD) on behaviour and the anatomical and physiological patterns of cellular activation of cortical and subcortical areas in awake, moving rats. Rat behaviours in response to repetitive CSD events evoked by the application of KCl were quantified with electrophysiological recording. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify anatomical regions of cellular activation. The effects of acute valproic acid administration on the behavioural parameters and cellular activation were evaluated. CSD significantly decreased locomotor activity and induced freezing in awake, moving rats, and stimulated c‐Fos expression in the cortex, trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), and amygdala. CSD also resulted in a prominent increase in c‐Fos expression in the ipsilateral thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) visual sector. Electrophysiological recordings revealed propagation of CSD into the TRN. Valproic acid pretreatment decreased the duration of CSD‐induced freezing episodes and reversed the CSD‐induced reduction in locomotor activity. Acute valproic acid administration also significantly blocked CSD‐induced c‐Fos expression in the TNC and TRN. These findings show that CSD events cause consistent behavioural responses and activate specific brain regions in awake, freely moving rats. Selective activation of TRN by CSD and the suppression of this activation by valproic acid suggest that this brain region may play an important role in migraine pathogenesis and may represent a novel target for migraine therapy.
The thalamic reticular nucleus was activated by cortical spreading depression (CSD) in only conscious and freely moving rats. The direct propagation of SD into the TRN was detected which might play a role in lateralized headache and seems to be vulnerable to anesthetic agents. Activation of thalamic reticular nucleus was reversed by valproate administration suggesting anti‐migraine action of valproate may also include thalamic reticular nucleus among other sites in the brain. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1111/ejn.12753 |
| format | Article |
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The thalamic reticular nucleus was activated by cortical spreading depression (CSD) in only conscious and freely moving rats. The direct propagation of SD into the TRN was detected which might play a role in lateralized headache and seems to be vulnerable to anesthetic agents. Activation of thalamic reticular nucleus was reversed by valproate administration suggesting anti‐migraine action of valproate may also include thalamic reticular nucleus among other sites in the brain.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0953-816X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1460-9568</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12753</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25327971</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>France: Blackwell Publishing Ltd</publisher><subject>Amygdala - drug effects ; Amygdala - physiology ; Animals ; Central Nervous System Agents - pharmacology ; Cerebral Cortex - drug effects ; Cerebral Cortex - physiology ; cortical spreading depression ; Cortical Spreading Depression - drug effects ; Cortical Spreading Depression - physiology ; Electrodes, Implanted ; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - drug effects ; Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology ; GABA Agents - pharmacology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; migraine ; Motor Activity - drug effects ; Motor Activity - physiology ; Potassium Chloride - pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism ; rat ; Rats, Wistar ; Thalamic Nuclei - drug effects ; Thalamic Nuclei - physiology ; thalamic reticular nucleus ; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - drug effects ; Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - physiology ; valproate ; Valproic Acid - pharmacology</subject><ispartof>The European journal of neuroscience, 2015-01, Vol.41 (1), p.120-128</ispartof><rights>2014 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd</rights><rights>2014 Federation of European Neuroscience Societies and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5323-139d59b2c0bfd358802fadabaf2c728f8b513af679e767a392b9be0aaa8c7f6e3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c5323-139d59b2c0bfd358802fadabaf2c728f8b513af679e767a392b9be0aaa8c7f6e3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fejn.12753$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fejn.12753$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25327971$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Tepe, Nermin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Filiz, Aslı</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dilekoz, Ergin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akcali, Didem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sara, Yildirim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Charles, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolay, Hayrunnisa</creatorcontrib><title>The thalamic reticular nucleus is activated by cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats: prevention by acute valproate administration</title><title>The European journal of neuroscience</title><addtitle>Eur J Neurosci</addtitle><description>This study investigated the effect of repetitive cortical spreading depression (CSD) on behaviour and the anatomical and physiological patterns of cellular activation of cortical and subcortical areas in awake, moving rats. Rat behaviours in response to repetitive CSD events evoked by the application of KCl were quantified with electrophysiological recording. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify anatomical regions of cellular activation. The effects of acute valproic acid administration on the behavioural parameters and cellular activation were evaluated. CSD significantly decreased locomotor activity and induced freezing in awake, moving rats, and stimulated c‐Fos expression in the cortex, trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), and amygdala. CSD also resulted in a prominent increase in c‐Fos expression in the ipsilateral thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) visual sector. Electrophysiological recordings revealed propagation of CSD into the TRN. Valproic acid pretreatment decreased the duration of CSD‐induced freezing episodes and reversed the CSD‐induced reduction in locomotor activity. Acute valproic acid administration also significantly blocked CSD‐induced c‐Fos expression in the TNC and TRN. These findings show that CSD events cause consistent behavioural responses and activate specific brain regions in awake, freely moving rats. Selective activation of TRN by CSD and the suppression of this activation by valproic acid suggest that this brain region may play an important role in migraine pathogenesis and may represent a novel target for migraine therapy.
