Standard of hygiene and immune adaptation in newborn infants

Abstract The prevalence of immune-mediated diseases, such as allergies and type 1 diabetes, is on the rise in the developed world. In order to explore differences in the gene expression patterns induced in utero in infants born in contrasting standards of living and hygiene, we collected umbilical c...

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Veröffentlicht in:Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Fla.), 2014-11, Vol.155 (1), p.136-147
Hauptverfasser: Kallionpää, Henna, Laajala, Essi, Öling, Viveka, Härkönen, Taina, Tillmann, Vallo, Dorshakova, Natalya V, Ilonen, Jorma, Lähdesmäki, Harri, Knip, Mikael, Lahesmaa, Riitta
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container_end_page 147
container_issue 1
container_start_page 136
container_title Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
container_volume 155
creator Kallionpää, Henna
Laajala, Essi
Öling, Viveka
Härkönen, Taina
Tillmann, Vallo
Dorshakova, Natalya V
Ilonen, Jorma
Lähdesmäki, Harri
Knip, Mikael
Lahesmaa, Riitta
description Abstract The prevalence of immune-mediated diseases, such as allergies and type 1 diabetes, is on the rise in the developed world. In order to explore differences in the gene expression patterns induced in utero in infants born in contrasting standards of living and hygiene, we collected umbilical cord blood RNA samples from infants born in Finland (modern society), Estonia (rapidly developing society) and the Republic of Karelia, Russia (poor economic conditions). The whole blood transcriptome of Finnish and Estonian neonates differed from their Karelian counterparts, suggesting exposure to toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and a more matured immune response in infants born in Karelia. These results further support the concept of a conspicuous plasticity in the developing immune system: the environmental factors that play a role in the susceptibility/protection towards immune-mediated diseases begin to shape the neonatal immunity already in utero and direct the maturation in accordance with the surrounding microbial milieu.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.clim.2014.09.009
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subjects Allergy and Immunology
Cord blood
Estonia
Female
Fetal Blood - metabolism
Finland
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation - immunology
Genotype
HLA-DR3 Antigen - genetics
HLA-DR3 Antigen - metabolism
HLA-DR4 Antigen - genetics
HLA-DR4 Antigen - metabolism
Humans
Hygiene
Hygiene hypothesis
Hypersensitivity - immunology
Immune adaptation
Infant, Newborn
Innate immunity
Male
Newborn infant
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
RNA - genetics
RNA - metabolism
Russia
Signal Transduction
Socioeconomic Factors
Transcriptome
title Standard of hygiene and immune adaptation in newborn infants
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