The thalamic reticular nucleus was activated by cortical spreading depression (CSD) in only conscious and freely moving rats. The direct propagation of SD into the TRN was detected which might play a role in lateralized headache and seems to be vulnerable to anesthetic agents. Activation of thalamic reticular nucleus was reversed by valproate administration suggesting anti‐migraine action of valproate may also include thalamic reticular nucleus among other sites in the brain.</description><subject>Amygdala - drug effects</subject><subject>Amygdala - physiology</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Central Nervous System Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - drug effects</subject><subject>Cerebral Cortex - physiology</subject><subject>cortical spreading depression</subject><subject>Cortical Spreading Depression - drug effects</subject><subject>Cortical Spreading Depression - physiology</subject><subject>Electrodes, Implanted</subject><subject>Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - drug effects</subject><subject>Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology</subject><subject>GABA Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>Immunohistochemistry</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>migraine</subject><subject>Motor Activity - drug effects</subject><subject>Motor Activity - physiology</subject><subject>Potassium Chloride - pharmacology</subject><subject>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism</subject><subject>rat</subject><subject>Rats, Wistar</subject><subject>Thalamic Nuclei - drug effects</subject><subject>Thalamic Nuclei - physiology</subject><subject>thalamic reticular nucleus</subject><subject>Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - drug effects</subject><subject>Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - physiology</subject><subject>valproate</subject><subject>Valproic Acid - pharmacology</subject><issn>0953-816X</issn><issn>1460-9568</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2015</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqNkU1v1DAQhi0EoqVw4A8gH-khrT82_uCGtqWAqiJE-RAXa-JMqIuTLHaysP-Cn4yXbXtDYi4eaZ55NPJLyFPOjnipY7wejrjQtbxH9vlCscrWytwn-8zWsjJcfdkjj3K-ZowZtagfkj1RS6Gt5vvk9-UV0ukKIvTB04RT8HOERIfZR5wzDZmCn8IaJmxps6F-TAWBSPMqIbRh-EZbLG3OYRxoGGiXEOOG9uN6O0sw5Re0zNc4TFuiKMDPE9I1xFUai5ZC24ch5KmwhXhMHnQQMz65eQ_Ix1enl8vX1fm7szfLl-eVL7fLikvb1rYRnjVdK2tjmOighQY64bUwnWlqLqFT2qJWGqQVjW2QAYDxulMoD8jznbdc8WPGPLk-ZI8xwoDjnB1XC8245db8DyoUs8Lagh7uUJ_GnBN2bpVCD2njOHPbrFzJyv3NqrDPbrRz02N7R96GU4DjHfAzRNz82-RO317cKqvdRvlO_HW3Aem7U1rq2n2-OHMfPi3N-68nJ07KP7ZasSk</recordid><startdate>201501</startdate><enddate>201501</enddate><creator>Tepe, Nermin</creator><creator>Filiz, Aslı</creator><creator>Dilekoz, Ergin</creator><creator>Akcali, Didem</creator><creator>Sara, Yildirim</creator><creator>Charles, Andrew</creator><creator>Bolay, Hayrunnisa</creator><general>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</general><scope>BSCLL</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>7TK</scope></search><sort><creationdate>201501</creationdate><title>The thalamic reticular nucleus is activated by cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats: prevention by acute valproate administration</title><author>Tepe, Nermin ; Filiz, Aslı ; Dilekoz, Ergin ; Akcali, Didem ; Sara, Yildirim ; Charles, Andrew ; Bolay, Hayrunnisa</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c5323-139d59b2c0bfd358802fadabaf2c728f8b513af679e767a392b9be0aaa8c7f6e3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2015</creationdate><topic>Amygdala - drug effects</topic><topic>Amygdala - physiology</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Central Nervous System Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - drug effects</topic><topic>Cerebral Cortex - physiology</topic><topic>cortical spreading depression</topic><topic>Cortical Spreading Depression - drug effects</topic><topic>Cortical Spreading Depression - physiology</topic><topic>Electrodes, Implanted</topic><topic>Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - drug effects</topic><topic>Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology</topic><topic>GABA Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>Immunohistochemistry</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>migraine</topic><topic>Motor Activity - drug effects</topic><topic>Motor Activity - physiology</topic><topic>Potassium Chloride - pharmacology</topic><topic>Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism</topic><topic>rat</topic><topic>Rats, Wistar</topic><topic>Thalamic Nuclei - drug effects</topic><topic>Thalamic Nuclei - physiology</topic><topic>thalamic reticular nucleus</topic><topic>Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - drug effects</topic><topic>Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - physiology</topic><topic>valproate</topic><topic>Valproic Acid - pharmacology</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Tepe, Nermin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Filiz, Aslı</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dilekoz, Ergin</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Akcali, Didem</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sara, Yildirim</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Charles, Andrew</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bolay, Hayrunnisa</creatorcontrib><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><jtitle>The European journal of neuroscience</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Tepe, Nermin</au><au>Filiz, Aslı</au><au>Dilekoz, Ergin</au><au>Akcali, Didem</au><au>Sara, Yildirim</au><au>Charles, Andrew</au><au>Bolay, Hayrunnisa</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The thalamic reticular nucleus is activated by cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats: prevention by acute valproate administration</atitle><jtitle>The European journal of neuroscience</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Neurosci</addtitle><date>2015-01</date><risdate>2015</risdate><volume>41</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>120</spage><epage>128</epage><pages>120-128</pages><issn>0953-816X</issn><eissn>1460-9568</eissn><abstract>This study investigated the effect of repetitive cortical spreading depression (CSD) on behaviour and the anatomical and physiological patterns of cellular activation of cortical and subcortical areas in awake, moving rats. Rat behaviours in response to repetitive CSD events evoked by the application of KCl were quantified with electrophysiological recording. Immunohistochemistry was used to quantify anatomical regions of cellular activation. The effects of acute valproic acid administration on the behavioural parameters and cellular activation were evaluated. CSD significantly decreased locomotor activity and induced freezing in awake, moving rats, and stimulated c‐Fos expression in the cortex, trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), and amygdala. CSD also resulted in a prominent increase in c‐Fos expression in the ipsilateral thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) visual sector. Electrophysiological recordings revealed propagation of CSD into the TRN. Valproic acid pretreatment decreased the duration of CSD‐induced freezing episodes and reversed the CSD‐induced reduction in locomotor activity. Acute valproic acid administration also significantly blocked CSD‐induced c‐Fos expression in the TNC and TRN. These findings show that CSD events cause consistent behavioural responses and activate specific brain regions in awake, freely moving rats. Selective activation of TRN by CSD and the suppression of this activation by valproic acid suggest that this brain region may play an important role in migraine pathogenesis and may represent a novel target for migraine therapy.
The thalamic reticular nucleus was activated by cortical spreading depression (CSD) in only conscious and freely moving rats. The direct propagation of SD into the TRN was detected which might play a role in lateralized headache and seems to be vulnerable to anesthetic agents. Activation of thalamic reticular nucleus was reversed by valproate administration suggesting anti‐migraine action of valproate may also include thalamic reticular nucleus among other sites in the brain.</abstract><cop>France</cop><pub>Blackwell Publishing Ltd</pub><pmid>25327971</pmid><doi>10.1111/ejn.12753</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Amygdala - drug effects Amygdala - physiology Animals Central Nervous System Agents - pharmacology Cerebral Cortex - drug effects Cerebral Cortex - physiology cortical spreading depression Cortical Spreading Depression - drug effects Cortical Spreading Depression - physiology Electrodes, Implanted Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - drug effects Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic - physiology GABA Agents - pharmacology Immunohistochemistry Male migraine Motor Activity - drug effects Motor Activity - physiology Potassium Chloride - pharmacology Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos - metabolism rat Rats, Wistar Thalamic Nuclei - drug effects Thalamic Nuclei - physiology thalamic reticular nucleus Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - drug effects Trigeminal Caudal Nucleus - physiology valproate Valproic Acid - pharmacology |
| title | The thalamic reticular nucleus is activated by cortical spreading depression in freely moving rats: prevention by acute valproate administration |
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